Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 877-883
Sukhmani Pal and Rupali Bhardwaj (Department of Psychology, Kamala Nehru College, University of Delhi, New Delhi)

The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between personality variables of introversion/extraversion, stress and coping resources in women. A purposive sample of 112 married women working in the corporate sector,in the age range of 25yrs-55yrs, living in Delhi/NCR were selected. Eysenck's Maudsley Personality Inventory (1956), Perceived stress scale by Cohen (1983), and Coping Resource Inventory by Marting and Hammer (1987) were used to collect data. Statistical analysis was done using independent t- test and correlation coefficient. The results obtained suggest that introverts experience more stress than extroverts. A significant difference between the two was obtained with respect to the stress experienced by them. However no significant difference was found between introverts and extroverts in terms of coping resources. An inverse relationship between stress and coping resources (& its dimensions) was found among introverts.

Pages: 889-892
Ayesha Zafar (Department of Clinical Psychology, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan)
Saira Majid (Applied Psychologist, Pakistan)

The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of depression, anxiety, stress and demographic variables among caretakers of terminally ill patients and their attitudes towards euthanasia. The terminal illness for the present study was Cancer. A sample of 60 caretakers (Men=30, Women=30) of terminally ill patients was collected from Mayo Hospital, Lahore respectively. The age range was from 15 to 60 years. The two questionnaires Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and Euthanasia Attitude Scale were used and administered individually. To fulfill the objectives of the study Pearson Product Moment Correlation, Multiple Regression and Independent t-test were used. Purposive sampling was used in the current study. Results revealed that anxiety and attitudes towards euthanasia had positive moderate correlation. Multiple Regression analysis showed impact of depression and stress on attitudes of caregivers of terminally ill patients towards euthanasia. Independent Sample t-test indicated that there was no gender difference in attitudes of caretakers of terminally ill patients towards euthanasia.

Pages: 897-902
Anita Sharma and Isha Jaswal (Department of Psychology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh)

The aim of the present study was to find out the relationship between Big-Five and Privacy Concerns among 200 students of Himachal Pradesh University (H.P.U.) within the age range of 21-30 years. Data were evaluated in terms of Correlation and Regression analysis. The analysis has revealed that for males sample Agreeableness has contributed the maximum variance of 18% followed by Conscientiousness (5%), explaining a total variance of 23%. In females sample, the maximum variance is explained by Conscientiousness (12%), followed by Extraversion (10%) and Openness (4%), explaining a total variance of 26%. The results have shown the commonness of one variable, i.e., Conscientiousness in predicting the relationship in both the genders.

Pages: 909-912
S. Srividya ( Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

Swachh Bharat (Clean India) is one of the missions of Government of India with the goal of achieving universal sanitation coverage. The mission involves participation of people across all walks of life in both urban and rural areas. The role of youth in the Clean India particularly, is significant as it involves a change in the perception of hygiene and sanitation. The paper presents a case study of how the Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation (CCMC) evolved a project involving youth in accomplishing the goals of Swachh Bharat.

Pages: 920-924
Aayush Kumar (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

Cognitive Behavior Therapy is an intensive, short-term, problem-oriented approach designed to be quick, practical and goal-oriented and to provide people with long-term skills to keep them healthy and help them in dealing with a wide range of mental health difficulties. The HIV positive patients experience a wide range of mental health difficulties like depression, anxiety, fear, hopelessness, suicidal ideation, rejection, loneliness, alienation etc. They are in greater need of psychological help and support. The present articles revealed that cognitive and behavioral therapy have demonstrated to be effective in reducing HIV risk behaviors, improving physical and mental health outcomes and adherence among HIV positive people.

