Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 714-716
Nalini Malhotra and Ravneet Kaur (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala)

Irrational beliefs are attitudes and values which people hold without any objective evidence. Such thoughts typically clutter the minds of people with feelings of resentment and distaste which creates a lot of problems in a person's life. Irrational beliefs effect the functioning of an individual by lowering the skills of social and emotional competence. Although the concept of irrational beliefs has received extensive attention, yet the concept needs to be addressed covering varied aspects. The present research aimed to examine the relationship of irrational beliefs with social emotional skills. For this purpose, Shortened General Attitude and Belief Scale (SGABS) by Lindner, Kirkby, Wertheim, and Birch (1999) and Social Skills Inventory by Riggio and Carney (2003) were administered on 300 (150 females and 150 males) participants. The correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data. Findings of the present study revealed significant negative correlation of irrational beliefs with social-emotional skills. Implications of the findings have been discussed.

Pages: 722-725
Adity Jamwal, Sniya Gupta and Chandra Shekhar (Post Graduate, Department of Psychology, University of Jammu, Jammu )

The present study was conducted to identify the difference in Aggression and Parental Psychological Control among Youth. The purposive sampling of hundred young adults out of which fifty male and fifty female Participants were taken. Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992) and Parental Psychological Control (Barber, 1996) was used in this study. The results found a significant difference in both the scales i.e. Aggression and Parental psychological control. On all the dimensions of aggression i.e. physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility, significant differences were obtained. In the scores obtained on the scale of parental psychological control the results were also significant between male and female students. Males were found to be more aggressive than female students and a positive correlation between aggression and parental psychological control was also found.

Pages: 730-732
Athira P. (Department of sociology, University of Kerala, Kariyavattom)

Middle age is a process in which health is the most affected factor. As age increases, the health status of an individual will automatically come down and health problems will knowingly or unknowingly emerged. Middle aged (35-56) is called as second teenagers because they can arise not only psychological changes but also a large number of health problems are occurred. In present society mortality and morbidity among middle aged population is high in Kerala. This is due to the occurrence of life style and non-communicable diseases. The major non-communicable disease seen at high altitude among middle aged persons like cancer, coronary heart diseases, hypertension, obesity, stress, mental disorders, diabetics, bronchial asthma ,dementia, epilepsy . The reason behind this is due to many social determinant factors like changing fast food habit, nuclear family situation, work environment, hygiene behaviour, changing residential pattern, consumption pattern of dietary, external and internal forces of environment. In this attempt this paper ties to find out the prevalence and behavioural factors of life style diseases among middle aged persons in Kerala.

Pages: 737-741
Niti Shukla and Yakasai Tijjani Yahaya (Department of Psychology, Lovely Professional University, Punjab)

It has been observed that every culture has its own attribution behavior with which individuals in the community perceived it to be based on their understanding. The purpose of the present study was to find out how the Indian students attribute the foreign students and also how the foreign students attribute the Indian students. In this study the sample of 40 students was used which included 20 students from foreign country and 20 students from India, comprising of 10 male and 10 female students in each group. In this study content analysis method was used to analyze the data collected on 30 variables. Based on the findings theses variables are found to be attributed to the foreign students which includes Diligent, Aggression, Social, Familial, Resilience, and Creativity. while the Indian students are found to be attributed with the following variables which includes Corruption, Gossiping, Offering help, Racism, Values, Expressing Emotions, Hypocrite, Arrogant. In addition the remaining variables were found to be attributed to both group of students which includes Intelligent, Needing Help, Empathy, Equality, Security, Communication, Dressing, Health, Life style, Career, Hospitable, Memorable Moment, First Impression, Occasion, Cheating.

