Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing

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A valuation of Abraham Maslow’s theory of self-actualization for the enhancement of quality of life Pages: 499-504 Nishi Tripathi and Moakumla (Department of Psychology, Under Chitamber School of Humanities and Social Sciences, SHUATS, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh) Abraham Maslow's theory of “self-actualization” can be an instrument to stimulate and kindle people to become healthy and to attain a better quality of life because a person is always 'becoming' and never remains static, therefore, in self-actualization, a person comes to find a meaning to life that is important to them. Maslow highlight the need for “self-actualization” as the ultimate need and one of the motivating element to realize one's own maximum potential. It is the process of achieving one's own full potential through creativity, autonomy, spontaneity and vibrant understanding of what one's desires and wishes. On the other hand, Quality of life is an all-encompassing concept which includes both the personal (subjective) and impersonal (subjective) aspect of life. It reflects the alteration, the breach between the expectations and prospects of a person and their existing experiences. Self-actualization enhances and influences the quality of life because there is a significant association between the predictions of Maslow's theory and the quality of life. No psychological health is possible unless the indispensable central and core of the person is vitally recognized, respected, esteemed and valued by others and by oneself. Self-actualization stresses on the concept of recognition, acceptance and manifestation of the inner core or self, i.e., actualization of the self-capacities and potentialities to the “full functioning,” and obtainability and accessibility of the human and personal essence. Pages: 499-504Nishi Tripathi and Moakumla (Department of Psychology, Under Chitamber School of Humanities and Social… Read more Get Access
Correlates of farmers towards zero-tillage technology in Haryana Pages: 505-509 Anil Kumar and Ashok Kumar (Department of Extension Education, COA, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) The study was conducted in Karnal and Fatehabad district of Haryana state. Two blocks from Karnal district i.e. Karnal and Nilokheri; two villages from each block namely Uchana and Kulvehari (Karnal), Bhaini and Sultanpur (Nilokheri); one block from Fatehabad district i.e. Tohana from Tohana block and three villages namely Prithla, Lalauda and Nagala village were selected twenty respondents from each village were selected randomly for the study purpose having a total sample of 140 users of Zero-Tillage Technology (ZTT). The study revealed that most of the respondents were of young to middle age group, mean score of education was not satisfactory. 12.14% of the respondents were having more than 15 acres land holding. The average socio-economic status was not satisfactory. Extension contacts, mass media exposure, change proneness and risk orientation were found to low level. Majority of farmers used rice-wheat cropping pattern. Maximum respondents were of favorable (57.85 %) attitude towards Zero-Tillage Technology. Large majority of farmers (61.42%) were had medium level of overall knowledge of ZTT. Maximum respondents of the farmers used control flooding method of irrigation. Age, caste, occupation, house, land, material possession, education, farm power, socio-economic status, mass media exposure, risk orientation, attitude and knowledge were positive and highly significant at 1% level. Pages: 505-509Anil Kumar and Ashok Kumar (Department of Extension Education, COA, CCS Haryana Agricultural University… Read more Get Access
Burnout in teachers: Causes, consequences and intervention Pages: 510-512 Manju (School of Education, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh, Haryana) The teacher is as important as the child in the educative process as there is need for systematic study of the problems and concerns of teachers. The right attitudes and involvement, the mental health and job-satisfaction of the teachers are essential conditions for the success of any school programme. Teachers and their problems have been attracting a great deal of attention. “Teacher stress and Burnout” have become topic of public and professional concern. Teaching occupation is often perceived as semi-professional with relatively low social prestige and income. Educational reforms have tried to make teaching a more professional occupation by increasing teacher's commitment and accountability to their jobs. Pages: 510-512Manju (School of Education, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh, Haryana) Read more Get Access
