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Pages: 275-280 Annamma Thomas Arrackal1 and Lucila Ortiz Bance2 (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines1, and Department of Clinical Psychology, The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines2) Pathological use of the internet is 21st centuries epidemic. Its pathological nature causes an inability in controlling its use among the users and is often connected with severe impairments in the various domains of human life such as academic, daily functioning, and, satisfaction in the physical, psychological and interpersonal relationships. Subsequently, the affected person suffers from a diminished quality of life. As there is a felt need for early intervention for adolescents with pathological internet use and low quality of life, the researcher developed the 'Self-regulation and Quality of Life Intervention Program (SQOLIP) conjoining the Cognitive Model of Pathological Internet Use, Mindfulness-based Self-regulation, and, the techniques of Reality Therapy. A team of six experts from various disciplines in the field validated the intervention and pilot tested its utility with ten adolescents identified with pathological internet use and low quality of life. The outcome of the study justifies the effectiveness of the intervention by significantly reducing pathological use of the internet and enhancing the quality of life of the participants. |
Pages: 281-285 Sejabaledi A. Rankoana (Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa) The motivation for this study is conservation of indigenous plant resources achieved by community-based practices in the form of taboos observed to regulate the collection and use of the resources. This paper examines the role of taboo observation to limit the exploitation of indigenous plant resources in Limpopo Province of South Africa. A qualitative research approach was used in the investigation. The study sample was made up of 410 participants sampled through random and snowball techniques. The main study focus was on the significance of cultural taboos observed to conserve useful indigenous plant species. The results revealed that indigenous plant users observe a number of cultural taboos that regulate the collecting season, harvesting techniques, and usage of plant resources. Restriction on striking the fruits, gathering of immature grass, and over-harvesting of plant materials are among the collection taboos. Restrictions on the collection of grass in spring show participants' ecological knowledge of the plants' seasonal availability. Taboos regulating the use of plant materials are observed to ensure the sustainability of the species for food security. Failure to follow any of these taboos is said to invoke supernatural intervention in the form of tragedies such as hail, thunderstorms, and cattle barrenness. These indigenous knowledge systems for native resource conservation might be included into natural resource conservation strategies to improve sustainable use and management of native plants, thus sustaining the livelihoods of the local communities. |
Pages: 286-296 S. Deepak Kumar and N. Annalakshmi (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) For decades, studies have frequently identified and highlighted the challenges single women face, including problems related to work, rearing children, maintaining the health of family members, and economic burdens. The present study aims to identify and explore the psychosocial risk factors among single women. Using a semi-structured interview schedule, in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 single women (i.e., widowed/ divorced/ separated) from a mid-sized city in South India. The themes that emerged represented the risk factors that thwart the positive adaptation of single women: being single, rumination over experiences from the past, negative responses of parents to the marital issues, lack of empathy and support from extended family, lack of support and negative behavior from the ex-spouse and his family after marital dissolution, physical and psychological health issues after marital dissolution, economic challenges, challenges in rearing child as a single woman, social challenges, challenges with colleagues in the workplace, and maladaptive responses to challenges. Further research should focus on developing effective interventions or training programmes to single women that promote healthy adaptation and development in the face of adversity. |
Pages: 297-301 Cinjumol Thomas1 and Lucila O. Bance2 (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines1 and Department College of Science, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines2) This study investigates demographic variables that predict psychological distress among children of alcoholic fathers in Kerala, India. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), a standardized psychological instrument developed for assessing psychological distress, was used in a survey. It consists of ten items with five-point Likert scale responses. For the study, a total of 57 subjects were employed. The descriptive approach, linear regression analysis, and correlation were used to test the acquired data. Results showed that four of the eight demographic variables assessed independently for their ability to predict psychological distress in children of alcoholic fathers were gender (ß=.335), occupation (ß=.282), economic status (ß= -.296), and the number of years of the father's alcoholism (ß=.313). The four factors account for 60% of the variance in scores; R2 =.607; F (9.285); p<.05. Additionally, the results demonstrate that although separately, demographic variables together predicted psychological distress (R2=.542, p<.05). These four demographic factors significantly predicted the psychological distress experienced by children of alcoholic fathers. Therefore, it is essential to design health policies that account for such issues. This will substantially reduce the psychological distress of children of alcoholic fathers' experience. |
