Mob : +91 92554 42103
Email id: iahrw2019@gmail.com
Mob : +91 92554 42103
Mob : +91 92554 42103
Email id: iahrw2019@gmail.com
Mob : +91 92554 42103
IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review is an indexed and refereed journal published monthly by the Indian Association of Health, Research, and Welfare (IAHRW). IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review likely aims to promote interdisciplinary research in social sciences by providing a platform for scholars, academicians, and professionals. Its primary objectives include fostering discussions on contemporary social issues, policy-making, and human development while encouraging evidence-based research in sociology, psychology, political science, economics, and cultural studies. The journal focuses on areas such as social behavior, education, governance, gender studies, mental health, and societal well-being. Its goals include publishing high-quality research, supporting academic discourse, and contributing to knowledge that influences social policies and community development. IAHRW IJSSR is a peer-reviewed journal, and the papers are published after a review process by the review panel of the journal. This journal has been published regularly since 2013. For more details write to us at iahrw2019@gmail.com
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, President Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
Editorial Office: 1245/4, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Indexing: International Bibliography of Social Sciences (IBSS), DHET (South Africa), EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest Social Sciences Database, I-scholar, Google Scholar and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.42
CHIEF EDITOR
Sunil Saini, PhD
Indian Association of Health Research and Welfare, Hisar, Haryana, India
INTERNATIONAL EDITORIAL BOARD
Rankoana Sejabaledi Agnes, PhD, University of Limpopo, South Africa
Sakhile Manyathi, PhD, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
EDITORS
Dr. Arun Kumar Jaiswal, PhD
Department of Psychology, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4430-6063
Dr. C. R. Darolia, PhD
Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3282-2733
Dr. Damanjit Sandhu, PhD
Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala
ORCID ID: ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8368-0133
Dr. Rekha Sapra, PhD
Department of Human Development and Family Empowerment, University of Delhi
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7610-3549
Dr. Sangeeta Trama, PhD
Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-9257-8722
Dr. Shashi Darolia
Department of Psychology, IIHS, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
ORCID: 0009-0001-7761-3441
Dr. Waheeda Khan, PhD
Former Dean and Head, Department of Clinical Psychology, SGT University, Gurugram
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4384-7047
Dr. Jaspreet Kaur, PhD, Punjabi University Patiala
Dr. Ritesh Kumar Singh, PhD, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi
Dr. Radhy Shyam, PhD, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana
Dr. Sandeep Singh, PhD, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana
Dr. Sunita Malhotra, PhD, Former Dean, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana
Editorial Office: 1245/4, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com, suneil_psy@iahrw.org
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Indexing: EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest, I-scholar, Google Scholar and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.42Stellenbosch University, South Africa Human Development and Family Empowermen
The IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review (IJSSR) is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal published by the Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW). The journal publishes original research articles, review papers, theoretical papers, case studies, book reviews, and short communications in the fields of social sciences, psychology, sociology, education, economics, political science, social work, management, public policy, behavioural sciences, and related interdisciplinary areas.
Manuscripts submitted to the journal must be original, unpublished, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Submission of a manuscript implies that all authors have approved the manuscript and agree to the journal’s publication policies.
The title page should contain:
Provide an abstract of 150–250 words summarizing objectives, methodology, findings, and conclusions.
Provide 4–6 keywords suitable for indexing and retrieval.
Manuscripts should generally include:
All references must follow APA 7th Edition guidelines and include DOI information wherever available.
Tables and figures should be numbered consecutively and prepared according to APA guidelines.
All sources of financial support, grants, sponsorships, equipment, or institutional support must be disclosed.
Authors must declare any financial, professional, institutional, or personal conflicts of interest that may influence the research.
Authors are encouraged to provide a contribution statement based on the CRediT Taxonomy.
Authors should indicate whether data supporting the findings are publicly available, available upon request, or subject to restrictions.
Authors may use AI tools for language editing and technical assistance. AI systems cannot be listed as authors, and all use of AI must be disclosed.
Authors are responsible for obtaining permission for copyrighted materials reproduced in their manuscripts.
The IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review adheres to the principles and best practices recommended by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Authors, reviewers, editors, and publishers are expected to uphold the highest standards of integrity, transparency, and ethical conduct.
Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts are original. Plagiarism, self-plagiarism, duplicate publication, data fabrication, data falsification, citation manipulation, and image manipulation are strictly prohibited.
A manuscript submitted to the journal must not be under consideration by another journal simultaneously.
Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial scholarly contributions to the research and manuscript preparation. Guest, gift, and ghost authorship are not acceptable.
Research involving human participants must receive approval from an appropriate ethics committee or institutional review board. Informed consent should be obtained where applicable.
Authors must protect the privacy and confidentiality of research participants and avoid publishing identifiable information without explicit consent.
Authors are expected to present accurate data and findings. Any discovered errors should be promptly reported to the editor.
The journal investigates allegations of:
Appropriate actions may include rejection, correction, retraction, or notification to the relevant institutions.
The journal follows COPE recommendations regarding corrections, corrigenda, errata, expressions of concern, and retractions.
Authors must disclose any significant use of AI tools in manuscript preparation and remain fully responsible for the content submitted.
All participants in the publication process are expected to comply with internationally recognized publication ethics standards and COPE Core Practices.
The Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing follows ethical publishing standards and may have specific policies regarding the use of AI in research and writing. Authors are expected to disclose the use of AI tools in manuscript preparation, ensuring that AI-generated content does not compromise originality, accuracy, or ethical integrity. For precise guidelines, it is recommended to refer to the journal’s official policy. AI content by Turnitin should be below 15%
Retraction, Correction, and Expression of Concern Policy
The Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing (IJHW) is committed to maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record. The journal follows the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in handling corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.
Corrections (Erratum/Corrigendum)
A correction may be issued when a published article contains significant errors that affect the accuracy, indexing, interpretation, or reputation of the publication but do not invalidate the study’s findings. Corrections may be initiated by authors, editors, or readers.
• An Erratum is issued when the error originates from the journal or publisher.
• A Corrigendum is issued when the error originates from the author(s).
• All corrections will be linked electronically to the original article and clearly identify the changes made.
Expression of Concern
The Editor-in-Chief may publish an Expression of Concern when substantial doubts arise regarding the integrity, reliability, ethical compliance, or authorship of a published article, and an investigation is ongoing. The notice will remain associated with the article until a final decision is reached.
Retraction Policy
Articles may be retracted if:
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• The work constitutes plagiarism, duplicate publication, or redundant publication.
• Data fabrication, falsification, image manipulation, or unethical research practices are identified.
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Retraction Procedure
Authors may appeal editorial decisions regarding corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions by submitting a written explanation and supporting documentation to the Editor-in-Chief. Appeals will be reviewed independently, and the final decision of the Editorial Board shall be binding. The journal reserves the right to update published content when necessary to protect the integrity of the scientific record and the interests of readers, researchers, and the public.
Authors are required to disclose on the title page of the initial manuscript any potential, perceived, or real conflict of interest. Authors must describe the direct/indirect financial/personal support (ownership, grants, honorarium, consultancies, etc.) in (1) the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; (2) the writing of the report; and (3) the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Authors should explicitly mention on the cover page that whether potential conflicts do or do not exit. A declaration should be made on the cover page for all types of conflicts that could affect submission to publication of a manuscript. The role of funding agencies should be clearly mentioned.
Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India,
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com,
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Peer Review
All manuscripts submitted to the IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review (IJSSR) are subject to a rigorous double-blind peer review process to ensure the publication of high-quality and ethically sound research. Upon submission, manuscripts undergo an initial editorial screening to assess their relevance to the journal’s scope, originality, academic significance, methodological quality, ethical compliance, and adherence to submission guidelines. Manuscripts that successfully pass the preliminary evaluation are screened for plagiarism using recognized similarity detection software, and generally a similarity index below 15% (excluding references) is considered acceptable. Eligible manuscripts are then sent to at least two independent expert reviewers in the relevant field. Reviewers evaluate the manuscript’s originality, theoretical and practical contribution, research design, methodological rigor, data analysis, ethical standards, clarity of presentation, and overall suitability for publication. Reviewer comments and recommendations are communicated to the authors for revision where necessary. The original reviewers may re-evaluate revised manuscripts before a final decision is made. Based on the reviewers’ reports and editorial assessment, the Editor may decide to accept the manuscript, accept it with revisions, request major revisions, invite resubmission, or reject the manuscript. The final decision regarding publication rests with the Editor-in-Chief.
Manuscript Evaluation and Peer Review Process
1. Initial Manuscript Evaluation
All submitted manuscripts undergo an initial editorial screening to assess their relevance to the journal’s scope, originality, scientific quality, ethical compliance, adherence to submission guidelines, and overall suitability for peer review.