Mental health of post-graduate students: Role of stream and gender Pages: 513-518 Namita Mohanty and Mausumi Mishra (Department of Psychology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha) The present study examined the role of educational streams and gender on n-achievement, stress and mental health of young adults. It was based on a 2 (Gender) x 3 (Streams) factorial design. The sample consisted of 180 subjects (90 males & 90 females) pursuing Master degree programme at Utkal University, Odisha in science, arts and commerce streams. Results revealed that females had higher n-achievement than males, and students in science stream had better mental health compared to their counterparts in arts and commerce streams. Stream x Gender interaction had significant effects on all the three dependent variables. Females of arts streams had the highest n-achievement whereas maximum stress was experienced by the female students in science stream. But in case of mental health, male students of science stream were better compared to all other groups of subjects. Results were interpreted on the basis of socio-cultural practices relating to gender role stereotypes, need for higher education, economic, social independence and emancipation of women as well as variation in opportunities available for employment of post graduate students in different streams. Pages: 513-518Namita Mohanty and Mausumi Mishra (Department of Psychology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha) Read more Get Access
Impact of gender on the relationship between job satisfaction and psychological well-being of Indian employees Pages: 519-523 Hansika Singhal and Brinda Sud (Department of Psychology, Kamala Nehru College, University of Delhi, Delhi) A central point adding to the capacity of organizations to adapt to the turbulent environment is the advancement of job satisfaction and employee well-being. The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of gender on the job satisfaction and psychological well-being of the employees working in Indian private sector. Consequently, the relationship between job satisfaction and well-being was explored. A cross-sectional survey-based research design was adopted using data from 160 employees (equal number of males & females) of private sector organizations in North India. The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) and The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) were administered to gain insight into the levels of job satisfaction and well-being respectively. The results showed that gender did not play a role in determining job satisfaction and psychological well-being in Indian employees. Further, it was seen that job satisfaction and psychological well-being were positively correlated. The study advances the existing work and adds to the limited literature of Indian studies on the relationship between job satisfaction and well-being in the Indian private sector. Pages: 519-523Hansika Singhal and Brinda Sud (Department of Psychology, Kamala Nehru College, University of Delhi… Read more Get Access
Role of cognitive remediation in enhancing memory in patients of schizophrenia Pages: 524-529 Sarah Javed, Suhail Ahmed Azmi, and Deoshree Akhouri (Department of Psychiatry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh) Cognitive impairment has a high prevalence in Schizophrenia and has been linked to functional outcome. To date statistically significant effects of medication on cognition in mood disorder trials and in schizophrenia do not necessarily translate to clinically meaningful effects. Apart from it other potentials benefits like being less expensive, not being cause dependent and having no side effect increases demands of non pharmacological programs. Keeping this in view following objectives were set for the study. Development of a cognitive remediation package and investigating the efficacy of that cognitive remediation program of neuropsychological deficits in terms of memory. 100 schizophrenic patients as per ICD 10 who came to Psychiatry OPD of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India were recruited for the study. Patients were randomly allocated to experimental group and control group. Patients in experimental group were given cognitive remediation therapy for 3 months and patients of control group were on treatment as usual. Memory was assesses using PGI Memory scale at baseline, post treatment (3 months) and follow up (6 months). Participants in experimental group improved more than those in control group on cognitive functioning post training with attenuation of some gains at the 6 months. Pages: 524-529Sarah Javed, Suhail Ahmed Azmi, and Deoshree Akhouri (Department of Psychiatry, Aligarh Muslim University… Read more Get Access
Impact of caregiver’s stress on cancer patient’s level of anxiety and depression Pages: 530-533 Anjana Bhattacharjee and Amrita Banerjee (Department of Psychology, Tripura University, Tripura) The present paper was an attempt to ascertain the impact of caregivers' stress on the level of anxiety and depression of cancer patients. For the said purpose the study was conducted on 200 cancer patients and 200 caregivers (family members) of cancer patients. All of them were selected purposively from the Regional Cancer Hospital, Agartala, Tripura. Kingston Caregiver Stress Scale (KCSS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Beck's Depression Inventory were used for the data collection. The findings revealed that majority of the family caregivers of cancer patients had high level of stress followed by moderate level of stress. The results also showed that stress of caregivers of cancer patients had significant impact on anxiety and depression feeling of the cancer patients. Pages: 530-533Anjana Bhattacharjee and Amrita Banerjee (Department of Psychology, Tripura University, Tripura) Read more Get Access