Recognising Resilience and Post-traumatic Growth in Adverse Situations: A Critical Literature Review Pages: 302-307 Pankti Galia, Shrinidhi Karole, Renuka Kavishwar, Vainavi Kumta, and Mahimna Vyas (Amity Institute of Behavioral and Allied Sciences, Amity University Maharashtra) With the help of this review paper, we aimed to expand upon the existing research on resilience and post-traumatic growth in the context of environments of occupations, war, and war-like situations, and across cultures. Previous research on PTG and resilience was limited, hence there is a need to understand the impact of resilience and the importance of PTG. The review is a detailed study of PTG and resilience across domains and how it is different within and between different populations. It is found to be true that in war or war-like situations as well as among different occupations that high levels of resilience were associated with the lowest posttraumatic growth. However, it also depends on individual differences, perceived social support, and the longevity of exposure to the traumatic event. Cultural factors are linked with resilience and PTG which helps to deal with traumatic situations. |
Pages: 308-310 Sejabaledi A. Rankoana (Department of Sociology & Anthropology, University of Limpopo, South Africa) Human and supernatural beings are responsible for illness causality under a personalistic paradigm of illness causation. Among the Bapedi people of South Africa's Limpopo Province, a personalistic concept of illness etiology has been documented. A person-centered model of illness etiology was discovered through semi-structured interviews and focus groups with 273. The study results report that humans and supernatural beings are both associated with the etiology of illness. God and the gods are among the supernatural beings, whereas witches and sorcerers are among the humans. This research is significant because it sheds light on the connection between cultural beliefs about the origins of sickness and subsequent attitudes about seeking medical attention and trusting traditional medicine. Effective integrated primary health care programs that address the requirements of indigenous communities could be created with the help of indigenous peoples' etiology of disease. |
Perception of Farm Women about Drudgery-reducing Technologies in Rural Haryana: A Sociological Study Pages: 311-315 Meenu Singh, Vinod Kumari, and Subhash Chander (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) Every advance in technology brings a change in the social environment to which man has to adopt in the form of modification of customs and traditions. A massive range of ladies is running in agriculture and acting strenuous duties. The majority of the rural and allied sports have been perceived as tough to carry out by the farm ladies. Drudgery-decreasing gear and devices are proved to be a boon for farm ladies. These gear and devices decreased the drudgery of farm ladies in addition to multiplying their performance and painting output. Working in higher postures additionally reduced the superiority of musculoskeletal issues amongst farm ladies. Technological improvements have been the motive at the back of the drastic modifications in all spheres of ladies' existence. Women have the capacity to mold themselves in keeping with each situation; she has to satisfy all of the necessities in their day-by-day existence. Technological gear reduced the workload of ladies. The power load dropping has no far-accomplishing consequences on ladies' lives inside the village. The technological development and agricultural home equipment inside the village have decreased the exertions of each lady and men and multiplied the productiveness that leads the village in the direction of prosperity and development. To study the adoption of drudgery technology by farm women, it is necessary to study the awareness and perception of women. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the perception of rural women about drudgery reducing technology. The study was conducted in two cultural zones, Hisar from Bagar and Mahandragarh from Ahirwal zone were selected. The study was conducted on 320 rural farm women who were selected randomly from Hisar I, Hisar II and Mahandragarh, Kanina Blocks.It was found that on average 22.2 percent of respondents were having a high level of perception about drudgery reducing technologies whereas 73.1 percent were having moderate and 4.7 percent were having alow level of perception. |