2. Number of Referees Assigned
Manuscripts that successfully pass the initial evaluation are typically sent to two independent expert reviewers for double-blind peer review. In cases of conflicting recommendations, a third reviewer may be invited.
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Reviewer comments and recommendations are communicated to the corresponding author through the journal’s editorial system or email. Anonymous reviewer reports are provided along with editorial guidance for revision, where applicable.
4. Typical Length of Peer Review
The peer review process generally takes 4–8 weeks, depending on reviewer availability, the complexity of the manuscript, and the timeliness of responses.
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Authors receiving a revision decision are requested to submit a revised manuscript along with a detailed point-by-point response to reviewers’ comments within the specified timeframe. Revised submissions may be returned to the original reviewers for further evaluation when necessary.
6. Editorial Decisions
Based on reviewers’ recommendations and editorial assessment, one of the following decisions may be communicated to the author:
Reviewers must maintain strict confidentiality regarding manuscripts and associated materials.
Reviewers and editors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest and recuse themselves when appropriate.
Authors may appeal editorial decisions by submitting a written justification to the Editor-in-Chief. Complaints regarding editorial procedures, peer review, or publication ethics may be submitted to the editorial office and will be handled confidentially and fairly.
Editorial decisions are based solely on scholarly merit and are free from commercial, institutional, political, or personal influence.
The journal is committed to maintaining transparency, fairness, integrity, and accountability throughout the peer review and publication process in accordance with COPE principles and international best practices.
The final decision is made by the Editor-in-Chief or the Editorial Board and is communicated to the corresponding author through email along with the relevant comments and recommendations.
Pages: 134-137 Urbanization is unavoidable phenomena in World. In India, 31.16 percent population lives in urban areas, as per 2011 Census. Rapid urbanization within rapid population growth through economic development causes unsystematic and unplanned growth of cities in developing countries. Rapid population growth, which is mainly due to the migration, in cities creates many problems to human being. Sonipat city is no exception in this view because of its prime setting on N.H.1 and its easy accessibility and connectivity to both National Capital of Delhi and Union Territory of Chandigarh. The pressure of a rapidly growing urban population in the city has a direct impact on the surrounding rural agricultural land. Sprawl is based on satellite imagery of Google Earth (2002 and 2011), Toposheet 1968 and town directory map, Haryana (1981 and 1991) obtained from census of India. Census data have been used to analyses the latest scenario of population growth and urban sprawl at different time periods. The paper also reveals the potential of Geospatial Technology to analyze the direction of urban growth and their consequences in surrounding rural area. |
Pages: 138-140 The large scale regional inequalities persist in women status India, few states are having quite respectable status of the women, rest are having very pathetic and miserable situation. The status of women and child health is very deprived in the India even less than few developed countries. India basically lacking in the Health infrastructure and trained man powers both More than 80 percent of pregnant women are suffering from anaemia which is the mother of the all women and child health problems. Despite of large welfare and equity policies a large scale regional disparities still persist at state level in case of both women and children. Human resource development of the country will be one of the important thrust and priority area of the government with having universal coverage and equal access. |
Pages: 141-144 The present investigation was conducted to get insight into homework stress among secondary school students. The study was carried out in Sirsa district on a sample of 50 boys and 50 girl students. To collect the data a questionnaire was developed by the investigator. For analysis of the data only percentages were calculated and interpreted. The findings revealed that they may become imbalanced, inferior, feel fear, remains out of class, angry and tired due to huge quantity of homework. |
Pages: 145-148 Yoga, an assemblage of ancient spiritual practices, originated in India. Yoga empowers the body and the mind. Asanas (postures), Pranayamas (breathing exercises) and Dhyana (meditation) of Hatha Yoga offer relaxation techniques which promote good mental health. Practice of yoga helps to alleviate depression and anxiety. Yoga is a wholesome technique for self empowerment and growth. Practice of yoga helps us to deal with day to day stressors and in the management of negative emotions. Yoga is a way of life. Lifestyle intervention through yoga helps in developing a positive attitude and harmony within the individual. |
Pages: 149-151 Academic stressors include the student's perception of the extensive knowledge base required and the perception of an inadequate time to develop it (Carveth et al, 1996). Students report experiencing academic stress at predictable times each semester with the greatest sources of academic stress resulting from taking and studying for exams, grade competition, and the large amount of content to master in a small amount of time (Abouserie, 1994). When stress is perceived negatively or becomes excessive, students experience physical and psychological impairment. The present paper review factor affecting academic stress among school students. |