Personality variables and marital satisfaction: A systematic review Pages: 534-541 Huma Kamal (Psychiatry Social Worker, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh) Roli Tiwari and Jita Behera (School of Studies in Psychology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh) Basheer Hasan (Psychometrics Laboratory, SoS in Psychology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh) The aim of the present paper is to examine and explore the research status, from the relevant research literature, on the relationship between personality variables and marital satisfaction. It further contributes our knowledge of understanding by reviewing scientific research literature published over the last thirteen years. Review papers, articles and empirical studies were searched from eleven scientific database. The methodological assessments of each paper were examined using six parameters viz., research design, validity coefficient of criterion measure on own data, reliability coefficients of criterion measure on own data, validity or reliability coefficients of different predictor measure, statistical analyses and reported effect size. The most frequently predictors included neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientious, extraversion, openness to experience, impulsivity, immature defense mechanism, communication, attachment, emotional stability and spousal support. There have been many problems with the theory and empirical work in this area. The critical review includes both theoretical and empirical implication Pages: 534-541Huma Kamal (Psychiatry Social Worker, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh)Roli Tiwari and Jita… Read more Get Access
Correlates of dual-earner couple’s stress Pages: 542-545 Arati Jakkaraddi, V.S.Yadav, and P. B. Khadi (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka) The study aims to assess the level of stress among dual-earner couples. The sample was selected from both public and private sectors using the snow-ball technique from Dharwad city. The sample comprised of 155 dual-earner couples. An ex-post- facto exploratory research design. Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Rural Home Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India, between 2007 to 2008. Personal information schedule and Stress questionnaire developed by Bhagwatvar (2000) was used for data collection. The data was subjected to frequency, percentage and correlation analysis. The results revealed that dual-earner couples were having high stress per se, husbands were experiencing high stress and wives were experiencing low and medium stress. Correlation analysis between the type of occupation, number of working hours and dual-earner couples revealed a significant negative relationship with stress levels. Pages: 542-545Arati Jakkaraddi, V.S.Yadav, and P. B. Khadi (Department of Human Development and Family Studies… Read more Get Access
The effectiveness of dialectical behaviour therapy in dealing with the consequences of childhood sexual abuse and intellectual giftedness: A case report Pages: 546-554 Anwesha Bhattacharyya (Clinical Psychologist, Clinical Psychology Centre of University of Calcutta, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal) The purpose of the case study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) in dealing with the trauma and psychological consequences of experiencing childhood sexual abuse; coupled with the challenges of presence of intellectual giftedness in a 12 year old adolescent girl. An intellectually gifted, highly imaginative and creative 12 year old adolescent, with a history of repeated incidence of childhood sexual abuse, and presenting complaints of being overly sensitive, heightened reaction to stress provoking situations, psychosomatic reactions to stress, self harming behaviour, feeling of subjective distress, pervasive feeling of loneliness and lack of trust in people; was undertaken for psychological intervention. The above mentioned symptoms and the added vulnerability and susceptibility with respect to intellectual giftedness were addressed within the framework of dialectical behaviour therapy. The challenge was to address the symptoms of the adolescent, keeping in mind the additional dimension of her intellectual superiority and associated psychological features. Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) was found to significantly reduce incidence of self harming behaviour and successfully address low frustration and distress tolerance, emotional dysregulation, feeling of subjective distress and psychosomatic reactions to stress. Pages: 546-554Anwesha Bhattacharyya (Clinical Psychologist, Clinical Psychology Centre of University of Calcutta, University of Calcutta… Read more Get Access
