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Pages: 1528-1532
Riddhi Goel and Anjali Malik (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)

Risk taking behavior is now a common aspect of the adolescent behavior. There is no doubt of considering risk taking to be developmentally appropriate for developing autonomy or forming an identity. In recent years it is observed that risk taking can have grave consequences. It is now known to have long lasting harmful effects. Adolescents experience pressure from all domains and peer pressure is one of the factor which pushes them to indulge in high risk behavior that can bring them into direct conflict. So peer pressure should be an important variable of focus. Keeping this in mind, the present investigation was adopted in the present study. A sample of 394 adolescents of 10th and 11th standard was selected. The age range of the participants was 14-17 years. Risk taking questionnaire and peer pressure inventory were administered on the subjects. The data was analyzed by coefficient of correlation by Pearson's Product moment method. The results indicated that out of five dimensions of peer pressure only four dimensions are significantly related to risk taking behavior. School involvement and family involvement have been found significantly and negatively related to risky behavior whereas significant and positive relationship has been found on misconduct and peer involvement dimensions amongst adolescents. It indicates that getting involved in school and family activities can lower the risky behavior. On the other hand getting too much involved with peer group and indulging in unacceptable behavior can lead to high risky behavior. No significant relationships were found between peer conformity and risk taking behavior. From the present findings it can be inferred that introducing an intervention program to tackle the risk taking behavior of adolescents and ways of handling peer pressure can be favorable for the holistic development of adolescents.
Pages: 1528-1532 Riddhi Goel and Anjali Malik (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)
Pages: 1533-1534
Poonam Vats (Department of Psychology, Mata Sundri College for Women, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Life satisfaction is a measure of well being and may be assessed in terms of mood, satisfaction with relations with others, with achieved goals, self concepts and self perceived ability to cope with daily life. It can reflect experiences that have affected a person in a positive way. The Aim of the study is to find out the effects of political participation and non participation on life satisfaction of rural women. The sample consisted of 50 rural women who have are active in politics and 50 rural women who are non-active in politics. The age of the participants ranged from 40 to 50 years. Two scales used to assess the objective are: The Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) and Panas Scale. On life satisfaction scale it was found rural women who are active in politics are more satisfied in their life as compared to the rural women who are non-active in politics. It was also found that politically active women reported high on positive affect and low on negative affect as compared to women who are politically non-active.
Pages: 1533-1534 Poonam Vats (Department of Psychology, Mata Sundri College for Women, University of Delhi…
Pages: 1535-1539
Chitkala Venkareddy and Sangeetha R. Mane (Department of Social Work, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka)

Schools train children in co-operative and mutually helpful living to become socially effective human beings in a democratic society. To make a child to set goals include learning to accept responsibility, to know the world of education, to make decisions, to solve one's own problems, to understand human relations, to develop sound values and to create a sense of social responsibility both Teachers and Parents play an important role. But in this Competitive race some children who exhibit Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Symptoms (ADHD) lack focused attention. Such students appear to satiate quickly on tasks, because they are easily distracted by all stimuli are very sensitive emotionally and neurologically and fails often to face difficulties understanding social situations even the teachers at school level and parents at habitat can face overwhelming stress resulting in deterioration of health. The present study stresses on the impact of ADHD symptoms on Health of school children, teachers and parents a comparative study is conducted from different Government, Pvt Aided and Pvt Unaided Schools in Dharwad City by adopting descriptive design, random sampling method, self constructed questionnaire is framed to know their impact on various health factors in different dimensions and conners scale was administered to teachers and parents to identify children exhibiting ADHD symptoms. The results were obtained by using Annova Test and it is seen that be seen that, a significant difference is observed between children, teachers and parents of children with respect to impact scores towards health (F=391.9393, p<0.05) at 5% level of significance Further, to know the pair wise comparisons of children, teachers and parents of children by applying the Tukeys multiple posthoc procedures the children have significant higher impact scores towards health as compared to teachers and parents. Teachers have significant higher impact scores towards health as compared to parents of children. Thus early identification and remediation is a matter of perennial concern as they deprive child's ability to function socially, academically, at home and school thus by helping child to build self-confidence and improving Family Dynamics by making micro adjustments can make a macro difference instead of struggling with symptoms associated with ADHD.
Pages: 1535-1539 Chitkala Venkareddy and Sangeetha R. Mane (Department of Social Work, Karnatak University, Dharwad…
Pages: 1540-1544
Syed Najmah Jameel and Shawkat Ahmad Shah (Department of Psychology, University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir)

