Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 678-682
Gete Tsegaye (Department of Behavioral Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia)

The purpose of this study was to identify commonly used substances among secondary school students, factors contributing to substance use and their behavioral impacts. Halaba secondary school was purposefully selected due to its strategic importance regarding substance use. Proportionate stratified random sampling technique was employed to select 311 female and 500 male students out of the total number of 5,518 grades 9 through 12 students. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data and three focus group discussions were conducted with 24 key informants. According to the finding of this study khat followed by inhalants was found to be the most commonly ever used substance . Peer pressure, poor academic performance, family drug use, conflict between parents, poor parental guidance and combination of the factors were reported to have contributed to substance use behavior. In addition, substance users were found to be more anxious, discouraged and unhappy also prone to relationship problems compared to their non substance user counterparts. Moreover, more substance users were involved in sexual practices compared to the non substance users. An integrated approach involving the government , the community and religious leaders schools and parents should be used to control and prevent substance use among school children in Ethiopia.

Pages: 687-690
Aparna Rani (Ranchi Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Allied Sciences, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand)
Manglesh Kumar Manglam (Department of Psychology, Central University of South Bihar, Patna, Bihar)

Children particularly girls are trafficked for their value in commercial sex work. Even otherwise they are often the victims of sexual abuse when they are trafficked for other purposes. Data pertaining to such issues are sparse and tenuous to collect. Moreover limited research exists on the psychological consequences of the double impact of human trafficking and sexual abuse. The present study aims to explore the severity of stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in a group of adolescent girls with past history of sexual abuse, living in a sheltered home for victims of human trafficking. Thirty-nine consenting participants from the abovementioned site were interviewed to gather socio-demographic information, details on sexual abuse, and then evaluated on a self-administered Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, and finally a researcher administered Scale for Suicidal Ideation. Girls between 10 to 17 years, all illiterate hailing from rural background and mostly belonging to lower caste Muslim background reported of multiple occasions of sexual abuse (mostly rape) by perpetrators unknown to them. The participants reported of considerable negative psychological state at the time of evaluation (severe or more levels of depression and anxiety and moderate levels of stress). Stress symptoms correlated positively with suicidal ideation. The study is indicative of high magnitude of psychological suffering in this population which rehabilitation services should be considerate of.

Pages: 695-698
Lavinia A. M Lyngdoh, Arif Ali, Buli Nag Daimari, Sonia P. Deuri, Aitalin Lyngdoh and Harikrishnan U. (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam)

The assessment of the needs for persons with schizophrenia has been an important concern for providing adequate psycho social care. The present study aim to assess the need in persons with schizophrenia. The research setting was at the Outpatient Department, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam. Based on convenience sampling technique, samples of 60 subjects with diagnosis of schizophrenia were selected. Patients attending Outpatient Department for follow up in the age range between 18 to 60 years of both the gender were included. Patients with any organic involvement, who have any significant physical illness and with co morbid disorder were excluded. Socio-demographic and Clinical Datasheet, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and The Camber well Assessment of Need were administered.: In the need assessment of person with schizophrenia it was found that 6.7% have unmet need in accommodation, 11.7% have unmet need in physical health, 15.0% have unmet need in psychological distress, 33.3% have unmet need in intimate relationship, 20.0% have unmet need in basic education, 11.7% have unmet need in looking after home, 11.7% have unmet need in self-care, 20.0% have unmet need in day time activity, 31.7% have unmet need in company,30.0% have unmet need in sexual expression, 26.7% have unmet need in child care, 10.0% have unmet need in telephone, 23.3%unmet need in transport, 21.7% have unmet need in budgeting money, 26.7% have unmet need in getting all the money that they are entitled to. Schizophrenia required a diverse range of interventions. Beside pharmacological intervention there is an equally vital psychosocial intervention are required in promoting independence, decreasing disability and enhancing quality of life in person with schizophrenia.