Impact of repeated failure: An exploratory study from the perspective of civil services aspirants Pages: 555-561 Vivek Tiwari and Deepa Punetha (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh) An exploratory study was conducted to understand the meaning, causes and consequences of repeated failure from the perspective of civil services aspirants. An open ended questionnaire with interview schedule was distributed among 94 participants with the age range between 25 to 35 years who were giving civil services examination from at least ten times and were residing in different hostels and lodges of Allahabad. Out of 94 civil services aspirants, only 72 responded and returned the questionnaire. Content analysis of the data revealed that civil services aspirants were facing lot of difficulties in their personal and social life. Most of the civil services aspirants' responses were exam centric and repeated failures were influencing each and every aspect of their life. Some of the civil services aspirants were hopeful while responding the meaning and consequences of failure while most of them were hopeless and were experiencing tremendous mental pressure. The responses also indicated that they were having distorted relationship with their closed ones and they were feeling alienated. Most of them reported that there was shrinkage in the friend circle after facing so much failure. They demonstrated the fear of negative results, feedback avoidance and loss of respect in their life after facing so many failures. They were coping with these challenges by motivating themselves, pursuing hobbies and so on. On the whole this study was an attempt to understand the phenomenology of the civil services aspirants who were failing repeatedly. Pages: 555-561Vivek Tiwari and Deepa Punetha (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh) Read more Get Access
Perceived social support and coping strategies among cancer patients Pages: 562-565 Aachal P. Taywade (Amity Institute of Behavioral and Allied Sciences, Amity University Mumbai, Maharashtra) The present study was conducted to investigate relationship between coping skills and social support among cancer patients. For this purpose, by incidental sampling, 50 cancer patients (24 males & 26 females, mean age = 50.8) were assessed on Coping Strategies Inventory by David Tobin and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support by Zimet et al. Mean perceived social support was 57.42. To assess its relationship with coping strategies, Pearson's Product Moment Correlation was run on the obtained data. Perceived social support was significantly correlated with problem focused engagement (0.47), emotion focused engagement (0.41), and emotion focused disengagement (-0.49**). As social support increases, problem focused engagement and emotion focused engagement also increases whereas, emotion focused disengagement decreases. Pages: 562-565Aachal P. Taywade (Amity Institute of Behavioral and Allied Sciences, Amity University Mumbai, Maharashtra) Read more Get Access
Health seeking behavior: A review Pages: 566-568 Shweta Sanjeev Kumar (Junior Research Fellow, D.O.S in Social Work, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka) S. Y. Swadi (D.O.S in Social Work, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka) This study of health seeking behavior outlines the main approaches within the field, and summarizes some of the key findings from recent work around the probes. Health seeking behavior is a somewhat over-utilized and under-theorized tool. Although it remains a valid tool for rapid appraisal of a particular issue at a particular time, it is of little use as it stands to explore the wider relationship between populations and health systems development. If we move the debate into new and more fruitful arenas, this study reaches the conclusion that we need to develop an understanding how populations engage with health systems, beyond health seeking behavior as a tool for describing the determinants of health. This study uses secondary sources and descriptive methodology. Pages: 566-568Shweta Sanjeev Kumar (Junior Research Fellow, D.O.S in Social Work, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka)S… Read more Get Access
Efficacy of behaviour modification techniques to reduce the problem of alcohol drinking among adolescents: A study Pages: 569-573 Vasantha Kumari R. (Department of Psychology, R & D Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) Veeramani T. (Department of psychology, Govt. Arts College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) The purpose of the study was to investigate the efficacy of Behavioural Techniques to reduce the alcohol drinking behaviour among adolescent. During this phase of development, adolescents begin the transition from childhood to adulthood. Issues of independence, identity, sexuality, and relationships define this developmental stage. They also experience mental health problems like, anxiety, depression etc .these issues along with other stress and inability to tackle leads to problem drinking in adolescents. Helping adolescents to build up self-esteem and over-come mental health problems along with preventing them from becoming addicts of alcoholism was the main objective. We used the questionnaire Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (1971); for screening of problem drinking, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (Hamilton, 1959); in order to determine the level of