A Perceived social support scale was developed, that can be used to assess the perceived social support among orphans in the Asian cultural context, with special focus on the cultural context of Kashmir. Responses were sought from 336 orphans from 8 orphanages of Srinagar district on an 18 item scale formulated on basis of strong theoretical and research evidence. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out to check the factor structure and confirmatory factor analysis was carried out to confirm the same. The findings revealed a three-factor structure comprising of peer support, school environment and institutional environment dimensions. Cronbach's alpha of the standardized items was found to be 0.84, which falls under the acceptable thresholds as proposed by various psychometricians.
Pages: 1540-1544 Syed Najmah Jameel and Shawkat Ahmad Shah (Department of Psychology, University of Kashmir…
Pages: 1545-1550
Anil Kumar, Ashok Kumar Godara, Ashok Kumar, and Jitender Kumar Bhatia (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

The study was conducted in purposively selected Hisar districts of Haryana state (India) with selected 61 number of Photovoltaic Water Pumping System (PWPS) adopted farmers from this district, and an equal number of non beneficiaries adjoining to the beneficiaries' farm were also selected. In this way a total number of 122 respondents i.e. 61 beneficiaries and 61 non-beneficiaries were included in the sample for the study. A significant majority of respondents two third (67.21 %) had medium level of technical knowledge, general knowledge (73.77 %) and overall knowledge (70.49 %) by the adopted respondents. In case of non adopted respondents, as high as had low level of technical knowledge (81.96 %), general knowledge (70.49 %) and three-fourth of farmers (72.13 %) overall knowledge. Majority of respondents 60.65% and 45.90% had favourable attitude in case of adopted and non-adopted, respectively. Land holding, education, socio-economic status, extension contact, source of income, risk orientation and change proneness were found to have positive and significant correlation ship. However, in case of non adopted farmers' socio-economic status and risk orientation were found to have positive and significant correlation ship. The regression coefficient of adopted farmers' Land holding, education, socio-economic status, extension contact, source of income, risk orientation were found to have positive and significant regression coefficient. However, in case of non adopted farmers, In case of non adopted farmers, socio- economic status and extension contact had positive and significant regression coefficient with the farmers' knowledge level.
Pages: 1545-1550 Anil Kumar, Ashok Kumar Godara, Ashok Kumar, and Jitender Kumar Bhatia (Chaudhary Charan…
Pages: 1551-1560
Kochakadan Joy Lijo (Department of Psychology, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Ernakulam, Kerala)
Narayanan Annalakshmi (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

The present study involved developing a positive psychological intervention program for fostering selected positive psychological strengths and examining its efficacy in improving resilience among institutionalized adolescents at risk for developmental adaptation using a pre-post-follow-up control group design. The sample included 45 institutional adolescents (Males=22, Females=23) in the experimental group and 45 (Males=22, Females=23) in the control group. The intervention focused on improving probabilistic orientation, gratitude, and forgiveness using different methods of delivery including conceptual teaching, storytelling, exercises and loving-kindness meditation. The intervention was delivered in nine sessions spread over eight weeks. Self-reported measures of probabilistic orientation, forgiveness, forgiveness likelihood, gratitude, and resilience were used to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention. Academic achievement, an objective measure obtained from the school records was also included to assess the efficacy of the intervention. ANCOVA, ANOVA, and Student's t-test were used to analyze the data. The findings suggest that the evidence-based positive intervention had improved the probabilistic orientation, forgiveness, and gratitude of the institutionalized adolescents. Further, the intervention is found to have resulted in the enhancement of resilience, academic achievement, as well as the overall well-being of the participants. The findings confirm that enriching the inner protectors of the adolescents at-risk may be effective in enhancing their developmental adaptation and well-being thanks to the interaction between the protectors and the risk factors in the environment.
Pages: 1551-1560 Kochakadan Joy Lijo (Department of Psychology, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Ernakulam, Kerala) Narayanan…
Pages: 1561-1565
Anu Verma (Department of Public Administration, DAV College, Chandigarh)