Pages: 928-933
Sangeeta Trama and Navreet Cheema (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab)

Transcendental meditation refers to a specific form of mantra meditation called the transcendental technique and an organization called meditation movement. The transcendental meditation technique and its movement were introduced in India in the mid 1960 by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi (1918-2008). Transcendental meditation is a systematic technique that allows mental activity to settle down to a silent state of awareness where the mind is calm, collected, yet fully awake. This state is the simplest form of human awareness. It is pure consciousness, a state of “self-referral” awareness open only to its own full potential. The transcendental meditation technique involves the use of a sound or mantra, and is practiced for 15-20 minutes twice per day sitting comfortably with the closed eyes. It is said to be a means of relaxation and stress reduction. A surface definition of transcendental meditation pictures it as natural practice of relaxation of 20 minutes period twice each day. During the process, one repeats the words, known as mantra, in such a way that its rhythmic repetitions aid the relaxation effort. Transcendental meditation has its roots in Hinduism. All of its teachings about reality, God, Man, salvation are from the Vedas. The inclusion of the ritualistic initiation ceremony and the use of the secret mantra in transcendental meditation are in beeping with the mystical practices of the cults of the East. Maharishi explains the benefits of the technique in religious rather than scientific language. It is manifestly evident that transcendental meditation is religious in nature because of the ideas upon which the technique is built. Its theological pre-suppositions are those of Hinduism. Clinical studies have suggested that transcendental meditation helps reducing blood pressure (Brook et al., 2013); anxiety (Paradies, 2006); and promotes cognitive performance (Shapiro & Walsh, 2003); self-actualization (Walsh, 2007); positive personality growth (Shapiro & Walsh, 2009).Thus, it is evident from above that transcendental meditation may have far-reaching beneficial effects on wellbeing-related outcomes of individuals, groups, and institutions. Hence, spiritual practices such as transcendental meditation must be promoted right from childhood to facilitate the development of a healthy, mature personality.

Pages: 937-939
Renuka Joshi and Anjali Sharma (Department of Psychology, D.A.V. P.G. College, Dehradun)

The present study was conducted to determine the level of achievement motivation and aptitude of adolescents in reference to introversion and extroversion personality type. The study was comprised of 120 adolescents, age group ranging from 16-18 years from pine hall school Dehradun. It was equally divided into a group of Extraversion and Intraversion of personality traits of Boys and girls. DBDA-NA and DBDA-MA (1992) Aptitude test of Sanjay Vohra was used to study numerical and mechanical aptitude of subject. The Neymen-kohilstedt Diagonistic test by Dr. Jai prakash was administered to assess personality pattern of the subject. Achievement motivation scale by prof. Prathiba Deo and Asha Mohan (2011) was used to know the level of achievement motivation among adolescents. Result revealed that the introverts are higher in achievement motivation scale than the extroverts. It also provides a better understanding of the concept that gender difference also affects numerical and mechanical ability of the subject and lastly achievement motivation scale will be positively correlated with numerical and mechanical ability.

Pages: 943-945
Suman (Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)
Sunita Malhotra (Department of Psychology and Dean of Academic Welfare Affairs, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak)

Self-efficacy beliefs regulate cognition, emotion and behaviors of individuals. Considering these principles and consequences it is assumed that the notion of self-efficacy has an influence on mood especially on depression, which further channelize mental health. The present study focused on examining the relationships between self-efficacy and symptoms of depression or occurrence of depression, in a sample of (n=100) non-psychiatric (normal) individuals. The sample comprised of 50 females and 50 males (young adults) from distinct work areas of Gurgaon on the basis of availability. Participants were administered measures of Beck Depression Inventory-II and General Self-efficacy scale. It has been hypothesized that there would be a significant correlation exists on depression and self-efficacy variable. Pearson product moment correlation was computed as methods of analysis. Consequences exhibited that there is a highly significant and negative relationship between self-efficacy, and depression. The sense of self-efficacy beliefs influenced mood of an individual, which play a significant role in occurrence of depression and its symptoms appearance. So individuals who scores low on self-efficacy measure generally inclines to some mental health problems such as emotional or mood problems especially depression.

Pages: 949-951
Anju Nagaur and Pallavi Bhatnagar (Department Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)

Earthquake is most unpredictable and destructive natural disaster. It causes damage to infrastructure, settlements, transport and communication networks as well as loss of life and leaves people shattered and distressed. On 25 April 2015 earthquake tremors jolted the city of Lucknow at the intensity of 7.1 Richter scale, leaving the people shocked and compel to stand in open places for hours. The present study attempts to explore the understanding of earthquake and the amount of psychological distress it causes. A random sample of 90 residents in three age groups from the multistory buildings, and crowded areas of Lucknow served as the sample. They were assessed on Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and an interview schedule. The results found gender difference on psychological distress but no significant difference was found across the different age groups.