anxiety, Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, 1961); and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) in order to determine the level of Global Self-Worth indicating both positive and negative feelings about the Self. This is the study of ten adolescents of Maritime Academy, Cochin College and de-addiction centre, Cochin. The drinking problem of the subject was assessed by Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. Pre intervention assessment of anxiety, Global Self-Worth indicating both positive and negative feelings about the Self by using Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale respectively. The subjects were administered the Behaviour Technology Module and were reassessed after the period of eight weeks. The results of the study is statistically significant and indicates that the subject experienced significant reduction in alcohol drinking; significant improvement in overall wellness by decreasing in the level of anxiety and had shown significant increase in self-esteem. Pages: 569-573Vasantha Kumari R. (Department of Psychology, R & D Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil… Read more Get Access
Efficacy of Holistic Quality of Life Intervention (HQLI) for women having bipolar disorder: A randomized controlled trail Pages: 574-579 Soneymol George Palamattathil and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines) The present study examined the efficacy of “Holistic Quality of Life Intervention” for alleviating depression and enhancing quality of life among female bipolar patients. It used a 'two-group randomized controlled trial' with 32 female bipolar patients in moderate depression who reside at long term residential care homes in Kerala, India. Beck's Depression Inventory and WHO's Quality of Life- Bref scale were used to measure the level of depression and quality of life. The intervention was implemented for 8 weeks and the results displayed substantial effects on the participants. The results were analyzed using Paired Sample t test and MANOVA and the Partial Eta Squared value indicated the extent of its effect. The study proved that the 'Holistic Quality of Life Intervention (HQLI)' is an effective tool for alleviating depression and enhancing quality of life among women having bipolar disorder. Pages: 574-579Soneymol George Palamattathil and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas… Read more Get Access
Awareness of waterborne diseases and water purification practices at household level Pages: 580-583 Neetima Batra, B. Sehgal, and Manju Mehta (College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana) Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids and gases from contaminated water with the aim of making it fit for drinking or a specific purpose. Drinking water is an absolute necessity, Consumption of unsafe drinking water contributes to the 4 million annual cases of diarrhoeal cases worldwide. This study aimed to determine the knowledge and applicability of water purification practices and awareness of various water born diseases by the homemakers at Hisar city of Haryana state A total of 100 respondents from a corresponding number of households were selected through a multistage sampling method. Data was obtained with the use of well structured interviewer administered questionnaire. It was found from the study that boiling technique of purification was known to cent percent of the respondents from sector area and old city area. While use of filters, phitkari, (Alum), muslin cloth, potassium permanganate, chlorine tablet, etc. were aware by them but in some less percentage. More than ¾ percentage of women were using water filters in their home and out of them majority of women were using candle filters .A huge percentage of respondents were aware that impurities of water means dirt, dust, insects, bacteria and viruses in that. The basic reason given by them for using filters was it removes insect, remove dirt and dust etc. A little less than one-third percent of the respondents were aware that filters can remove odour and colour also. Those who were not using filters were saying that filtration is a long process and immunity does not improve, clean water availability in their locality, the basic reasons.70-80 percent of the respondents were aware about the jaundice, dysentery, diarrhoea were caused by intake of impure drinking water. Hence the study emphasize a general look of Indian women of a small city about water purification practices and diseases caused. Pages: 580-583Neetima Batra, B. Sehgal, and Manju Mehta (College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana) Read more Get Access