Pages: 316-320 M. V. Mokashi (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka) Temperament is implicated as a possible precursor to behavior problems. In order to study the influence of temperament on behavioral problems among preschool children, a study was conducted on preschool children of both rural and urban localities of Dharwad district. A multi stage random sampling method was employed where three talukas out of five were randomly selected from Dharwad district and from these selected talukas, two villages each were selected. A total of ten anganwadi's from five villages with 213 children and from six urban anganwadi's from three cities of the selected talukas with 121 children formed the sample. The prevalence of behavioral problems was studied on 334 preschoolers while the influence of temperament on behavioral problems was carried out on a sub sample of 206 children nominated by teachers and peers. The ASEBA Child Behavior Checklist was administered to the class teachers to assess the behavioral problems. The prevalence of behavioral problems revealed that, 47.0 percent of preschoolers were in the borderline and 13.8 percent were in the clinical range while only 39.2 percent were in the normal category for behavioral problems. The children's behavior questionnaire by Putnam and Rothbart (2006) was to measure the child temperament and its dimensions, viz., surgency/extraversion, negative affectivity and effortful control. The results highlighted that, child temperament and its dimensions had no significant association with behavioral problems among rural preschoolers as majority of children in the clinical range were found to be normal on surgency, negative affect and effortful control. Among the rural preschoolers, surgency was found to be a contributing factor in predicting the behavioral problems while among urban preschoolers, both surgency and negative affect predicted the behavioral problems. Hence, to manage the temperamental effects among preschool children, primary health care professionals and school counselors may collaborate with parents using behavior modification techniques and different therapies. |
Pages: 321-324 Mahmood Shafiq and Abdul Basir Nasiri (Department of Tafsir, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Herat University, Herat Afghanistan) Bid'at in religion has caused the practice of the prophetic tradition to disappear in Islamic societies and heresies to be promoted in society instead of Islamic traditions because performing heresies instead of worship causes misguidance and depravity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to introduce Bid'at to people to get acquainted with its negative consequences. The question of the current research is what is Bid'at in religion? Is Bid'at good and bad? Who is the Bid'at initiator? And what are the negative effects of Bid'at on its initiator? The purpose of this study is to explain the concept of Bid'at in religion and its adverse effects on the Bid'at initiator. This is a qualitative literature review research based on Islamic scripts and valid scientific sources have been used. The results of this research have shown that Bid'at refers to creating a way and method worshiping in religion, similar to the way and method of Sharia to approach Almighty God. A Bid'at initiator is someone who creates something of his own in religion. There is a great deal of disagreement about whether or not to divide Bid'at into goodness and badness, and each party provided reasons to substantiate its claim, which is examined in this article and the preferred promise is specified. Creating Bid'at in religion has many negative effects on the innovator, the most important of which are mentioned in this article. |
Pages: 325-328 Chinky Upadhyaya (Department of Psychology Raghunath girls PG College Meerut, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh) Our Study aimed at assessing stress and anxiety among day scholars and hostlers in age range of 17-24 years during Covid-19 pandemic. A sample of 120 students was selected using random sampling. The sample consisted of 60 Day scholars (30 males & 30 females) and 60 hostlers (30 Males & 30 Females) from different degree colleges in Meerut city. Data was collected with the help of Students' Stress Scale and Sinha's Comprehensive Test constructed by Akhtar and Sinha respectively. Data was analysed with the help of appropriate statistical techniques. Results of the present study revealed that gender and scholar type (place of residence) had a significant effect on the stress and anxiety level of students. |
Pages: 329-332 Sarita1, Deepak Kumar2, and Arjun Sharma3 (Department of Psychology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana1,2 and Department of Psychology, Government College Mandi Hariya, Charkhi Dadri, Haryana3) Death is the final destination of each living being and it gives meaning to life. Death anxiety means overwhelming fears of one's own death which distract us to live in present fully (Yalom, 1980) while adjustment refers to fulfilling the demands of the situation or environment by implementing suitable behavior patterns (Good, 1959). The present research is attempted to explore the relationship between death anxiety and adjustment among youth. The study sample consists of 100 college students aged 20 to 25 from MD University, Rohtak, Haryana. The scale of Adjustment Inventory by Ojha (2006) an Indian adaptation of the Bells adjustment inventory, and the Death anxiety scale by Chouhan and Tiwari (1971) was used for the present study. The results indicate that there is a significant negative relationship between social and emotional adjustment while there is no significant relationship between home and health adjustment with death anxiety. Therefore, initiatives can be taken by universities to reduce death anxiety and increase adjustment among youth, psychoeducation can be a way for this purpose. |