Pages: 746-749
Arisha Salman (Independent Scholar, Psychology, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
P. K. Khattri (Department of Psychology, National P.G. College, Lucknow, UP)

The present study is been done to see the effect of depression on life satisfaction among elderly living in an old age home and those living with their families, The sample of present study consists of 30 male respondents aged between 60 years to 80 years approximately, out of which 15 were residing in an Old age home and 15 were residing with their families. All the respondents were administered on T.S Depression scale and Life satisfaction scale (LSS), with the objective to see the significant difference and relation between depression and life satisfaction. The results showed that the obtained t-value on the scores of depression is 9.8 and on life satisfaction is 5.57 which is greater than the table value at 0.01(2.76) and 0.05(2.05) level with df of 28 and thus indicated the significant difference in the depression and life satisfaction level of elderly living in an old age home and those living with their families. The correlation between depression and life satisfaction among elderly in an old age home is -0.18 i.e. negative correlation and that among elderly living with their families is +0.15 i.e. positive and low correlation. Thus, residents of old age home showed high depression and low life satisfaction, whereas, elderly residing with their families showed low depression and high satisfaction from life.

Pages: 753-756
Dhananjay V. Deshmukh (Department of Education, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

We Categorize disabilities in different way, like Sensory Disabilities (VI, HI, Deaf-Blind), Neuro Developmental Disabilities (LD, MR (ID), ASD), and Loco motor & Multiple Disabilities (CP, MD). Children with Intellectual disability have more behavior problems due to limited cognitive abilities. These behaviors are not an age appropriate, socially not accepted, and which has adverse affect on learning experiences of children, e.g. rebellious behavior, odd behaviors, self injurious and other injurious, hyper active behavior, anti- social behavior, and some others. Because of maladaptive behaviors children with disabilities are not able to cope with their social life, emotional life, personal life and educational environment. To help out them from these problems we do Behavior Modification Programme which includes some strategies like Cognitive Behavior Modification, Meta Cognition, Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, Aversive Techniques, Assertive behavior, ABC and Applied Behavior Analysis. Some other techniques also used for Behavior Modification like Positive and negative Reinforcement, time out, token economy, differential reinforcements, physical restraints, and other. If maladaptive behaviors are reduced, the children with disabilities able to perform activities at their potential level which is needed to live independently in their environment.

Pages: 763-764
Anupama Sihag (PGDCBM, DDE, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana)

Mother of all services, i.e. IAS is a hard nut to crack and success belongs to those who are physically, emotionally, and psychologically competent enough to handle the stress and failures. It is a journey of determination, hard work, and perseverance. In the middle of insurmountable pressure, aspirants of civil services deal the cut-throat competition. Long study hours, handling expenses, living alone, health concerns, and peer pressure has a devastating effect on the minds of civil services aspirants. They feel physically, emotionally, and psychologically drained. The present study included 90 aspirants randomly selected from old Rajendra Nagar and Mukherji Nagar areas of Delhi, which is a hub for civil services aspirants. Results indicate that moderate amount of stress was prevalent in second or third attempt aspirants, as compared to high examination stress in first attempt of aspirants and maximum in last attempt of IAS aspirants. The case studies depict the areas of concern, hardships, and the sufferings of these aspirants in their journey of an aspirant to a civil servant.

Pages: 769-773
Alka Seth (Department of Psychology, C.R.S. University, Jind, Haryana)

The incidence of mental illness and burn out is a challenge thrown by complex life. The havoc of this problem has spread in learning institutions and remedial measures need to be taken. What service can a country expect from her future citizens, when they are guided by teachers who are in grip of frustration, stress and strain? From the time immemorial, teachers in India have occupied the most exalted position in serial hierarchy and in fact, they are the top most academics and professional persons in the educational pyramid. They are the real architects and as such determine to a large extent the destiny of the nation. Present study throws light on the Mental Health and Burnout among Secondary School Teachers and its relation to teacher effectiveness. A sample of 60 secondary school teachers was taken from five Schools of Kaithal district of Haryana. It was found that there exists a significant positive relationship between different dimensions of Mental Health Viz. Positive Self-Evaluation, Perception of Reality, Integration of Personality, Autonomy, Group oriented attitude, Environmental Mastery and teacher effectiveness of secondary School teachers. Study also shows low degree of positive relationship between Teacher Effectiveness and Burn-out. It shows significant negative relationship between different dimensions of Burn-Out viz. Depersonalization and Personal accomplishment and teacher effectiveness and a negative relationship between Emotional Exhaustion but which is not significant. Present study points out the importance of school psychologists and counselors, who can identify and assess mental health issues in the institution and also calls clearly for different measures in enhancing the mental health of teachers.