Pages: 152-154 Urban sprawl of Karnal city within the last 39 years is observed in the present study which based on satellite imagery of LANDSAT TM (1972 and 1989) and LANDSAT ETM+ (2000), guipe map of the karnal city(1983) and toposheet at a scale of 1:50000. Census data have been incorporated to analyses the population growth and urban sprawl at different time periods. A number of factors are responsible for the specific development and sprawl such as transport network, industries, educational institutions and good living conditions etc. |
Pages: 155-157 Present study highlights the pattern of state government expenditure on economic sector in Haryana (1990-91 to 2009-10). Economic sector comprises the sub-sectors like the agriculture and allied services, irrigation and Flood Control, rural development, energy, transport and communications, industry and minerals, science, technology and environment and general economic services as essential for the economic development of the state. The government plays a very significant role in the development of the economic sector as the most economic sector services fall in the category, which depends on the funds provided through the centrally sponsored schemes. The paper examines the economic sector expenditure of Haryana and its components. The study reveals that through the time share of economic sector expenditure decreases as the social infrastructure demand increases with the pace of time to satisfy the need of the people. In the economic sector, the share of revenue expenditure increases whereas the capital expenditure decreases in Haryana. The share of economic sector to development sector expenditure decreases whereas the plan economic sector expenditure increases from 1990-91 to 2009-10. Energy has captured major share in the economic sector expenditure. With the limited resource allocations of resources from the central government Haryana was incurred with more financial burden. For the further increase in the economic expenditure, it may be suggested that the resources from the central government should be allocated according to the needs of the state. All other sub-sector should also get equal importance apart from the energy as they are the wheels on which the development of the state can drive. |
Pages: 158-159 The present paper examines the extent of disparities in social and economic condition by social group in the village Hassangarh (Haryana). Disparity on the basis of caste has been common in social economic and political spheres as well as settlement for generation. The present paper is largely based on household level primary data. The level of literacy analysed considering the importance of education as a strong agent of socio-economic development. In the village about 69.2% population is literate. The gender disparity index for the village as a whole is 0.19. The backward castes are observed in below matric level of education. Children (below 15 years) comprise more than 18.9 percent of total population in the village. Among the caste group, higher castes have recorded highest proportion of children i.e. 25.0 percent. The sex ratio in the village is about 97.2. The work participation rate in the village is about 37.42 percent. The average per capita monthly expenditure in the village is Rs. 972. |
Pages: 160-163 Television plays a major role in the flow of information and is equipped with the power to influence people, their beliefs and their opinions. Being a visual medium, its impact transcends the social and educational background of its viewers; more so, in a diverse country like India, where television dominates the Media & Entertainment landscape as the preferred choice of entertainment. The television industry continues to have headroom for further growth as television penetration in India is still at approximately 60% of the total households. Cable and Satellite (C&S) penetration of television households is close to 80%, with DTH driving a significant part of the growth in the last few years. |
Pages: 164-170 Child abuse is a state in which a child (below the age of 18 years) is maltreated physically, emotionally, sexually and economically. These various types of child abuse lead a child in many long term traumatic stages. Children may face trauma that threatens their integrity, safety, level of confidence, self-esteem, social life and so forth. The effects of trauma are broad, encompassing fear, anger, sadness and humiliation. It is a globally prevalent phenomenon. The women and child development ministry-survey revealed that 53.22% of children reported having faced one or more forms of sexual abuse. It was also found that over 50% children were subjected to one or the other form of physical abuse and every second child reported of facing emotional abuse. In 83% of the cases parents were the abusers. In a number of joint studies conducted by UNICEF and the Ministry of Labour, 75% of the children reported treatment by staff as bad and 91.7% reported provisions of necessities as bad. In Mumbai 75.4 % reported bad treatment by staff and 53.2 reported that provisions were poor. One million children are trafficked into prostitution, in Asia every year; child abuse affects children in a number of ways, such as higher rates of psychiatric and psychological disorders as PTSD, depression, suicidal tendency, antisocial behaviour and so forth. Though there are certain acts as 'National Policy on Children, 1974'; 'Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 and recently government passed 'The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012', but due to lack of awareness and proper implementation in these acts, cases of child abuse are increasing day by day. So the gravity of the situation demands that the issue of child abuse be placed on the national agenda. |