Pages: 333-337 Munmun Mohapatra, Ramya Ranjan Behera, Sanjay Das, and Ranajit Bera (Rekhi Centre of Excellence for the Science of Happiness, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal) The study is a field note to two tribal villages in Chandaka region of Odisha, namely, Bhagabatipur and Firikinali. Both the villages are devoid of adequate electricity facilities. Although there is a grid connection in both the villages, it suffers from various problems that lead to ultimate darkness. The field visit includes pre and post-pilot installation visits under a DST sponsored project. The fundamental aim of the project is to promote large scale deployment of Micro Solar Domes (MSD) for renewable energy application and social empowerment of rural SC and ST communities through integrated techno-social interventions for addressing energy-poverty holistically. The villagers of Bhagabatipur have benefitted immensely from MSD, and many villagers are interested in installing it for a better lifestyle. |
Pages: 338-341 Anulipi Agrawal1 and Charu Vyas2 (Department of Psychology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan1 and Department of Home-Science, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan2) Life these days is increasingly driven by competition, resulting in stress, dissatisfaction, and lack of fulfillment. Young adulthood is a unique, and critical period of development in which unmet wants, and responsibility takes place. Meditation is a universal technique that clears one's mind and connects one's inner energy to the universal energy, and leads to the pure joy of being one with universal consciousness and experiencing unlimited peace and happiness. There are many different techniques of meditation, like taichi meditation, mindfulness meditation, concentrative meditation, Zen meditation, preksha meditation, etc. Among these, samarpan meditation is a technique that comes from the Himalayas in 1994 by Shree Shivkrupanand Swami and now this technique has been spread to the entire world. This unique technique is free of cost and anybody can easily get benefit from it. Earlier, the meditation practice was followed according to the religious context only. On the contrary, this technique is now experienced according to the spiritual and philosophical context of a human and is applied for the promotion of their well-being. This paper describes the effectiveness of meditation techniques on young adults, including the physical, psychological, social, and mental benefits. |
Pages: 342-344 Saadgi Malhotra1 and Nayanika Singh2 (MCM DAV College, Chandigarh1 and Psychology MGSIPA, Sector-26, Chandigarh2) COVID-19 was declared a pandemic worldwide and many people suffered through various physical, mental, sociological, and psychological problems. Even after returning back to normal, people have not been able to cope with the stress. Amidst all, students are also finding it difficult to adjust to the new normal, which has caused feelings of anxiety, fear, distress etc in them. Keeping this in mind, this paper highlights the two major stress-busting techniques I.e., mindfulness and emotion regulation that can be used in the classroom during the new normal to restore health and well-being. The paper discusses various activities of mindfulness like five minutes of meditation, and musical drawing (Silver et al., 2017). Etc along with emotional regulation techniques such as positive reframing, kindness chain, expressing feelings (O'Neal et al., 2019) etc. |
Pages: 345-353 Sonali Saini (Department of Psychology, SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Sonepat, Haryana) Psychology is deeply concerned with the study of human behavior which analyzes the factors that lead a person to behave in a certain manner across different social occasions. It also studies the similarities and differences in human behavior that result from various social constructs. As our behavior is influenced by the thoughts behind it, it is very important to study social cognition which shapes our behavior in social settings. Though a lot of research has been done in the field of social cognition, not many of them have focused on our thoughts about those cognition, i.e., metacognition. Therefore, this paper aims at explaining the relationship between social cognition and metacognition. For this purpose, the paper has been divided into different sections. The first section of the paper gives an introduction to social cognition and metacognition; the second section describes various measurement techniques and scales use to assess metacognition and social cognition; the third section deals with their importance in various settings; and the fourth section proclaims the relationship between metacognition and social cognition. Post review, it can be concluded that though metacognition plays a primary role in the formation, explanation, and alteration of social cognition, not much research has been conducted in this field. Therefore, there is a need to conduct more research to inspect the relationship between these two constructs so that it can be further applied to various fields including education, health, development, etc. |