Since times immemorial, the teacher has always occupied a prominent place in the society. The teacher holds a valuable position not only in the education system but also in the life of an individual. The teacher acts as a guiding force to mould and nurture the young minds to make them worthy citizens. They act as a channel/medium between student and school (as source) to impart education and values in them. They help in directing and channelizing the potential of young generation. The teacher thus plays a significant role in the nation building and character formation. Education acts as an important tool to prepare the students to develop problem-solving and decision-making skills. This makes them self-sufficient to face the present day challenges and cater to the needs of the modern society. In the education system, the degrees of success of any program or policy depend upon the effectiveness of a teacher. The quality of a teacher ensures the quality of any educational programme. Hence, apart from the professional degrees and training required to be eligible to become a teacher, sincere efforts should be made from time to time to upgrade the knowledge, skills and quality of teaching to improve the educational standards.
Pages: 1561-1565 Anu Verma (Department of Public Administration, DAV College, Chandigarh)
Pages: 1566-1569
Mohd Shoiab Mir and R. Sankarq (Department of Psychology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu)

The investigator attempted to study the level of emotional stability experienced by the alcohol abusers. The present study was conducted on 400 alcohol abusers selected through snow ball sampling technique. Emotional Stability Questionnaire developed and designed by Sanjay Vohra (Revised, 2013) was used for the collection of data in the present study. The investigator applied frequency analysis, t-test and regression for the statistical treatment of the collected data. Findings of the study revealed that majority of the alcohol abusers had low level of emotional stability. Also there is significant difference between alcohol abusers belonging to 15-25 and 26-35 age groups and alcohol abusers belonging to nuclear and joint family with respect to their emotional stability. Further the findings demonstrated that age and family type had a significant influence on the emotional stability of alcohol abusers.
Pages: 1566-1569 Mohd Shoiab Mir and R. Sankarq (Department of Psychology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil…
Pages: 1570-1573
Suman Hooda and Arunima Gupta (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)

Children with developmental disabilities put great impact not only on the lives of the children but also on the lives of their caregivers especially the family members. Fostering a child with intellectual disabilities resulted in increased risk of mental agony, frustration, stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms and other psychological problems among the primary caregivers. The worry about child's future, economic burden, lack of emotional or social support and excessive physical care put parents into psychological distress affecting their mental health. The present study is an attempt to assess and compare the mental health of primary caregivers having children with mild and moderate intellectual disability and parents having children with average intelligence. A multi group design was employed. A sample of 150 healthy parents (50 with mild intellectually disabled children, 50 with moderate intellectually disabled children & 50 having children with average intelligence), was administered Mental Health Inventory by Veit and Ware (1983). Data was analyzed by using one- way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Significant differences were evident on the domains of mental health i.e. on psychological distress and psychological well-being among primary caregivers having children with mild and moderate intellectual disability and parents having children with average intelligence.
Pages: 1570-1573 Suman Hooda and Arunima Gupta (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)
Pages: 1574-1579
Patni Rahul (Alumni, Ahmednagar College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra)
Bedarkar Pritamkumar (Ahmednagar College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra)

Changing scenario has given great chances to the women in jobs, career and social interactions. Women came out, started expressing themselves and occupied positions. In other words, she started performing multitasking and mult-iroles. As compared to the men, women are experiencing one challenge, i.e. adjustment with their menstrual cycle. Giving justice to the multiple roles and maintaining health and hygiene is itself difficult task. Changing life style, stressors are putting extra pressure on her health, complains during menopause is an indicator. In present investigation efforts have been taken to understand how the trait anxiety and personality traits effects on menopausal complains of women. Quasi experimental design has been used. 64 women, age range between 42 to 50 years from working and non-working category has been selected using incidental purposive sampling method. Following objectives have been framed (i) To compared the clinical symptoms of menopausal women in relation with their marital status (ii) To study the clinical symptoms of menopausal women in relation with their working status (iii) To study the personality traits and clinical symptoms among menopausal women and (iv) To study the relation between traits anxiety and clinical symptoms among menopausal women. Three inventories have been administered on them (i) Menopause response checklist (ii) NEO-FFI and (iii) Trait Anxiety Inventory. The data have been analyzed using correlation technique. The finding reveals (i) Marital status and Working status shows significant impact on symptoms in menopause, (ii) Personality traits are no relation with the symptoms of menopause, and (iii) Trait anxiety have positive correlation with symptoms of menopause.
Pages: 1574-1579 Patni Rahul (Alumni, Ahmednagar College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra) Bedarkar Pritamkumar (Ahmednagar College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra)
Pages: 1580-1583
Shivani Dhodi and Indu Bansal (Department of Home Science, Banasthali Vidhyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan)

