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Pages: 74-76 Vikram Sharma (Faculty of Arts (Social Science & Humanities), Pacific University, Udaipur, Rajasthan) Partition did not bring peace to the Indian subcontinent. The first war between India and Pakistan, also known as the First Kashmir War, occurred shortly after independence. It has its beginnings in October 1947, when the prince of Kashmir, Hari Singh, reluctantly acceded his state to India as a result of the Pakistani-supported rebellion in the western part of his state. |
Pages: 52-56 Vikas Chaudhary (Department of Law, C.R. Law College, Hisar, Haryana) The Criminal Amendment Act 2005 brought fresh air to the ailing criminal justice delivery system of India plea bargaining is mutually satisfactory disposition of criminal cases where the accused plead guilty and is ready to compensate the victim in exchange of lesser punishment. The recommendations of the Law Commission of India and its 142 and 145 reports were statutory, recognized in the form of chapter XXI-A of the Crpc 1973 consisting of sections 265A to 265L by way of Criminal Law (Amendment) Act 2005. But certain safeguard was also adopted as the applicability of plea bargaining is restricted to certain offences. It is not applicable to offences punishable with imprisonment of seven years or more. It is also not applicable to offences against woman, social economic offences, offences against children. The plea bargaining shall take effect only when the consent of victim, judge and prosecutor has been obtained. The judgment is pronounced in open court. Plea bargaining also protects the rights of victims of crimes by mandating the court to pay compulsory compensation to them as soon as the plea bargaining process is complete. The plea bargaining is a new horizon in the Indian Criminal Justice System. |
Pages: 57-58 Garima Yadav (Dronacharya Govt. College, Gurgaon, Haryana) Parenting was never considered to be an essential topic of day to day conversation. With changing times and increasing demands of it, researchers globally have started to lay importance and suggest ways for healthy upbringing of children. Matter becomes grave when we are dealing with adolescents. Their own changes both physical and mental coupled with societal pressure demands better understanding and care from parents. Parents contribute hugely in bringing up healthy individuals by passing on personality traits and emotions. So it becomes vital to portray and pass on the right emotions and offer healthy parenting. Of all the innumerable emotions and virtues forgiveness is emphasized as it lays the foundation stone for a strong yet adjusting personality. |
Pages: 59-61 Rajesh Kumar (Department of History, Dravidian University, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh) The British Indian Army, was officially named just the Indian Army, and was the principal army of the British Raj in India before independence in 1947. It was responsible for the defence of both directly governed British India and the Princely states (which could also have their own armies). The Indian Army was an important part of the British Empire's forces, both in India and abroad, particularly during the First World War and the Second World War. |
Pages: 62-66 Sharmila (Department of Commerce, G.C.W., Bhodia Khera, Fatehabad, Haryana) Green marketing affects all areas of economy; it does not just lead to environment protection but it also provide a new market & job opportunities corporate that are environmental concerned. The government is also paying a key role in promoting this new kind of green revolution. Various subsidies are promised to the environment. In the last decade, people have become more aware on environmental issue as these issues influence all human activities. Reading articles in newspaper & knowing more about the environmental issues like global warming, extinct animal species, pollution & depletion of ozone umbrella, there is growing evidence that consumers have started becoming aware about the harmful effects of human activities on the environment. The present paper reviews different reasons for using green marketing in firms and the problems associated with it. |
Pages: 67-70 Amit Sindhu (Independent Scholar, Management, Bahadurgarh, Haryana) The behaviour that a consumer displays in searching for, purchasing, using, evaluating and disposing of products and services that they expect shall satisfy their needs is at the centre of the concept of consumer behaviour in the context of marketing (Leon et al., 2008). The product and the brand which can stand firmly and mitigate all the challenges posed by these market forces and can effectively deal with such situations using modern day tools of marketing, can only create its own place and space in the minds and hearts of consumers and there by establish itself in the market. The present paper reviews factors affecting consumer behaviour in advertisement. |
Pages: 71-73 Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare Officer, Hisar, Haryana) Cyber age technology has made its presence in various fields. It has made revolution in industries, education, research and entertainment. Fast cars, loud music, fashionable appearance, body image, laptop and palmtop, advanced technology mobile phones etc. are the common characteristics of adolescents in today's cyber age. Today, cyber technology mainly affecting young generation in the form of internet addiction, cyber sex, early exposure to pornography, violent video games etc. which result in many problematic behaviors. An attempt has been made in the present paper to emphasize how cyber age technology affecting adolescents. |