Pages: 354-359 Diganta Panda1, Ranajit Bera2, Ramya Ranjan Behera3, and R. Karthik4 (Rekhi Centre of Excellence for the Science of Happiness, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal1,2,3, and Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal4) The purpose of this article is to present a synopsis of the research on juvenile well-being and the usage of digital technologies. In sum, the data suggest that the consequences are generally unfavourable, but negligible. Procrastination and passive usage are associated with greater negative impacts, while social and active uses are associated with more good outcomes. Short-term indicators of hedonic well-being (such as negative affect) are more strongly affected by digital technology use than long-term eudaimonic well-being indicators (e.g., life satisfaction). Adolescents are particularly susceptible, but adults are not spared either. Evidently, low and high usage are linked to lower levels of happiness, but moderate usage is associated with higher levels of happiness. There are many gaps in the existing research that need to be filled. There is a lack of high-quality research that include large samples, objective measures of digital technology use, and experience sampling of happiness. |
Pages: 360-365 Ayushi Mishra, Richik Sil, Visha Patel, Yashaswini Devanathan, and Mahimna Vyas (Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Mumbai, Maharashtra) Duality of human nature has often been the centre of numerous works of art. However, what has been relatively hidden is the underlying duality in the makers. Starting from Greek philosopher Aretaeus of Cappadocia's notes which mention mania and melancholia as two manifestations of the same ailment in the 1st century B.C (Angst & Marneros, 2001). However, the modern conceptualization of bipolarity as a disorder was done by Emil Kraepelin (Bar & Ebert, 2010), and named it “manic-depressive insanity". One of the seminal works about the link of bipolar disorder, the manic phase to be more precise; was written by Lloyd-Evans et al. (2006) that has partly inspired this undertaking. There is a persevering belief in western communities that creativity and the manic phases of bipolar disorder are somehow linked. That has been investigated in this paper. While there are some beneficial effects of unfiltered stimuli entering brain during the manic phase on creativity, no definite causal relation between bipolar disorder and creativity has been found. |
Pages: 366-369 Thipparapu Rajesh (Department of Psychology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram) The lack of an integrative theoretical framework pushed most of the research on social media into cyclical form. This paper reviewed theories like uses and gratifications theory, social skills hypothesis and social capital hypothesis, as these theories previously guided social media research. In addition, this paper examined theories such as IPACE model, supernormal stimuli, behavioural economics, social brain hypothesis and psychological persuasion, which can provide a new perspective in understanding social media behaviour. Finally, this paper discussed the impetus for empirical research to test the validity of these theories. |
Pages: 370-375 Shubh Rana and Mahimna Vyas (Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Maharashtra) This review involves an in-depth look at the available literature on Maladaptive Daydreaming (MD), a compulsive condition of creating fake scenarios that lead to immense distress and issues in various domains of life. The fake scenarios are continuous and are initiated by music, image, and speech. Neuro-biologically, the cognitive activities associated with this condition have their bases in the default mode network of the brain. On one hand, MD promotes creativity, future planning, and self-awareness but on the other hand, it makes it hard to engage in daily activities fully by creating performance issues and distractions. Psycho-dynamically, an Ambivalent-fearful type attachment style can be seen in maladaptive daydreamers. In certain cases, this condition might take the form of celebrity worship and reality shifting. Keeping the severity and issues created by this condition in our mind, we have carefully explored the peripheral facets of Maladaptive Daydreaming to reach to its core. |
Pages: 376-378 Radha Singh1 and Preeti P. Masih2 (Department of Psychology, Bailkunthi Devi Kanya, Mahvidalya, Agra, Uttar Pradesh1, and Department of Psychology, St. John's College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh2) This study attempts to examine the relationship between depression, stress, anxiety and resilience among college students. Resilience is an effective tool to overcome the threats of life and it prepares an individual to fight with the adverse situations of life. It provides the strength and courage to face problems of life effectively. Stress adversely affects the emotions of an individual. Anxiety affects the perception, thought process and other cognitive processes of a person in a negative manner. Depression is a serious mental illness that adversely affects the life of a person leading to the development of various psychological disorders. This article indicates that there is positive correlation of students' depression with anxiety and stress but all the three mental illnesses had a negative correlation with resilience. Although through self awareness and sometimes through some tips and techniques individuals can improve their resilience. For a person to become more resilient sometimes may also need professional help. |
Pages: 379-381 Ayisha Rahna K.P. and R. Nithya (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) Tribes have their own way of life, culture, and methods of living, but despite this, they continue to face long-standing social and economic hardships. While there are growing worries about their socio-economic issues, their understanding of psychosocial issues is not thoroughly examined. The current study is conducted to identify and consolidate the psychological and social difficulties faced by tribal adolescents through existing literature.30 empirical research papers were reviewed for understanding the issues. Results revealed that tribal students are facing many psycho-social challenges in their lives. Tribal students have low levels of Self-esteem, Psychological Hardiness, Achievement needs, Social and Psychological Issues, behavioral problems, academic achievement, and self-confidence compared to their counterparts. There is a need for structuring and implementing interventions to enhance the psycho-social skills of tribal students. |
