Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 988-990
Priyamvada Tiwari (Department of Psychology, Sri Agrasen Kanya P.G. College, Varanasi)
Madhu Asthana (Rtd. Principal, Sri Agrasen Kanya, P.G. College, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

Domestic Violence and Suicidal Ideation are significant causes of deaths among women in India. The majority of victims were found to be young women, mostly killed by burning or strangulation methods. The most frequently reported motive was doing way demands followed by a history of domestic violence or harassment and family conflict. The findings highlight the need for stronger prevention/intervention programs in India to identify and intervene with women at high risk for being killed and/or committing suicide. Suicidal ideation and domestic violence are one of the most important contributors to the global burden of decease among women, but little is known about prevalence and modifiable risk factors in low and middle income countries from WHO multi-country women to examine the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and attempts.

Pages: 996-1003
Avantika Puri (Psychologist and Behavioral Skills Trainer Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)
Ritu Sharma (Psychologist, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)

Recent studies of Internet influence on behavioral disorders of its users have created quite a polarized ambience. On the one hand, there are those who believe that the Internet is a new better medium for enabling various patterns of communication and social relations. On the other hand, others maintain that Internet use can lead to social isolation and other forms of psychological disorders, like depression and loneliness. Internet is expected to become a basic form of social interaction in the near future, and consequently one of the major factors of socialization and constitution of one's psychological identity. Due to that fact, the aim of this work is to indicate methodological and conceptual flaws of the studies which have attempted to make a connection between mood disorders and the Internet, so as to establish the base for future studies of the psychological consequences of Internet development. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between internet addiction and depression, loneliness, and social isolation. Participants were 100 senior secondary students in the age group 16-18 years (50 Males & 50 Females) who were enrolled in High School in and around South Delhi, in India. In this study, three hypothesis were formulated and tested using Pearson`s Correlation method, t-test and multiple regression. Tests like the Internet Addiction Test, UCLA, Beck Depression Inventory and Social Isolation Scale were used. The study found internet addiction was positively related to depression, loneliness and social isolation. However there was no gender difference observed in the present study related to internet addiction, depression, loneliness and social isolation. The conclusion is that increased internet usage results in psychological problems like depression, social isolation and loneliness amongst adolescents. It is recommended thus that the usage of internet should be limited by the adolescents so as to prevent psychological symptoms to take form.

Pages: 1008-1112
Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj (Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)

The movement by the people from one place to another with the intention to settle down temporary or permanently in the new location is called human migration. The present study is an attempt to make a comparative analysis of well-being, personality, and coping in migrants and non migrants. For this purpose a sample of 100 migrants who were the original residents of Kashmir but after forced migration moves towards various migrant camps in Jammu and 100 non migrants original residents of Jammu have been taken. Friedman well-being scale, Neo-FFI, and way of coping (Lazarus) were used the measure the above variables. Descriptive statistic (mean; standard deviations) t- ratios and Discriminant function analysis were computed to compare the two groups in terms of significance of mean differences. Results clearly shows that there are significant differences in well- being, personality and coping of migrants and non- migrants.

Pages: 1017-1020
Ranjana (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra Universit, Kurukshetra, Haryana)

Emotions are great motivating forces throughout the span of human life; affecting aspirations, actions and thoughts of an individual and one requires a higher emotional maturity to lead a happy and effective life. It is very important to study the emotional aspects of adolescents as they lead their normal lives. The current study was planned to analyze the relationship between emotional maturity and general health factors. The sample consists of 144 adolescents studying in class XI and XII, taken from private schools in Haryana. 'Emotional maturity scale' (Yashvir Singh & Mahesh Bhargava 1984).was administered on the selected sample to assess emotional maturity and General health questionnaire (GHQ 60-Goldberg-1967), was used for measuring various health related dimensions of these adolescents. The data were analyzed by using Pearson's Product Moment correlation and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that (i) Emotional instability, emotional regression, Social Maladjustment, personality disintegration and lack of independence, all the five dimensions of Emotional Maturity have significant positive correlations with sleep, social functioning. Anxiety and depression (ii) Stepwise regression analysis revealed two predictors of health i.e. Personality Disintegration and Emotional Instability.