Pages: 74-78 Amit Sindhu (Independent Scholar, Management, Bahadurgarh, Haryana No one can imagine the marketing world, the media and the marketing mix of any marketing endeavour without the sufficient dose of advertisements. The importance of this tool of marketing is gaining importance beyond any comparison. The advertising budget, the people, the thought content, the literary interface involved in advertisements of today compels one to ponder over the efficacy and real impact of these advertisements and their respective messages. The ad sequences enacted by known or unknown actors and models, the transmission of desired message in innovative and unique styles, the separate segments of art and creative directors and their teams, toiling hard to think and come out with something new and fresh creates a distinct and special sphere and aura of creativity in ads. The present paper reviews effective models of advertisement in today's marketing. |
Pages: 79-80 Vikas Singh (Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi) The present study attempts to achievement motivation among female volleyball players. The main objective was to compare the achievement motivation of female players at inter-college and inter-university level. The sample was comprised of 60 volleyball players (30 inter-college and 30 inter-university players). The Achievement Motivation Questionnaire developed by Ray was used to measure achievement motivation among the female players at college and university level. T-test was used to analyze the results. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in achievement motivation among inter-college and inter-university female volleyball players. |
Pages: 81-82 Dhirender Kaim and Meenakshi Yadav (D.P.E.S.S. University of Delhi, Delhi) Many parents enroll their children in sports to build their child's character and self-esteem. Self-esteem is the feeling of self-worth that determines how valuable and competent we feel. Sports experiences can positively affect self-esteem.Students experiences in sports can affect their self-esteem. Relationships with parents, coaches and teammates can all affect self-esteem. A positive self-esteem is key to psychological well-being. Students who have a positive self-esteem are better able to cope with wins and losses in life. These enhanced coping skills can translate into lifetime benefits such as: reduced anxiety, a more optimistic outlook on life, and fewer interpersonal problems, less chance of conforming to social pressure, a better body image, being less likely to engage in risky behaviors, such as drug use. Self-esteem can be enhanced by positive experiences in sports. Students self-esteem can be improved by being good at sports . Coaches, families and teammates can bolster an athlete's self-esteem by creating a supportive environment that celebrates the students skill development and includes positive social relationships. Ensuring that all students experience some form of success and acknowledging these successesgivingstudents responsibilities and leadership opportunities on the team. Some of the following strategies can be used for students: encourage them to focus on the team and their personal game highlight rather than on whether the team won or lost, help them experience the fun in playing sports such as being part of a team, making new friends, travelling to other communities, learning new skills and getting some physical activity! Sports can have a positive impact on studentself-esteem. |
Pages: 83-85 Harpreet Kaur (Department of Physical Education, University of Delhi, Delhi) Lalit Sharma (IGIPESS, University of Delhi, Delhi) The meaning of Emotional Intelligence continues to develop over the years. In 1997, Salovey and Mayer refined their definition as: “the ability to process emotional information, more specifically an ability to recognize the meanings of emotions and their relationships, as well as being able to reason and problem-solve on the basis of them. Emotional intelligence (EI) is the ability, capacity, skill; or, in the case of the trait EI model, a self-perceived ability to identify, assess, and controls the emotions of oneself, of others and of group. Substantial disagreement exists regarding the definition of EI, with respect to both terminology and operationalizations. The definitions are so varied, and the field is growing so rapidly, that researchers are constantly re-evaluating even their own definitions of the construct. Currently, there are three main models of EI, i.e. Ability EI model, mixed models of EI (usually subsumed under trait EI) and Trait EI model. The Components of Emotional Intelligence described by various psychologists are Self-Awareness, Self-Regulation, Motivation, Empathy and Social Skill. Emotional intelligence is made up of layers of emotional memory held within our mind and body. Our body and unconscious mind hold most of our 'intelligence'. The unconscious mind is an enormous storage place for learnt information about us and the world. We are conscious of some emotions and thoughts however there is a great deal of how we feel that is unconscious. That is why we often feel overwhelmed and do not know why and that is also why emotional intelligence is not as straight forward as it may seem. An important and perhaps unrecognized aspect of emotional intelligence is exactly this. Low emotional intelligence is the answer why! You may have even experienced frustrating low emotional intelligence within yourself. Have