A medical career begins with encircling a broad range of study, eventually narrowing down to specialization and sub specialization. Fairly little is recognized about evolution from the medical student to the specialist. However number of studies has been conducted on career choices still very less data is available in this field. Keeping this in mind researcher has formulated the following objectives. To study specialty preference of medical students; to identify personal and family factors influencing speciality preference of medical students. 677 final year medical students of 10 north Indian medical colleges. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. A descriptive survey based study was conducted. Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel. Frequency, Percentage and was used to presents the data. According to the level of preference scores computed for each career preference, surgery and internal medicine was preferred by majority of respondents were as a few selected diagnostics and other specialty. Coming over the personal factors majority of medical students were highly influenced by self interest and name and fame, where as only a few were influenced by social service and health history where as in family factors majority of medical students were highly influenced by care of the family and parental wishes and least influenced by family occupation and health history of family members. Opposing to the trendy belief that career choices are made after internship, this study explained that these are made within and even before entering to medical school. These choices are influenced by numerous factors.
Pages: 1580-1583 Shivani Dhodi and Indu Bansal (Department of Home Science, Banasthali Vidhyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan)
Pages: 1584-1590
Anima Kumari, Naved Iqbal, and Waheeda khan (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)

Crime has always been considered as negative aspect of human behavior. Many studies described criminal behavior as associated with personality pattern and mental health. Most of the studies have been based on finding out what should be changed, so that the criminal would get an improved mental health status (World Health Organization, 2005; Fazel, Hayes, Bartellas, Clerici, & Trestman, 2016). Yet there found to be a lack of available literature regarding positive characteristics possessed by the criminals that may be improved in order to achieve a better mental health status. Therefore, the present research aimed to measure mental health status of the persons residing inside the prison walls and to predict it through their personality characteristics and character virtues. Two groups were selected for the study (i.e., first time criminals & habitual criminals). A total of 200 male prisoners were taken as sample (100 from each group) from the Tihar Central prison number 5, Delhi. Results showed that the first time criminals performed better than the habitual criminals on personality characteristics of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness, as well as on character virtues of wisdom, humanity, justice, temperance, and transcendence. The two groups showed no significant difference on the virtue of courage. Habitual criminals scored higher on the personality characteristic of neuroticism that showed their emotional instability in comparison to that of the first time criminals. Also, the habitual criminals scored higher on the scores of mental health that meant a worse mental health status than that of the first time criminals. Personality characteristic of extraversion and virtue of justice predicted mental health among first time prisoners. Personality characteristics of neuroticism and extraversion, as well as virtue of temperance predicted mental health among habitual prisoners. Effect sizes ranged from small to large.
Pages: 1584-1590 Anima Kumari, Naved Iqbal, and Waheeda khan (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia…
Pages: 1591-1595
Neetima Batra (Department of Home Science G.G.S.S.S., Kaimri, Hisar, Haryanayana)
Manju Mehta (Department of Family Resource Management, I. C. College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana )

Vastu shastra is science of balancing energies and it is highly recommended for good and peaceful living. Keeping this view in mind a research was planned purposively on 100 homemakers who have altered / renovated houses according to vastu principles. Some aspects of beginning of construction and basic vastu principles were choose from a elaborated list of vastu principles by making a long inventory from various books, magazines, newspaper, websites etc. and checked by various vastu shastries, Pandits and vastu practitioners from Hisar city. After that level of satisfaction score containing highly satisfied, satisfied and dissatisfied on three quantum scale these aspects were studied and found that some aspects like underground water tank should be in NE direction, no trees towards NE side, drainage system should be E and N side were applied by more than 85% of homemakers. Surprisingly 90 percent of them were highly satisfied by making underground tank in NE and no tress in N and E. less than 10 percent homemakers were found dissatisfied by renovating /constructing house according to vastu principles. Regarding constraints faced while renovating/constructing house according to vastu, social & economic constraint were scored high as compared to other technical and structural constraints.
Pages: 1591-1595 Neetima Batra (Department of Home Science G.G.S.S.S., Kaimri, Hisar, Haryanayana) Manju Mehta (Department of…
Pages: 172-177
Stuti Singh and J. Mahto (Post Graduate Institute of Behavioural and Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh)

The present study focuses upon studying the memory impairment in patients with schizophrenia and alcohol induced psychosis. Memory emerges as one of the principal foci of interest in studies of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia and alcohol induced psychosis. To assess and compare memory impairment in patients with schizophrenia and alcohol induced psychosis. A sample of 60 patients, 30 patients diagnosed as having schizophrenia and 30 patients diagnosed as having alcohol induced psychosis as per the ICD-10 DCR criteria, within the age range of 18-65 years, males, using the purposive sampling technique will be taken from the outpatient department of PGIBAMS, Raipur for the study. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale will be used for assessing the presence and severity of psychopathology in both the groups, CAGE will be used for assessing the level of alcohol use in patients with alcohol induced psychosis and PGI Memory scale will be used for assessing the presence of memory impairment in both the groups. Appropriate statistical analysis will be done using SPSS-16 and results will be discussed at the time of presentation.
Pages: 172-177 Stuti Singh and J. Mahto (Post Graduate Institute of Behavioural and Medical Sciences, Raipur…
Pages: 178-183
D. Anwar Basha, K.S.N. Reddy, and J. Lalu Naik (Department of Anthropology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh)

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects quality of life; however, the effect of environmental factors various on MetS is not uniform across the cultures as evinced by the diverse prevalence rates. These risk factors are collectively under the influence of nutrition, lifestyle and consequent to increasing affluence, urbanization, industrialization, mechanization, rural-to-urban migration, habits of smoking, alcoholic consumption, and physically inactive etc. Although many studies have reported an association between self-reported physical activity (PA) and MetS, there is limited information on the optimal levels of PA required to prevent MetS. Present study aimed to assess the association between PA and MetS among urban adult population of Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh. A cross-sectional survey was conducted amongst 802 adults (421 men & 381 women). PA levels were categorised by World Health Organisation criteria (2010) and MetS was defined using the modified NCEP ATP III criteria (2002). Of the study participants, 32% had MetS. Mild PA subjects had high percent of MetS (44-49%) compared to heavy PA subjects (19-18%) in both women and men. Subjects with MetS had lesser physical actively levels compared to their counterparts (p<0.05) in both genders. Mean levels of SBP, FBG, and TG were gradually decreased from mild to heavy PA levels (p<0.05). Heavy PA was characterized by a significant elevation in HDL-c levels when compared to mild activity (p<0.05). The odds ratio of PA showed that moderate subjects were 3 times and mild activity subjects were 8 times at risk in the elevation of MetS risk factors. The majority of the adults who had the habituation of lesser PA were at risk in the elevation of MetS and it was inferred that involving in heavy PA may reduce the burden of developing MetS.
Pages: 178-183 D. Anwar Basha, K.S.N. Reddy, and J. Lalu Naik (Department of Anthropology, Sri Venkateswara…
Pages: 184-187
Priyesh Kumar Singh, Tara Singh, and I. L. Singh (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)
V. N. Mishra (Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Pradesh)