Pages: 958-961
Harpreet Kaur (Department of Education, Sewa Devi S.D. College of Education, Tarantaran, Punjab)
Manpreet Kaur (Department of Education and Community Service, Punjabi University, Patiala)

The study examined peer influence among university students. The sample in the study was 198 university students were selected randomly. Peer influence scale prepared by (Singh, 2014) consisted of 40 items was used to find peer influence. The descriptive statistics (mean, median, mode & t-test) were used to analyse the data. The results revealed that there is no significant mean difference in peer influence in relation to hostellers and non-hostellers, locale and stream of study but significant gender mean difference was found in peer influence. The results of study revealed that there is significant interaction between gender & hostellers and non-hostellers on peer influence. On the basis of findings, it is suggested that there is a need to develop strong communication of parents with their children and parent-child relationship should be cordial enough to permit youths to discuss their problems with their parents.

Pages: 966-969
Dhruv Sharma and Kuljit Kumar (Department of Orthopedics, ESIC Medical, College and Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana)
Laxmi Sharma (Department of Physiotherapy, Holy Family Hospital, New Delhi)
Neha Yadav (Department of Dermatology, ESIC PGIMER Basaidarapur, New Delhi)

Contrast bath is commonly used therapy in plantar fascitis. However there is no standard regimen followed as to the order and time ratio of hot and cold fomentation. This study was conducted to establish a standard hot: cold fomentation ratio to achieve maximum efficacy of contrast bath in plantar fascitis. 75 patients of plantar fasciitis were equally divided into three groups, A: 3 cycles of alternate 3 minutes hot fomentation and 1 minute of cold fomentation, B: hot fomentation for 3 minutes followed by 1 minute cold fomentation followed by a sustained 12 minutes of hot fomentation and C: cold fomentation for 5 minutes followed by 21/2 minutes of hot and again 5 minutes cold fomentation. Thrice daily regimen was followed. VAS score was used to note the initial pain, pain relief at 1 week and 1 month. The mean pain value in group A was 7.52±1.27 SD on initial evaluation, was 6.32±1.31 SD at 1 week and 2.8±1.42 SD at 1 month. Respective values in group B was 6.8±1.37 SD, 5.8±1.25 SD and 2.6±1.31 SD and in group C was 7.81±1.43 SD, 6.37±1.09 SD and 3.1±1.49 SD. In plantar fascitis, only temperature fluctuations at subcutaneous level are required to bring a local pumping effect. This needs only alternation of hot and cold fomentation, the order of fomentation and time duration of each cycle is not specific. No time ratio is superior to another.

Pages: 973-975
Manasvee Dubey and O. P. Sharma (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

The present study is examine the relationship between body image and self-Esteem and Psychological well-being among old age. The sample comprise 200 old age people between age group 65 years and above in Jaipur Rural and Urban Areas(Rajasthan).. The participants were administered the body image scale by Chouhan and Surana, Verma and Verma (1989), General Well-being Scale was used to assess well-being, Self-esteem Scale by Prasad and Thakur (1977) was used to assess self-esteem. Statistical analysis included Mean, SD, coefficient correlation (Product moment correlation). The finding reveled that there is a significant negative correlation between Body image and Self Esteem and significant positive correlation between Body Image and Psychological Well-being among old age people.

Pages: 982-987
Neelika Arora and Pallavi Bhagat (Department of HRM and OB, Central University of Jammu, Jammu)

Well being is a slippery idea, however a captivating part of our lives, one that the majority of us take a stab at in consistently in our life and which empowers us to thrive if accomplished. Well being is a concept that is used to describe the quality of lives. Well being has been used synonymously for the terms like “happiness”, “quality of life” and life satisfaction. Well being has become a very extensively used topic in scholarly writings. It covers “physical, social, mental and emotional” aspects . It gained the interest of researchers and scholars due to some reasons like the experiences of employees at work have some impact on the employees; employees deficient in well being can lead to absenteeism, low performance, lowering of decision making capacity. This paper aims to track the emergence of well being at workplace.