you wondered why even though you know the way you are reacting to your partner is sabotaging your relationship you continue to do it? Or have you experienced being at the end of your wits when you know you want to loose weight but you continue to eat the wrong foods or resist exercise? Again, it is low emotional intelligence that manifests from unconscious patterns that are at the base of these problems. Remember low emotional intelligence does not mean that you're not smart Low emotional intelligence simply means that the unconscious patterns learnt from childhood are sabotaging your freedom to choose thoughts, feelings and actions that increase your personal peace and happiness. Hence the importance or EI ca not be denied which includes, Knowing our own emotions, Managing your own emotions, Motivating ourselves, Recognizing and influencing others' emotions, Handling relationship, Emotional self-control, Motivation, Understanding others, Influencing, Communication, Leadership, Building bonds, Collaboration and cooperation, Team capabilities, Accurate self-assessment, Self-confidence, Achievement drive and Commitment. Hence it can be concluded that emotional intelligence will help to achieve the optimum utilization of the competencies and abilities to achieve success in every sphere of life. |
Pages: 86-87 Dhirender Kaim and Meenakshi Yadav ( D.P.E.S.S. University of Delhi, Delhi) Women and girls continue to encounter inequalities and deprivations in their daily lives, which prevent them from contributing toward both the creation of more equitable societies and sustainable development within their communities and beyond. Sport and physical activity have not yet been used on a large scale as a strategy within women's movements. women face many barriers to participating in sports, which prevent women and girls from reaping the many benefits that can be gained from playing sports and engaging in physical activity. Promoting girls' and women's involvement in sports is an important tool in gender equality and women's empowerment and, more broadly, in development and social change. The present paper reviews contribution of sports in empowering women's life. |
Pages: 88-91 Sushma (Department of Law, Panjab University Chandigarh ) Law is one of the forms of social science. Social science exists because of law. The society and the law are very closely related to each other. The social world changes every second. These changes occur because of the contrasting views in the minds of the indigenous people. We cannot expect laws that were constituted a decade before to be applicable in the current scenario. Therefore changes in law bring out the positivity and brighter side of social change and shun the negativity that is still incorporated in our societies, fulfilling the social needs of the people. Law is centered in different social institutions, socio-economic networks, social processes etc. These social factors influence the procedure of law. Law at the same time can also change norms in various ways. For example, the legal abolition of untouchability in India, has been one of the many attempts to change a long standing social norm but unfortunately it has not yet succeeded due to the lack of social support by the masses. The term 'social change' talks about the changes that take place in human interactions and inter-relations. It also describes the different changes that take place in various social institutions, social processes, social organizations etc., including the alterations in the structure and functions of the society. |
Pages: 92-96 Pradeep Kumar (Advocate, District Courts, Sirsa, Haryana ) The year 1991 witnesses a big push being given to liberalization and reforms in Indian financial sector . For sometime thereafter, the volume of business in the primary and secondary securities markets increased significantly. As a part of the same reform process ,the globalization of the Indian financial system made it vulnerable to external shocks. The multi crores securities scam rocked the Indian Finance System in 1992.All these developments impressed on the authorities the need to have in place a vigilant regulatory body .It was felt that the then existing regulatory framework was fragmented ill coordinated and inadequate and that there was a need for an autonomous, statutory .integrated organization to ensure the smooth functioning of the Indian Finance System .The Securities And Exchange Board of India (SEBI) came into being in response to these requirements. |
Pages: 97-100 Jasveer (Department of Physical Education, S.J.K. College, Kalanaur, Rohtak, Haryana) Dheeraj Sangwan (Department of Physical Education, Ahir College Rewari, Haryana) Dheeraj Sangwan (Department of Physical Education, Ahir College Rewari, Haryana) "Physical activity," "exercise," and "physical fitness" are terms that describe different concepts. However, they are often confused with one another, and the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. This paper proposes definitions to distinguish them. Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure. The energy expenditure can be measured in kilocalories. Physical activity in daily life can be categorized into occupational, sports, conditioning, household, or other activities. Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as a final or an intermediate objective the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness. Physical fitness is a set of attributes that are either health- or skill-related. The degree to which people have these attributes can be measured with specific tests. These definitions are offered as an interpretational framework for comparing studies that relate physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness to health. "Cardiovascular fitness can be defined as the ability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to supply fuel in the form of nutrients and oxygen during sustained physical exercise." A desirable level of cardiovascular fitness is thought to be the most important component of health related fitness. This is because life depends on the ability of the heart, blood vessels and lunges to deliver nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and to remove wastes via the blood. As a result, exercise has three basic objectives: to enable the lungs to process more air with less effort; to strengthen the heart so that it can pump more blood with fewer strokes; and to increase the elasticity, resilience and internal diameter of the blood vessels so they can manage the grater workloads more efficiently. Cardiovascular fitness evaluations 1. 1 ½ mile running test, 2. The Bench Step Test. Health related fitness requires desirable levels of cardiovascular fitness, percentage body fat, flexibility and muscular strength and endurance. These help to prevent the incidence and severity of degenerative types of disease and increase work efficiency. |
Pages: 101-103 Rooplal Malik (Department of Psychology, Pt. C.L.S . Govt. P.G. College Karnal ) Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare Officer, Hisar, Haryana) Stress is a normal psychological and physical reaction to the ever increasing demands of life. In looking at the causes of stress, remember that your brain comes hard-wired with an alarm system for your protection. When your brain perceives a threat, it signals your body to release a burst of hormones to fuel your capacity for a response. This has been labeled the "fight-or-flight" response. Once the threat is gone, your body is meant to return to a normal relaxed state. Unfortunately, the nonstop stress of modern life means that your alarm system rarely shuts off. That's why stress management is so important. Stress management gives you a range of tools to reset your alarm system. Without stress management, all too often your body is always on high alert. Over time, high levels of stress lead to serious health problems. Don't wait until stress has a negative impact on your health, relationships or quality of life. The present article reviews job stress, causes of stress, organizational stressors, occupational stress and its causes, and the coping strategies at individual and organizational level on how to control stress. |
Pages: 104-110 Neha (HR Executive, Integreon Managed Solutions Pvt. Ltd.) Psychological-Type was the brain-child of Swiss psychiatrist, philosopher and humanist, Dr. Carl Jung, who uncovered these innate biases in his therapeutic work, a complete theory of which he published in his book Psychological Types, in 1921. It was the ingenuity of American mother-daughter team Katharine Briggs and Isabel Myers (1897-1980) that codified Jung's theory into a practical and usable format. Myers and Briggs developed the 4-letter code system we use today and although Jung had implicitly recognized the extraverted and introverted attitudes that mental processes could assume, their critical addition of the Judging/Perceiving dichotomy refined Jung's observations into a consistent and elegant system. |
Pages: 111-116 Chander Mukhy (Independent Scholar Commerce, Rohtak) Supriya Dhankar (Independent Scholar Commerce, Rohtak) The stock market efficiency describes how effectively investor expectations are translated in security prices. In other words, in a perfectly efficient market all securities are correctly priced. There are no under or over priced securities. In this research paper, an attempt has been made to examine the stock market efficiency in weak form by keeping the discussion a realistically logical and simple. The main purpose of this study is to make an analysis of monthly stock prices. The sample for this study consists of 152 companies of Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE's) has taken for best representation. To get the good conclusion of the study all companies are taken on random basis. Data related to ten years starting from the 1st January 1998 to 31st December 2007 is taken to make the study effective. It is examine with the help of non parametric test-Runs test. The results of runs test suggest that, in general, successive price changing appear random in the most of the stocks and suggests the existence of no pattern in aggregate monthly price movements. |
Pages: 117-122 Neha (HR Executive, Integreon Managed Solutions Pvt. Ltd.) To survive, compete and grow in the world of heightened competition in the 21st century, knowledge has emerged as most critical competence for any business. Knowledge based economy is the new economy with new rules and new ways of doing business. Knowledge has become the most crucial resource and how an organization manages its knowledge resource, makes all the strategic difference in an economy where the only certainty is uncertainty and the one core source of lasting competitive advantage is knowledge. Successful companies in the 21st century shall be those that consistently create new knowledge, disseminate it widely throughout the organization and quickly embody it in new technologies and products. |