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are epilepsy like episodes which have an emotional rather than organic origin and thought to reflect emotional disturbance. Research on etiology of PNES suggests the role of multiple psychiatric and neurological factors. However, the psychopathology of PNES is poorly understood. Some studies have suggested a number of psychological disorders which has overlapping symptoms with PNES. Conversion disorder, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression to name a few, are the common co-morbid condition with PNES. Present study aimed at examining and comparing various psychiatric problems among PNES, epileptic and healthy control. For this purpose 60 participants, PNES (n=20), epilepsy (n=20), and healthy control (n=20) were recruited from department of neurology of Sir Sunder Lal hospital. Participants were administered with Symptoms Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) and responses were obtained on three administrations, each with PNES, epileptic and healthy control separately. Results revealed statistically higher level of psychiatric problem among PNES individuals in comparison to epilepsy and healthy control. It was concluded that psychiatric problem are more prevalent among PNES patients and health professionals should consider the psychiatric dimension during diagnosis and treatment of PNES.
Pages: 184-187 Priyesh Kumar Singh, Tara Singh, and I. L. Singh (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu…
Pages: 188-192
Priyanka (Department of Psychology, M.A.C.W, Jhajjar, Haryana)
Promila Batra (Department of Psychology, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana)

Attention stands at the forefront of cognition. Without attention abilities, there would be no learning, no perception, no intellectual functioning, and no development of language. Attention enables the individual to gain these experiences. But, recent years have seen a sudden surge in an array of cognitive dysfunctions such as decline in memory, distraction in attention and attention related disorders. Stressful lifestyle in this competitive world may be the root cause. Allopathic psychoactive drugs have been the main stay of treating attention related problems in India and the world wide. However, experiences with these drugs have always not been satisfying. The administration of these drugs is very expensive and most often accompanied by side effects like insomnia, mood change, dizziness, respiratory depression, irritability, nausea, rash, and clumsiness etc. Therefore, the whole world is looking towards ancient science of Ayurveda to explore safe, alternative, cost effective treatment as well as reliable cure with no or minimal side effects. Ayurveda largely uses plants as raw material for the manufacture of drugs. Shankhpushpi is believed to be the one such herbal plant that is capable of enhancing all the aspects related to the brain power, such as learning memory, and the ability to recall. Earlier work on this plant conducted by many researchers as well as in our own department clear-cut indicates the memory enhancing potential of this plant. It can be inferred from the memory enhancing potential of this plant that if this plant can enhance memory, it is quite possible that attention also must be getting affected by it. Any improvement in attentional processes would have its implications in improving all other cognitive abilities. Keeping this wide implication in mind, this present piece of work was designed to examine the effect of Shankhapushpi, a herbal plant, on attentional processes. A 2 X 2 double blind, pre post, placebo controlled, parallel group design was employed. Sample was selected from college going students, belonging to an age group of 19 25 years, who were ready to sign informed consent. Total 60 subjects were selected and divided into 4 groups, each having 15 Ss. 2 groups were experimental groups, who received Shankhapushpi powder (3.5 gm per day with honey followed by a glass of milk) for 2 different durations i.e. 10 and 20 days. Other 2 groups were control groups, which were treated with ordinary powder (made with coriander, spinach, fenugreek etc.) with the same dose and in the same manner as experimental groups. Two aspects of attentional processes were tested i.e. Selective and Divided attention. The subjects were tested on these tasks before starting the treatment and immediately after the treatment. The paper will discusses the obtained results in details as analyzed by two-way ANOVA.
Pages: 188-192 Priyanka (Department of Psychology, M.A.C.W, Jhajjar, Haryana) Promila Batra (Department of Psychology, M.D. University, Rohtak…
Pages: 193-196
Stuti Kacker and Nehashree Srivastava (Department of Psychology, National P.G College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)