Pages: 703-706
Rajesh Kumar Mourya and R. N. Singh (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar PradeshDepartment of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

Present study was conducted to examine the role of life satisfaction and positive-negative affectivity in well-being among special school educators. Sixty eight special school educators (31 male and 37 female) aging between 26-55 years constituted the sample of the study. They are employed at different schools devoted to educate physically and mentally challenged children. The participants were administered Pandey's positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS), Diener's satisfaction with life scale and mental health continuum-short form(MHC-SF). The correlational approach was used to see the relationship which revealed that life satisfaction and positive-negative affectivity jointly predict well-being among special school educators. Further analysis indicated that life satisfaction was slightly but positively correlated with positive affectivity, whereas it correlated with negative affectivity negligibly. As regards gender difference, male and female special educators did not differ significantly in positive-negative affectivity and life satisfaction. The results are thoroughly discussed and interpreted and implications of the findings are underlined.

Pages: 711-713
Rashmi Rani, Lok Nath Singh and Arun Kumar Jaiswal (Department of Psychology, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

Parental rearing behavior is a significant etiological factor in a vulnerability model of psychopathology and connected to child' psycho-social development and social problems as such, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived parenting rearing styles and satisfaction with life in adult Indian married couples. Therefore, psychometrically validated Hindi version of instruments for the assessment of the perceived parental rearing styles (PPRSQ) and satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) were administered on a sample of 600 married Indian Hindi speaking couple which included 50 % male and 50 % female persons with 10 to 20 years of married life. The instruments were filled out by the participants. The results of step wise (backward) regression analysis revealed: (i) the four factors of PPRSQ (parental rejection, emotional warmth, over protection and favouring subject) predicted (a) a total of 8.371% of variance, (b) rejection, emotional warmth and favouring subject (deleting over protection factor) predicted a total of 8.318% of variance, (c) emotional warmth and favouring subject together (deleting rejection and over protection factors) predicted a total of 8.201% of variance, and (d) emotional warmth (deleting rejection, over protection and favouring subject factors) predicted a total of 8.140% of variance of life satisfaction. In summary, the findings proved an association between recalled parental rearing styles and life satisfaction in Indian cultural context.

Pages: 717-721
Sukhmani Pal and Chetan Sinha (Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bengaluru)

The present study aims to empirically explore the relationship between Religious fundamentalism (RF) , Right wing authoritarianism (RWA) and Homophobia among Hindus. It is an attempt to understand the association between religious beliefs, adherence to authority figures and attitudes towards homosexuals in India. Since, homosexuality is illegal in India and intolerance towards homosexual is on the rise, it seems imperative to study the associations of homophobia in India (DNA, 2013). For the purpose of the study a sample of 89 Individuals (Belonging to Hindu religion) between the ages of 18-30 years were taken. The obtained data was analyzed using correlation and regression to test the hypotheses. It was found that Religious fundamentalism, Right wing authoritarianism and Homophobia are positively and significantly correlated to each other, (r =.710**, r = .310**, r=. 400**). Both RWA and RF are good predictors of homophobia, however RWA is a better predictor that RF (beta. 307**) and RWA (beta. 400**). It has also been found that there is no significant difference in homophobia among males and females. The study suggests that RF, RWA and homophobia are positively associated with each other among Hindus. The results of this study can help better understand the current scenario of homophobia and its underpinnings in India.

Pages: 726-729
Zahra Karimi Pour and Hossein Baghooli (Department of Psychology, Shiraz Branch Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran)
Alireza Feyli (Department of Psychology, Payam Noor University (Pnu), Iran. And Department of Psychology, Shiraz branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran)

The purpose of this study was compare personality traits and quality of life in patients with vitiligo and no patient individuals. The population sampling included all of the coetaneous (skinny) patients, affected by vitiligos that were (admitted) to Faghihi martyr hospital in Shiraz. The sample of study included of 108 people (54 patients affected by vitiligo and 54 non patients) that were selected through of no probability sampling (accecilable). Data from the questionnaire via the NEO character and features of the World Health Organization quality of life were collected. For the decomposition and analysis of data, applied from (was used from) multivariable variance analysis. The result showed that: there was not significance difference between the quality of life in people affected by vitiligo and no patients. But in component of mental health and social relationships, two groups were different [F (5,102) =5.30, p<0.001], and no patient individuals had a higher mean than affected by vitiligo individuals in two components. Also was the significant difference among two groups in extraversion and receptiveness traits, and according to the means, no patient individuals had a higher mean than affected individuals by vitiligo disease [F (5,102) =2.52, p<0.03].