Pages: 171-177 The Indian media market differs from those of developed countries in several ways. India is a developing country and all segments of the media industry (including print and radio) are still growing unlike in many developed countries. The media market in India remains highly fragmented, due to the large number of languages and the sheer size of the country. The television broadcasting industry has over the last two decades, become particularly fragmented, with low entry barriers and high carriage fees and the top two or three channels obtaining a disproportionately high share of total advertising expenditure. The uniqueness of India's Mediascape suggests that while restrictions may be desirable, the safeguards deemed appropriate may not precisely be those that apply in other countries. |
Pages: 178-180 With the advancement in technology requirement of the services of the libraries have been changed. User wants instant information instead of searching information here and there in the library. The thrust of the user can only be satisfied if library is fully computerized. Government through university grant commission is providing financial assistance to automate the libraries. The paper discuss step vise step, the procedure to automate the libraries so that the efficiency of the libraries may be increased and informational thrust of the user be satisfied. |
Pages: 181-183 The globalisation provides a lot new opportunities as well as complex challenges with diverse responsibilities. Globalization makes integration with the word economy and this fabric is strengthen by the economic exchange, interdependency, and foreign direct investment. In the background of global slow slowdown precipitated by the global financial and economic crisis, Indian economy has continued to grow at a healthy rate but later on it affected in form of low growth, high current account deficit and balance of payment. Poverty and continuous high dependency on the sector like agriculture is still a large challenge in front of India economy even after a decade of globalisation. |
Pages: 184-186 University library of Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology Hisar was established in the year 1996.Since it is an infant library, still it is enriched with online and print resources. It retains most of the resources which are expected from a library of repute. If it is compared with other university libraries of Haryana, It has quality and latest material in its collection. Since this is a technical university library, the reading material available in the library pertains to the subjects of science and technology. All the users of the library have been considered as the visitors. Faculty members, students and research scholars have been considered as the users of the library. Only one component of circulation system of library i.e. check-out system has been opted for the study. The paper discusses the effect of visitors on the check-out statistics of the library. |
Pages: 187-188 India stands as a model for many emerging democracies around the world. Free and fair elections are the hallmark of a well-functioning democracy. While we are justifiably proud of our democracy, there are a number of areas which need to be strengthened for us to realise the true potential of a well-functioning democracy. There has been a growing concern over the years in India about several aspects of our electoral system. The Election Commission has made changes in several areas to respond to some of the concerns. There have also been a number of committees which have examined the major issues pertaining to our electoral system and made a number of recommendations. But there remain some critical issues that might need action to bring about the required changes. |
Pages: 189-194 The current research paper is an attempt to understand the salient features of international and internal migration in metropolitan cities. The phenomenon of migration is reflected by streams, by distance categories, source areas of in-migration, reasons of migration. The results of the study on the bases of census 2001 revealed the contours of life time migration in metropolitan cities and provided answer to questions like: What is the pattern of migration? What are the pull/push factors that affect migration? |
Pages: 195-199 The paradigm shift in the field of information communication technologies has posed a challenge before the society to protect the Intellectual Property Rights given to the creators, inventors etc..By protecting the IPR, the governments motivate the researchers and artists for innovations and cultural heritage. The present paper highlights definitions, concept and various components of IPR.The main thrust is given to copyright. Copyright is described as the set of special rights granted by the law to the creator of the literary, artistic, musical or dramatic work for a specific period. A set ofproblems perceived by libraries in protecting the copyright in digital era is discussed in length. |
Pages: 200-203 Teams-games-tournament is one of the team learning strategy it increased basic skills, students achievement, positive interaction between students the sample present investigation was constituted of 70 students in order to fulfill the objective of the present result the ANCOVA technique was used as statically technique the other basic statically measures used were Mean, S.D. and 't' test. The group of student taught Hindi grammar through TGT under cooperative learning has shown significantly higher gain in achievement then the group of students taught Hindi grammar through traditional method. |
Pages: 204-207 The Mughal emperors and their mansabdars spent a great deal of their income on salaries and goods. This expenditure benefited the artisans and peasantry who supplied them with goods and produce. The enormous wealth and resources commanded by the Mughal elite made them an extremely powerful group of people in the late seventeenth century. The administrative and military efficiency of the Mughal Empire led to great economic and commercial prosperity. The present paper reviews economic growth, administrative and military efficiency of the Mughals in medieval history of India |