Gender differences in internalized and externalized behavioral problems among school going children Pages: 584-589 Ezaz A. Shaikh (Department of Psychology, Yashwantrao Chavan Mahavidyalaya, Pachwad, Maharashtra) Vishavnath R. Shinde (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra) Problem behaviour is a form of deviant behaviour which deteriorates the mental health of school children. Some behavioral problems are transitory in nature or expected of children of a certain age whereas few other problem behaviours are severe and require more complex multi-level interventions. The purpose of the research was to study gender differences among school children on internalized and externalized behaviour problems. The sample of this study consists of 120 school children aged 11 to 14 years. Both boys and girls were selected in euqal numbers from nuclear families with middle socio-economical status. The behaviour problems were assessed using Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) developed by Achenbach and Rescoria (2001). The analysis of One-way ANOVA revealed significant gender differences on both internalized and externalized behaviour problems. The results showed significant gender differences for all behavioural problems namely, withdrawn/depressed, anxiety/depressed, somatic complaints, social problem, attention problem, aggressive behaviour, rule-breaking behaviour and thought problem. It was noted that the internalized behaviour problems such as withdrawn/depressed, anxiety/depressed, somatic complaints, and social problem were higher among female children than male children. In contrast, externalized behaviour problems such as attention problem, aggressive behaviour, rule-breaking behaviour and thought problem were higher among male children than female children. Pages: 584-589Ezaz A. Shaikh (Department of Psychology, Yashwantrao Chavan Mahavidyalaya, Pachwad, Maharashtra)Vishavnath R. Shinde (Department… Read more Get Access
Understanding and preventing road aggression Pages: 590-598 Makhijani S. (Student, Lotus Valley International School, Noida, Uttar Pradesh) Ashita Mahendru (Clinical Psychologist, Student Counselling Services, IIT Delhi, New Delhi) This exploratory research study was designed to investigate and identify Psychological and personality characteristics as well as attitudes and beliefs of aggressive drivers and factors that lead people to behave irresponsible and reckless on roads. This study further looks into traits and trigger points of aggression. While road rage may get triggered by simple misunderstanding or 'need for control' on the road, its causes may extend well beyond immediate incident. Increasing level of congestion on roads, poor road and lane designs or signage (specifically in second world countries like India) builds silent aggression which manifests as road aggression. Interestingly as noted in various studies and papers, there is no typical profile for a road rager. A rager can be a person from all walks of life and backgrounds. Professionals, students, moms and even celebrities are not immune to this effect. The paper further examines some of the surveys conducted by bodies like Central Road Research Institute, India and correlates its results with psychological findings from the paper. Finally, the paper examines some methods to address aggressive driving and minimize road aggression using education tools, enforcement methods and self-help techniques. Pages: 590-598Makhijani S. (Student, Lotus Valley International School, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)Ashita Mahendru (Clinical Psychologist, Student… Read more Get Access
Promoting resiliency in families of individuals with disabilities: Role of coping resources, family support, social participation and perceived burden Pages: 599-608 Sangeeta Bhatia (Department of Psychology, Gargi College, University of Delhi, Delhi) A severe disease or the birth of a disabled child may lead the family into the unexpected 'career' of 'caregiving that causes the whole family to re-evaluate its ways of functioning. The situation may affect the parents' marital relationship, their work and leisure-time activities, siblings and economy. A child's disability brings the parents face to face with tasks such as helping the child to live with his or her illness or disability and to deal with problems brought along with the disability. At the same time, they have to encourage him/her in developing as normally as possible, and they have to achieve all this in such a manner that the family can function normally as an entity. One factor that will most likely contribute to whether or not this can be done is how the parents can cope with the stress caused by the situation. Research shows that some families manage well but others do not; therefore, it is important to understand what factors contribute to differences between families who seem to manage well from those who seem to encounter large number of problems. The present study focuses on understanding how parents experience their child's disability and how, in their opinion, it has affected both themselves and the functioning of the family. One of the major reasons for undertaking this research is the desire to examine the factors that help families cope well with disabled children, as well as to identify those factors which differentiate between parents who seem to manage well from those who seem to encounter large number of problems. Previous studies have also emphasized that this research area is highly significant one because it is important to find risk factors so as to be able to help families in time. Parents need information, advice and support in order to face up to their child's disability, and to address the problems of their children's upbringing. Families in the present study have expressed strongly the emotional, social and economic cost in caring for a child with a disability. The distress could be alleviated by more aware and responsive support from informal and culturally sensitive formal sources. The goals of a responsive community should be to enhance coping resources that maximize the daily achievement of personal and family goals. Therefore, there should be a focus on community-based strategies that facilitate the inclusion of children with disabilities, as well as direct family support strategies to facilitate positive attitudes to inclusion of children with disabilities to contribute to family coping. Pages: 599-608Sangeeta Bhatia (Department of Psychology, Gargi College, University of Delhi, Delhi) Read more Get Access