The present study is an attempt to study the effect of attitude towards pets on Emotional Intelligence. In this study, some qualitative analysis was done by pre-interviewing the sample and asking general questions regarding attitude towards animals. The sample comprised of 15 pet lovers and 15 non pet lovers. Statistical method applied on the data obtained was t testing and correlation. Emotional Intelligence Scale developed by Anukool Hyde, Sanjyot Pethe, Upindhar Dhar and Pet Attitude Scale-Modified developed by Kathleen Munsell, Merle Canfield, Donald Templer Kimberly Tangan, Hiroko Arikawa. There is a significant difference between pet lovers and non pet lovers on Emotional Intelligence, where pet lovers scored higher in Emotional Intelligence and for non pet lover there is negative correlation between Emotional Intelligence and Pet Attitude, showing that for having a favorable attitude towards pet, one needs to have genuine respect and care for pets, not considering them as less resourceful, inferior to human, only such feeling can lead to positive interaction and that further enhances respect for these gift to mankind that leads to better Emotional Intelligence. Attitude towards pet, parallels attitude towards humans. Mahatma Gandhi quote, is enough explain the importance of humanitarian attitude towards animals, “Greatness of nation can be judged by its treatment towards animals.”
Pages: 193-196 Stuti Kacker and Nehashree Srivastava (Department of Psychology, National P.G College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
Pages: 197-200
Jini K. Gopinath and Rita Krishnan (Department of Psychology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala)

The aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between specific learning difficulty and different aspects of psychopathology in upper primary children. 90 children with learning difficulty were assessed on various dimensions of psychopathology and learning difficulty. The mean age of the participants was 11.39 with a standard deviation of 0.63. The tools included Developmental Psychopathology Checklist, the arithmetic section of the NIMHANS Battery for Specific Learning disorder and a teacher rated Visual Analogue Scale. Learning difficulty was found to be associated with developmental history, developmental problems, hyperkinesis, emotional disorders, psychotic behaviour, total psychopathology, psychosocial stressors and teacher reported problems. The study points to the need to address psychosocial concerns of children with learning difficulty.
Pages: 197-200 Jini K. Gopinath and Rita Krishnan (Department of Psychology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala)
Pages: 201-204
Mohsen Amiri and Behnaz Baghbanbashi (Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran)

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between job performance and resiliency in self-administrative staff and operational Fars Province Red Crescent. The study population included all administrative and operational staff Fars Province Red Crescent, whose number was in the year 150. Morgan table and using stratified random sampling method 108 persons were chosen as samples. Connor Davidson questionnaire to collect data, questionnaire and Sherer General Self-Efficacy Questionnaire was used Paterson's job performance. The validity using validity and content validity and reliability was approved by. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (mean, etc.) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation, multiple regressions) were used. The results showed that, (1) the relationship between resiliency and job performance there place. 2. The relationship between self-efficacy and job performance there place 3. Resiliency, a strong predictor for the Bashd. 4- general self-efficacy is a strong predictor for job performance variable.
Pages: 201-204 Mohsen Amiri and Behnaz Baghbanbashi (Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan…
Pages: 205-210
Prem Prakash (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Ranchi Institute of Neuro-Psychiatry and Allied Sciences, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand)
Amool Ranjan Singh (Department of Psychology, Ranchi Institute of Neuro-Psychiatry and Allied Sciences, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand)

Alcoholism is generally regarded as one of the most serious public health problems and a devastating disorder for affected individuals, their families and society. It becomes difficult for the individual to control his alcohol taking behavior, however, it can becured by psycho-therapeutic techniques and improving quality of life. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of group therapy in the enhancement of quality of life in individuals with alcohol dependence syndrome using Group Therapy. Twenty two individuals diagnosed with alcohol dependence syndrome according to ICD-10 DCR were chosen from the inpatient departments of RINPAS using the purposive sampling technique. After taking informed consent from the individuals, Socio-demographic and Clinical Data Sheet, Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire, and WHO Quality of Life- Bref were administered to establish the baseline. They were randomly assigned to the TAU+GT (experimental) group and TAU (control) group. Group therapy was given in the form of total ten to twelve sessions of 45 to 60 minutes with a frequency of twice a week to the TAU+GT group. After completion of the therapy sessions, post assessment was done and the follow up assessment was done after three months of post assessment. Data was analyzed with the help of Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon Sign Rank test and Chi-square test. Significant better Enhancement was found in the level of Quality of life among individuals with alcohol dependence syndrome in the post intervention phase which was maintained at follow up stage.
Pages: 205-210 Prem Prakash (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Ranchi Institute of Neuro-Psychiatry and Allied Sciences…
Pages: 211-216
Vishmita (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Ranchi Institute of Neuro-Psychiatry and Allied Sciences, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand)
Amool Ranjan Singh (Department of Psychology, Ranchi Institute of Neuro-Psychiatry and Allied Sciences, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand)