Pages: 123-124 Narender (Independent Scholar, Physical Education, Hisar, Haryana) The present study attempts to examine adjustment level of physical education and other students of Kurukshetra university students. The sample was comprised of 292 students (164 physical education and 128 other students) from Kurukshsetra University, Haryana. The Adjustment Inventory by Dr. A.K.P. Sinha and Dr. R.P. Singh was used to adjustment level of the students. T-test was used to analyze the results. The obtained results indicated that there was no significant difference in the level of physical education students and other students of the universities. The results are discussed with previous studies. |
Pages: 125-128 Supriya Dhankar (Independent Scholar, Commerce, Rohtak) Neelam (Department of Psychologist, BPS Govt. Medical College, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat) Chander Mukhi (Independent Scholar, Commerce) Sanjeet Kumari (Independent Scholar, Commerce) Present study is an attempt to study the perceived stress of employees across the different designation and different industrial categories among the 204 employees of different cadre working in different private and public sector organization of Haryana state. The detailed questionnaire was used to collect data. Statistical methods like Mean, Standard Deviation,'t' test and ANOVA were used to analyzed the data. The result revealed that there is no significant difference on the different stress factors influencing employees between the different levels. It was also found that there is no significant difference on the different stress factors influencing employees between the different industries. However, null hypothesis is rejected in case of demand role and change indicating that significance difference exists in stress factors influencing employees between the different industrial categories. So the second null hypothesis is rejected on all dimensions except demand role and change dimensions. |
Pages: 129-133 Narender (Independent Scholar, Physical Education, Hisar, Haryana) The present study examined speed ability, strength ability, endurance of physical fitness and flexibility of physical fitness among volleyball and basketball game players of Hisar, Haryana. The study was comprised of 50 sports persons of District Hisar, who had participated at least District Level Tournaments of Volleyball and Basketball games. The subjects were in the age group of 15-19 years. Out of total sample of 50 players, 25 were volleyball and 25 were of basketball game. T-test was used to analyze the results. The findings indicated that there was a significant difference in speed, strength, endurance and flexibility component in volleyball and basketball players. |
Pages: 134-137 Sandeep Kumar (Department of Geography, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana) Manju Sharma (Department of Geography, D.N.P.G. College, Hisar, Haryana) Urbanization is unavoidable phenomena in World. In India, 31.16 percent population lives in urban areas, as per 2011 Census. Rapid urbanization within rapid population growth through economic development causes unsystematic and unplanned growth of cities in developing countries. Rapid population growth, which is mainly due to the migration, in cities creates many problems to human being. Sonipat city is no exception in this view because of its prime setting on N.H.1 and its easy accessibility and connectivity to both National Capital of Delhi and Union Territory of Chandigarh. The pressure of a rapidly growing urban population in the city has a direct impact on the surrounding rural agricultural land. Sprawl is based on satellite imagery of Google Earth (2002 and 2011), Toposheet 1968 and town directory map, Haryana (1981 and 1991) obtained from census of India. Census data have been used to analyses the latest scenario of population growth and urban sprawl at different time periods. The paper also reveals the potential of Geospatial Technology to analyze the direction of urban growth and their consequences in surrounding rural area. |
Pages: 138-140 Dinesh Kumar (Independent Scholar, Geography, Ch. Dadri, Haryana) Pawan Kumar (Department of Geography, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi) Sandeep Kumar (Department of Geography, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana) The large scale regional inequalities persist in women status India, few states are having quite respectable status of the women, rest are having very pathetic and miserable situation. The status of women and child health is very deprived in the India even less than few developed countries. India basically lacking in the Health infrastructure and trained man powers both More than 80 percent of pregnant women are suffering from anaemia which is the mother of the all women and child health problems. Despite of large welfare and equity policies a large scale regional disparities still persist at state level in case of both women and children. Human resource development of the country will be one of the important thrust and priority area of the government with having universal coverage and equal access. |
Pages: 141-144 Subhash Chander, A.P. (MHD College of Education for Women, Odhan, Sirsa, Haryana) The present investigation was conducted to get insight into homework stress among secondary school students. The study was carried out in Sirsa district on a sample of 50 boys and 50 girl students. To collect the data a questionnaire was developed by the investigator. For analysis of the data only percentages were calculated and interpreted. The findings revealed that they may become imbalanced, inferior, feel fear, remains out of class, angry and tired due to huge quantity of homework. |