Significance of positive mental health in student athletes Pages: 609-615 Divya Puri and Sarita Sood (P.G. Department of Psychology, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir) Sports have been considered beneficial for the better functioning of an individual. Indulgence in sports activities is rich and rewarding experience. However athletes who are involved in competitive sports as well as academics tend to experience greater amount of mental strain that has negative impact on their performance in the field. Therefore, it is important that focus should be given on mental health of student athletes. While efforts have been directed towards reducing the mental distress experienced by student athletes, there is comparatively lesser attention paid towards enhancing their mental health. The application of positive psychology in the field of sports has given due consideration to importance of positive mental health among athletes. Positive mental health has been found as one of the most important factor that facilitates the cognition and assists in effectively handling the multiple demands experienced by athletes. However, there is a dearth of literature with regard to significance of positive mental health among student athletes. The purpose of the present paper was to highlight the importance of positive mental health among student athletes. Pages: 609-615Divya Puri and Sarita Sood (P.G. Department of Psychology, University of Jammu, Jammu and… Read more Get Access
Role of parental involvement in personality traits of adolescents Pages: 616-619 Pawan Kumar and Asha Kinra (Department of Psychology, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan) The aim of this study was to find out role of parental involvement in personality traits of adolescents. For this 80 male students were taken as sample. Out of which 40 students are selected where parents are more involved and 40 students were selected where parents are less involved. The age group of the sample was 16 to 20 years. A self-administered questionnaire was used to find out the level of involvement of parents and The Hindi adaptation of high school personality questionnaire prepared by Kapoor and Mehrotra was used to measure the personality traits of the adolescents. For statistic analysis Mean, SD and 't' was calculated. Result revealed there is significance difference between personality traits of adolescents when their parents are more or less involved in their parenting. In other word parents involvement play a important role in their children's personality development. Pages: 616-619Pawan Kumar and Asha Kinra (Department of Psychology, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan) Read more Get Access
Locus of control and pattern of parental care among adolescents of Kashmir Pages: 620-622 Nisar Ahmad Wani (Department of Psychology, Government Degree College for Women, Anantnag, Jammu & Kashmir) This study investigates locus of control and its relationship with parental care and overprotection among adolescents of Kashmir. The sample comprised of 300 school going adolescents belonging to an age group of 16-18 yrs. Out of 300, 150 were males and 150 were females. LOC scale by Rotter, Tupling 78 and Parental bonding instrument by Parker, & Brown were used to measure these variables. Results revealed significant gender differences in relation to parental care and overprotection among boys & girls. Pages: 620-622Nisar Ahmad Wani (Department of Psychology, Government Degree College for Women, Anantnag, Jammu &… Read more Get Access
Encoding, emotional control and personality trait of university students: A comparative study 623-629 Shilpa Jasubhai (Consultant Clinical Psychologist, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) Ritu Sharma (Department of Psychology, School of Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University Raisan, Gandhinagar, Gujarat) C. R. Mukundan (Axxonet Brain Research Laboratory, Axxonet System Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka) Encoding strategies are significant in determining individual's emotional control and mapping personality traits. The purpose of the present study is to investing association between encoding strategies, personality and emotional factors. This study documents result of responses from 50 students from undergraduate and post graduate program using psychological tests namely Neo Five Factor Inventory-3 (NEO-FFI-3), Emotional Intelligence Scale, Verbal