Pages: 382-384 Kalpeshkumar B. Prajapati (Industrial Training Institute, Mansa, Gujarat, Department of Employment and Training, Gujarat) Agriculture is the livelihood of the mass population of India. The agriculture sector plays a vital role in the growth of employment, GDP, national income, and the Indian economic system. Agriculture development depends on government agricultural policy. Farmer's happiness is always been the main concern of the Indian government. For agriculture development, the government has executed various schemes. MSP, eNAM, CACA, NIAM, SFAC, AGMARKNET, I-SHAKTI, ITC e-choupal, and IFFCO portal these agencies provide help to agriculture development. Minimum support prices (MSP), agricultural produce marketing committee (APMC) acts, and PM Kisan Samman Nidhi yojana, are keystones for the development of farmers. The purpose of the study is to highlight the government support in agriculture development with the help of various schemes. This paper also illustrates the importance and new developments in agricultural development with the help of government support. |
Pages: 385-389 Nivetha Shri M., M. Vinothkumar, and Anjo George (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) Everyone was isolated for a lengthy period during the COVID lockdown, which resulted in binge-watching. An alarming trend has been burgeoning among emerging adults with internet usage due to online streaming platforms such as Netflix, Hotstar, Amazon Prime, and others. Binge-watching is very popular, especially among the younger generation, and they have access to the internet regularly. People started spending their valuable time in front of screens and always watched episodes of series and shows repetitively in one sitting. This habit produced multiple negative outcomes and created an unbalance in society. People started desensitizing the value of time and started neglecting their physical and psychological health. The more binge-watching you do, the more sleep deprivation you'll have, which can lead to both mental and physical exhaustion. From a psychological point of view, there is a growing need to figure out the consequences of binge-watching and its related aspects. The major aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between binge-watching, sleep quality, and fatigue among emerging adults. A sample of 140 emerging adults aged between 18-22 were selected from various colleges located in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. The personal data sheet and standardized instruments were used to measure binge-watching, sleep quality, and fatigue. The study results showed that there is a significant relationship between binge-watching, sleep quality, and fatigue. Hence, the study results can be adopted to design certain psychological interventions to improve sleep quality and diminish binge-watching and fatigue. |
Page: 370-377 Ambika Sangwan (Government College for Girls Sector-14 Gurugram, Haryana) During this pandemic situation, trade plays the pivotal role to save lives and livelihoods. Toensure uninterrupted trade flow between nations, international co-operation is required. During this uncertain situation, action need to be taken to ensure uninterrupted flow of supply Chainse specially for products related food and health supplies, to boost confidence in trade and global markets by bringing more transparency about trade-related practices and intentions; and to avoid unnecessary export restrictions and other trade barriers. During Pre-COVID times, international trade flows of India with rest of the BRICS Nations were flourishing. Through this paper an attempt is made to study the trend of trade flows of India with rest of the world during Pre-COVID times and during present scenario. |
Pages: 95-99 Arupa Mandal and Santoshi Halder (Department of Education, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal) All over the World Indigenous knowledge plays an important role in the conservation of nature and natural resources. It passed orally from one generation to the next and continued generation-wise without any written form. In Indian Sundarbans, people use traditional knowledge to adapt themselves to this flood and cyclone-prone area. The forest-dependent people such as honey collectors, fishers, crab collectors, and forest-independent people cultivators use indigenous knowledge. But the young generation is less interested in their ancestral traditions and they disappear rapidly. The objective of this study is to find out the indigenous knowledge among school students. A quantitative research design is adopted with purposive sampling in the Sundarbans locality. Data collection was performed by telecommunication due to the COVID-19 pandemic time. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the collected data. The analysis shows that it is essential to conserve valuable Indigenous Knowledge. It needs to be present interestingly to the young generation, i.e., school students in this study. Also, Government should take initiatives to protect indigenous knowledge. |