Pages: 1024-1026
Rajesh Kumar (Department of Psychology, Government College, Behrampurm, Bapauli, Panipat, Haryana)

The present study was an attempt to investigate the relationship and significance of mean difference between emotional intelligence and personality among adolescents. The sample of 200 adolescents of IX and X classes with age range between 14 to 16 years who were administered psychological tests i.e. Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (Schutte et al., 1998) and Personality Test, NEO-PI-R (Costa & McCrea, 1992). Product Moment Method was used to see the relationships between Emotional intelligence and personality. Results reveal that Emotional intelligence is significantly positive correlated with all five factors of personality except neuroticism. To see the significant mean difference, t- test was used. Result shows that Boys and Girls are significantly differ on emotional intelligence, and neuroticism, extra version and openness the measures of personality.

Pages: 1029-1032
Samreet Kaur and Jatinder Kaur Gulati (Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana)
Sonreet Kaur (School of Bussiness Studies, Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana)

This study entitled aimed to assess the “Gender differences in psychological well being of elderly parents living in two different settings i.e. those with children and in empty nest families. The sample included 60 elderly couples selected from middle income families of Ludhiana City . The results revealed that elderly women in both the settings were more prone to psychological problems than elderly men. However, the problems were more severe among elderly in empty nest families than those living with children. The elderly mothers in empty nests suffered from all types of psychological problems at significantly higher rate as compared to those living in full nest, except sensitivity. However, sensitivity was found to be the major problem in women but it was equally highest in both the settings. It shows that psychological health of mothers was more affected by their children leaving the home as compared to the fathers.

Pages: 1036-1038
Rachana Kumari (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi)
Anjana Mukhopadhyay (Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi)

Trauma can be caused by an overwhelmingly negative event that causes a lasting impact on the victim's mental and emotional stability. Many sources of trauma are physically violent in nature, while others are psychological. Reactions to traumatic events vary from individual to individual as the appraisal of the traumatic event and the ability to cope with it often differs across individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the coping patterns of the patients with post traumatic symptoms. Results highlight the coping patterns of trauma affected subjects. Present investigation included 10 PTSD patients and 10 normal adult (18 to 40 years) subjects. Sample included both male and female hospitalized cases from various Trauma Centres of Varanasi. The level of the trauma symptoms was assessed with the PTSD checklist-civilian version. The level of coping pattern was assessed with the Coping Strategies Scale. As hypothesized the coping strategies of PTSD patients reported higher score on avoidance coping strategies than their normal subject counterparts.

Pages: 1042-1047
Vijaita Mahendra (Clinical Psychologist, Temple University, Washington, USA)
Geetika Agarwal (Psychologist, Bangalore, Karnataka)

Thousands of immigrants come to the United States (U.S.) on employment visas but accompanying dependents cannot work. This study assessed, (a) effect of Employment Restricting Visas (ERVs) on the quality of life and the mental health of dependent-visa holders, (b) moderating effect of resilience, coping, and Time Since Immigration (TSI), and (c) unique variance accounted for by resilience and coping in relationships between visa group and TSI with outcome variables. 57 individuals on ERVs and 46 on non-ERVs participated in this study. The mean age was 29.5 years. Analyses were conducted using t-tests, correlational and regression analyses. The results of the ERV group demonstrated a lower life satisfaction and higher scores on disability, depression and anxiety. Significant correlations and variance were demonstrated between resilience and maladaptive coping and the outcome variables. Moderation results were not significant. The study discusses how the restriction from employment mimics the psychological impact of unemployment. However, resilience and maladaptive coping play important roles. Policy initiatives from government and community outreach programs are needed and highlighted.

Pages: 1052-1057
Namita Mohanty and Manoranjan Nayak (Department of Psychology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha)

The present study aimed at finding out the role of Gender and SES on achievement motivation, self-esteem and adjustment problems of adolescents. A 2(Gender) ×2 (SES) factorial design was used to conduct the research. A total number of one hundred and twenty students, including 60 boys and 60 girls, studying in class IX and X of Odia medium schools from rural Odisha were administered the Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic Status Scale (Kuppuswamy, 1976). On the basis of their scores on the scale, 29 boys and 26 girls belonged to High SES group and 31 boys and 34 girls fell into Low SES group. Rao's Achievement Motivation Test (Rao, 1974), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), and The School Adjustment Inventory (Sinha & Singh, 1971) were administered on the subjects. Results revealed significant effect of Gender on all the three variables. Even though boys had higher achievement motivation, they had lower self-esteem and more adjustment problems compared to that of the girls. Inter-correlation among self-esteem, achievement motivation and adjustment problems of adolescents were also found to be significant. The findings were discussed in terms of gender role stereotypes tagged up with the process of socialization, discriminatory classroom practices and developmental changes during adolescence. Major implications were highlighted.