Encoding Test and Visual Memory Test. Extroversion and introversion, Self-control (SE) and managing emotions (ME), simultaneous or sequential processing style, verbal encoding and verbal memory were measured. Inferences are drawn on student's preferences to attend to external stimulations versus preference to introspect along with preference to simultaneous visual processing or sequential visual processing. The presence of self-control of emotional responses is an important factor that controls the occurrences of several responses, which possibly will contribute to understanding of conflicts and personality problems. Absence or reduction in sequential processing of signals in verbal and visual modes could weaken rational processing abilities and strengthen holistic processing of relevant and irrelevant issues, which could again pose decision making difficulties. Development of emotional control must occur during the developmental stages and social conditioning plays very important role in deciding the development of such self-control. Present research work can facilitate ground across several domains for further investigations and tries to highlight that there is an acute need to address these problems from neuroscience and social psychology point of view, especially when developments of such controls are minimally present within the social network. 623-629Shilpa Jasubhai (Consultant Clinical Psychologist, Ahmedabad, Gujarat)Ritu Sharma (Department of Psychology, School of Liberal Studies… Read more Get Access
Effect of Jacobson Progressive Muscle Relaxation (JPMR) on psychopathological problems in chronic non-malignant pain patients Pages: 630-633 Kanika Suri and Manju Pandey (Department of Psychology, Hemwati Nandan Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand) Chronic pain is defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain as something that perseveres beyond normal tissue healing time, which is anticipated to be three months for the pain to be chronic in nature. The chronic non-cancer pain is under study. Objectives: The cardinal objective of the contemporary study is to explore the effect of relaxation training (JPMR) on the psychopathological problems namely Anxiety and Depression. Materials and Methods: A pre-post study was performed on the patients with Chronic non-malignant pain. These were namely: Fibromyalgia, Chronic headache, and Somatic symptom disorder. The study consisted of a sample of 30 adult patients selected by a proper inclusion and exclusion criteria. So first the pre-test was done, after the intervention phase of four weeks, a reassessment was done on these patients. The tool used was Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale by Zigmond and Snaith. Results: The results showed the effect of relaxation training upon the patients to reduce psychopathological functions, showcasing the efficacy of these techniques. Amongst the averages, the lowest was found to be in Chronic headache patients. The lower scores show a decline in anxiety and depression. Hence, there was a depletion in the psychopathological problems, when patients were given relaxation training. Conclusions: the research has strong implications towards focusing on the impact of relaxation training over the anxiety and depression under chronic pain patients. It shows how the pain management program with the psychological intervention with relaxation training can help in depleting the anxiety and depression suffered by chronic non-cancer pain patients. Pages: 630-633Kanika Suri and Manju Pandey (Department of Psychology, Hemwati Nandan Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal… Read more Get Access
Loneliness and its effect on quality of life of old aged people Pages: 634-637 Udai Prakash Verma and Arun Kumar (Department of Psychology, Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, Uttrakhand) In the present research an attempt was made to study the relationship between loneliness and quality of life among old aged people. In this study purposive sampling technique was used to collect the sample of 80 old aged people in the age group of 65 to 75 years old (40 were old age home people & 40 were living with family) from Haridwar. Data is collected by using UCLA Loneliness Scale and WHO-quality of life scale. Mean and standard deviation of loneliness of people living in old age home (42.33, 8.51) and people living with their family is (34.10, 6.81) and t-value is 4.78. This shows significant difference in the level of loneliness of old age people living with their family and old age home. Mean and standard deviation of quality of life of people living in old age home (58.33, 8.62) and people living with their family is (92.88, 13.24) and t-value is 13.83. This shows significant difference in the level of quality of life of old age people living with their family and old age home. The level of loneliness is high in the old age people living in old age home. The level of quality of life is low in the old age people living in old age home. Pages: 634-637Udai Prakash Verma and Arun Kumar (Department of Psychology, Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, Uttrakhand) Read more Get Access

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