Pages: 733-736
Priyanka Saraf (Department of Clinical Psychology, Vision Institute of Advance Study, Rohini, New Delhi)

The aim & objective of the study is, “To study the effect of Yogic & Group Counseling practices on impulsivity level of adolescents”. In research methodology researcher has selected adolescents, age group between 14 to 18 years old 30 boys & 30 girls, total 60 subjects had been selected through Quota sampling, for collecting the data Impulsivity scale by S N Rai (Meerut university) was used. This research has showed that analysis of data are determine the position of research how much research significant & applicable. There are two groups of boys and girls for measurement of impulsivity. Through t-test statistical analysis of the data was calculated at 29 degree of freedom at 0.01 levels in both groups, which was highly significant. Means there will be the significant effect of Om chanting, Nadi Shodhan Pranyam, Atma Bodha & Tatva Bodha ki Sadhana and Group Counseling in the level of Impulsivity of adolescent girls and boys.

Pages: 742-745
Vinayak M. Honmore (Department of Psychology, Smt. Mathubai Garware Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Sangli, Maharashtra)
M. G. Jadhav (Department of Psychology, K. B. P. College, Urun-Islampur, Sangli, Maharashtra)

It is common that the stress is developed among those who receive treatment for their infertility. Some give response to this stress by avoiding the activities on the contrary others maintains their participation. The present study investigates two factors that may help to explain these variations across individuals in their responses. It was undertaken to examine the relationship between self-esteem and coping resources in different areas (cognitive, social, emotional, spiritual or philosophical and physical resources) as well as on the whole among fertile and infertile adults. Data were obtained from a sample of 160 (80 fertile adults i.e. 40 male and 40 females and 80 infertile adults i.e. 40 male and 40 female) non-institutionalized adults aged between 30 to 40 years. Coppersmith's (1981, 2002) Self-Esteem Inventory (adult) and Martin and Hammer's (1988, 2004) Coping Resources Inventory were used. The Data were analysed applying 't' test and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Method. The results reveal that fertile adults (Male and Female together) differ significantly from the infertile adults (Male and Female together) on self-esteem and cognitive, social, spiritual and physical coping resources. Fertile adults obtain higher means scores in comparison to infertile adults. The 'r' values between the scores on self-esteem and those on coping resources (overall and area-wise) are positively correlated.

Pages: 750-752
Manju (Department of Applied Psychology, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana)

The present study examined the Psychological Well-being of Diabetic Female. It is a comparative study. A sample of 100 subjects was taken, out of these 50 are already diagnosed type 2 diabetic female and 50 are healthy female. The Age range was 35 to 55 years. To assess psychological well-being, Carol Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (PWBS) was used. It was found that the female suffering from diabetes were lower psychological well-being than healthy female.

Pages: 757-762
D. S. Saini (District Social Welfare Officer, Hisar, Haryana)
Sadhvi Shakti Puri (Ichhapuri Ashram, Matloda, Barwala, Hisar, Haryana)

Drug abuse and addiction is one of the great evils of our time. It has become a serious problem in India. Young and old alike everywhere are addicted to drugs. It has resulted in increased crime, tension, disease, horror and lack of peace and security. The cities have attracted large number of youth who come in search of employment. Such people live a lonely and isolated life and become anti-social. They fall into evil company and get addicted. The children who are deprived of the loving care and affection, and do not get right type of education are prone to be addicted to drugs.

Pages: 765-768
Anjana Bhattacharjee and Sukriti Banda (Department of Psychology, Tripura University, Tripura)

Any evaluation of the status of women has to start from the social arrangement, social structures, enlightening norms and value systems that influence social prospect regarding the behaviour of both men and women and decide women's roles and their position in society. A society is composed of many institutions and most important of them are the system of decent, family and kinship, marriage and religious traditions. All of them provide the principles and moral basis for men and women about their rights and duties and their well defined status and role. But unfortunately recently society has become a place where women are tortured and battered and their position in society is being challenged in each and every sphere. Thus in this backdrop the present paper is attempted to investigate the socioeconomic status of women and its significant relation to violence against women. The findings of the present study concluded that socio-economic status of women influences domestic violence. In addition violence takes place mostly among those women who are poor in education, are unemployed, belong to urban area, are culturally backward and finally belonged to poor economic status.