In this study, we assessed the role of group therapy in the enhancement of self esteem in schizophrenia. The study was cross- sectional hospital based study. 20 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to ICD-10 DCR were chosen from different inpatient departments of RINPAS, Kanke using the purposive sampling technique. After taking informed consent from the patients. Socio-Demographic and Clinical Data Sheet, Rosenberg self esteem scale were used for the assessment. After completion of the therapy sessions, post assessment was done and the follow up assessment completed after three months of post assessment. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 for windows was used for statistical analysis with the help of Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon Sign Rank test and Chi-square test. Result revealed that there were significant differences in the scores of self esteem between experimental and control group after intervention. Major finding of this study shows that group therapy improves self esteem in schizophrenia.
Pages: 211-216 Vishmita (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Ranchi Institute of Neuro-Psychiatry and Allied Sciences, Kanke…
Pages: 217-219
Neeraj Malik (Department of Law, Chhaju Ram Law College, Hisar, Haryana)

Witness, through ages, has been a key player in the pursuit of justice delivery. The fundamentals of justice necessitate that the truth and impartiality must be quintessence of justice. This brings the role of an onlooker or third party as witness to confirm or report to criminal justice agencies the ingredients of the incident. The sanctity of the statements made by the witness is considered to be correct and factual as they are made under oath. Hence the role of witness has been paramount importance in assisting the course of justice. The purpose of this paper shall be confined to interested witness and deal with the way the courts appreciate and weigh the evidence proffered by such witnesses. Since in a catena of cases, the court has cautioned the Judge to take special care and weigh the evidence of such witnesses with care and caution. But at the same time there have been instances where the court has accepted the evidence without corroboration by any other independent witness. Thus this paper will try to strike a balance between these two lines of thought and try to understand the finer nuances of the appreciation of evidence under the (Indian Evidence Act, 1872).
Pages: 217-219 Neeraj Malik (Department of Law, Chhaju Ram Law College, Hisar, Haryana)
Pages: 220-226
Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)

Worldwide Internet addiction is a newly emerging mental health and social issue among the Youths causing neurological complications, psychological disturbances and social problems. Internet addicts make the Internet urgency more vital than family, friends and work. Several studies exposed that anxiety, backache, blurred vision, dry eyes, headache, sleep disturbance, depression, poor academic performance etc. are results of Internet addiction. The internet is a medium to obtain faster information, research and communication, but for some users, it may become a companion for survival. Adolescents usually have poorer self-control, worse self-regulation, and poorer cognition as compared to adults and are considered the most vulnerable group to the temptations of the internet. The aim of this study was to explore the Level of depression in relation to internet addiction in adolescents of Udhampur. A mixed sample of 200 subjects was taken, out of which 100 was of using internet and 100 of using less internet. Both group subjects belonged to an age group of 15 to 18 years. Beck's Depression Inventory and internet addiction IAT Young, 1998 were used to measure the above variables. The data was analyzed by using t-test. Results revealed that higher internet user adolescents are having increased level of depression from their counterparts.
Pages: 220-226 Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)
Page: 227-231
Poonam Bharti (Department of Geography, Punjabi university Patiala, Punjab)

The present paper reveals the district wise sex ratio in Jammu and Kashmir State during 2001-2011. Since the beginning of this century, the sex ratio in the total population has long been low in Jammu and Kashmir. The provisional data in 2011 census showed that the overall sex ratio came down to 883 females per 1000 males against 892 females per 1000 males in 2001. Gender equality continues to remain a dream to the territory of Jammu and Kashmir where the child sex ratio i.e. 0-6 years of age and overall sex ratio have declined sharply between 2001 and 2011. The spatial pattern of sex ratio at the macro, meso and micro-levels reveals a high degree of variation. Decline in sex ratio in Jammu and Kashmir varies considerably from one region to another. Rapid decline in sex ratio is a serious issue which is due to the proving preponderance of males over females at birth which could be attributed to the female foeticide.
Page: 227-231 Poonam Bharti (Department of Geography, Punjabi university Patiala, Punjab)
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