Pages: 208-210 The purpose of this research was to investigate the rest value and post exercise situation (5, 30 60 minute) of athletes with heart rate, oxygen consumption, and blood lactic acid. The objectives for this research were 20 volunteer Hockey players, from Barkatullah University's division I and II Hockey players, whose average age was 21.6 + 1.83 years, average weight was 79.6+8.05 kg, and average height was 184.5+4.19 cm. During experiment, each subject rode the bicycle until completely exhaustion at a speed of 60 RPM and power of 150W that will increase by 30W for every two minutes until they feel totally exhausted. Observed the changes of heart Rate, oxygen consumption and blood lactate from the physiological biochemical serum specimens when the players were in resting state and recovery state after exercising ( 5, 30, 60 min.). The indices were measured by the Polar heart rate recorder, Vmax29 analytical instrument, and blood lactate acid analytical instrument (YSI2300). All the information was analyzed by a single factor which changed and explained by the Schffee' way, and the results as follow: 1. There was a significant difference between division I and II with the heart rate (174.4+7.9 vs. 186.4+4.5bpm, P<.05). 2. There was a significant difference between division I and division II with the heart rate in the post-exercise 30 minute (83.6+3.8 vs. 97.7+8.0bpm, P<.05). 3. There was a significant difference between division I and division II with the oxygen consumption maximal (55.4+1.1 vs. 48.7+1.7 ml/kg/min, P<.05). It was useful and helpful for the player and coach to manage the peak performance and to avoid the over training. It's is important for the coach and player to recover quickly and to keep a steady state. |
Pages: 211-212 Gandhi had spent a couple of years touring India and refamiliarizing himself with his native country, he embarked on a mission to bring satyagraha to India. His end goal for India was liberation from the British Raj and self-government, and so he joined the nationalist movement that had already been organizing for several years. Gandhi's methods sparked media attention, and news of the events he organized was disseminated throughout the land. Whenever he was jailed, for example (which was often), the story would be placed in the headlines of major newspapers, making other Indians aware of the palpability and strength of the movement to liberate India. Independence was finally achieved on August 15, 1947, through the Indian Independence Act. The division of India ran counter to all his dreams and hopes for his homeland. He opposed the partitioning of the nation, believing that all of India's diverse subgroups, including Hindus, Muslims, Parsis, Sikhs, and others, could live peacefully together, as they had done for the centuries before the British Raj. Gandhi's views caused many to turn against him, especially radical Hindus, who believed he was betraying them, and the partition claimed its first victim |
Pages: 213-214 The present study examined gender difference in attitude towards inclusive education in high school teachers. The sample was comprised of 300 high school teachers (Male = 150, Female = 150, Mean) teaching in various private and government schools located in Rewari and Rohtak Districts of Haryana. Attitudes towards Inclusive Education Scale (ATIES) by Wilczenski (1992) was used to assess attitude towards inclusive education. t-test was used to analyze the results. The findings indicated that there was significant gender difference in attitude towards inclusive education among high school teachers. |
Pages: 215-217 The present study examined gender differences in academic stress, mindfulness and emotional intelligence among students. The sample was comprised of 400 students (200 boys and 200 girls) studying at senior secondary school level. The data was collected from govt and private school of district Rohtak, Haryana. Student Academic Stress Scale (SASS) by Busari, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS; by Brown and Ryan (2003) and Emotional Intelligence scale developed by Singh and Chadha (2001) were used to asses academic stress, mindfulness and emotional intelligence among students. t-test was used to analyze the results. The findings indicated that there was no significant gender difference in academic stress, however, significant gender difference was found in emotional intelligence and mindfulness. |
Pages: 218-220 The present study examined gender differences in suicidal ideation, loneliness, attitude towards alcohol and drug abuse; and peer relations among adolescents. The sample was comprised of 400 students (200 boys and 200 girls) in the age range of 18-23 years studying at UG and PG level in District Hisar and Jind. T-test was used to analyze the results. The findings indicated that there was a significant gender difference in loneliness and attitude towards alcohol and drug use, and peer relation, however, no significant gender difference was found in suicidal ideation. The results are discussed with empirical findings. |
Pages: 221-223 Team cohesion focuses on how being a part of a group inferences performance as well as how psycho-social factor influence group behavior, group performance better and group member are most satisfied when they are cohesive that is, they stick together remain united in pursuing goals. Cohesion is facilitated by emphasizing uniqueness or a positive identity related to group membership and also when individual team members understand and accept their role within group. The present paper reviews group cohesion and its impact on team performance. |