Pages: 1062-1066
Manpreet Kaur and Tejpreet Kaur Kang (Department of Human Development, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana)

The present study entitled 'value orientation among rural and urban adolescent boys and girls' was undertaken in the Kapurthala district of Punjab. The study was designed to compare value orientation of adolescents across gender and locale. The sample comprised of 200 adolescents (100 boys & 100 girls) of age group 14-16 years. Personal Value Questionnaire by Sherry and Verma (1994) was used to assess the value orientation of adolescents. The scale consists of 40 items representing ten types of values namely Religious Values, Social Values, Democratic Values, Aesthetic Values, Economic Values, Knowledge Values, Hedonistic Values, Power Values, Family Prestige Values and Health Values. Gender differences revealed that girls possessed more values as compared to boys. In locale differences urban adolescents were found to possess more values as compared to rural adolescents.

Pages: 1071-1073
Nainy Singh (Department of Home Science, V.M.L.G PG Girls College, Ghaziabad, UP)
Pooja Talikoti (Department of Home Science, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur)
Meenakshi Agarwal (MS Gyanecologist Senior Consultant, Brijesh Hospital Ramnagar U.K.)

The marriage of girls at young ages in India leads to teenage pregnancy and motherhood. Young women, who become pregnant and have child births, experience a number of health, social, economic, and emotional problems. In addition to the relatively high level of pregnancy, there are complications among young mothers because of physiological immaturity; inexperience associated with child care practices also influences maternal and infant health. Antenatal care is an important part of obstetric and prenatal care. It is often considered one of the best examples of preventive medicine, and essential for the attainment of an optimal outcome of pregnancy. For the present study, the hospital located at Sanganeri gate Jaipur (Mahila zila chikitsalya ) was selected. A questionnaire was prepared, which consisted questions on use of contraceptives, knowledge regarding transmission of HIV, family planning methods and pre and post natal care. Majority of the respondents i.e. 68% were in the second trimester and only 2% were in the first trimester. Along with the health care (ANC's), nutritional care is also important (maternal nutrition). Both health and nutritional care become complementary to each other, which can result in healthy pregnancy and its outcome. Hence, there is a need for discouraging the teenage pregnancy through education. Further, there is urgent need for educating the girls on health and nutrition, preparing them for the ideal age of marriage and having first child.

Pages: 1079-1082
Ramita Bhardwaj and Manika Mohan Saxena (University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Social support is one of the most important aspect of human life which gives meaning to a person's self-esteem and makes a person more satisfied in his life. Both of these aspects are severely damaged among physically challenged people. Their inability to perform daily chores leads to negative attitude of the society towards them thus forcing that person leading an unsatisfied life. This interested the researcher to examine the effectiveness of vocational training on social support and life satisfaction among physically challenged group. A sample of 60 physically challenged adults of 20 to 35 years of age who enrolled themselves for vocational training for three months were administered with P.G.I. Social support Questionnaire and LifeSatisfactionScale.The results obtained through t-test analysis revealed significantdifference between pre and post results of social support andlifesatisfaction. Thus, we can conclude that physically challenged people who receive vocational training are able to get positive support from society and experience satisfaction in their life which leads to development of a positive, healthier and happier life in future.

Pages: 1088-1090
Kiran Karnatak (Department of Psychology, M.B.G.P.G. College Haldwani, Nainital)

Mental health is the psychological state of someone who is functioning at a satisfactory level of emotional and behavioral adjustment. Most mental disorders like deprivation, anxiety and stress begin between adolescents. Mentally healthy means that a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life can work productively and is able to make a contribution to his or her community. An adolescent is greatly influenced by social, emotional, educational, environmental and cultural factors. This study aims to find out the effect of deprivation, anxiety and stress on mental health of adolescents. Three hundred sixty adolescents served as subjects and they were considered as low deprived and high deprived on the basis of their scores on prolonged deprivation scale (Mishra & Tripathi). There level of stress and anxiety were know by Bisht Battery of stress scale (Bisht) and anxiety scale (cattle). Findings were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA and it was noticed that better level of mental health was favoured by low level of deprivation, anxiety and stress. Findings were interpreted in terms of deprivation, anxiety and stress as effectors of mental health. At last intervention strategies were provided to raise the mental faculty underprivileged ones.