Pages: 777-779
Heaven Dahiya and Sudesh Rani (College of Nursing, Pt. B D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana)
Lokanathan V. (Department of Biochemistry, Pt. B D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana)

A Pre-Experimental One Group Pre-test Post-test study was conducted to evaluate the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching on Road Safety Measures among 120 school students from 9th and 10th standard from selected schools of Rohtak, Haryana by using purposive sampling technique. Structured knowledge questionnaire and rating attitude scale were used to assess the knowledge and attitude of school students. The findings of the study revealed that the mean post test scores were significantly higher than mean pre scores. There was no association found between the selected demographic variables with the knowledge and attitude scores of 9th and 10th standard students regarding road safety measures.

Pages: 783-786
Preeti Sharma (Counselor, Academy of Well-being, Udaipur and Research Scholar, Pacific University, Udaipur)
Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

Drinking practices and substance use disorders have increased significantly both globally and in India. Alcohol and substance use is a major concern on college campuses. College drinking is often considered socially acceptable behavior on the college social and cultural scene. College culture often views drinking as a rite of passage, encouraging behavior that is destructive to the college sub culture and general population. Alcohol use and abuse are cause of concern because the educational process and quality of campus student life are disrupted. There is growing concern about alcohol/substance abuse in India also. Precursors of drug and alcohol problems have been described as risk factors for alcohol abuse and are associated statistically with an increased probability of drug and alcohol abuse. There are host of risk factors including cultural norms and values, attitude toward drinking and substance use, legal factors, increased stress in the society, family factors, interpersonal and intrapersonal conflicts, cognitive factors like expectancies and beliefs related to alcohol use. In the management of alcohol and substance use disorders, psychological interventions play a pivotal role. Interventions like social skills training, effective coping skills, drink refusal skills, cognitive behaviour interventions, family based and marital interventions are often employed in alcohol use. In recent years, motivation enhance therapy and mindfulness based urge surfing therapy have become common in clinical practice. The current paper will briefly discuss the components, process and efficacy of motivation enhancement therapy in the management of alcohol use.

Pages: 795-798
Tarun Mishra, Naveen, Indramani L. Singh, Tara Singh and Trayambak Tiwari (Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

In daily life we usually scan the environment in terms of critical events over non-critical events. The ability to detect and maintain attention for extended periods of time is referred as sustained attention or vigilance. The present study examined the effect of visual warning cue on sustained attention task performance. Twenty undergraduate students of Banaras Hindu University were randomly assigned into two different experimental conditions. A 2 (warning cue: No warning, warning cue) x 4 (Block: 10 minute each) mixed factorial design with repeated measure on last factor was used. Super Lab software was used to design and conduct successive go/no-go visual sustained attention task. Reaction time, correct detection and incorrect detection were recorded as dependent measures. Findings revealed that participants took less time to respond, when warning cue was preceded the target. However, rate of correct detection and false alarm scores did not differ significantly under both conditions. Real world application of this research includes traffic system, system that requires operators to sustain attention to complex tasks while receiving and responding to warning.

Pages: 803-806
Mohammad Hossein Arab (Department of Clinical Psychology, Bushehr branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran)
Hossein Baghouli and Majid Barzegar (Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University Marvdasht branch, Marvdasht, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapy on symptoms reduction and improvement of quality of life in patients with excoriation disorder. Research method was quasi-experimentalwith three-monthpretest and post test design. Thus, thirty patients with excoriation disorder (15 received mindfulness-based therapies as the experimental group and 15 received cognitive-behavioral the rapies as the control group)were selected through convenience sampling from patients attended one of the clinics in Tehran in 2014. Participants were asked to complete the short form of quality of life questionnaire and excoriation disorder revised-scale before and after treatment intervention and three-month follow-up. Findings showed that both the rapies were effective on reducing the symptoms and improving the quality of life of patients in both groups. According to statistical results, there was a significant difference due to preceding mindfulness-based therapy regarding cognitive-behavior therapy.