Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 452-454
Hossein Aflakifard (Department of Educational Sciences Farhangian, University, Iran)
Fatemeh Hamidi (Department of Counselling, Marvdasht Branch Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran)

The aim of this study was to predict risky behaviors of high school students based on personality characteristics and emotional intelligence in the area 2 Education of Shiraz. Due to the nature and purposes of research is used of the practical and implementation of the correlation method. The study included all students of secondary education in the area 2 Education of Shiraz, 94-93 academic year that was selected 120 persons as the sample size by multi-stage cluster sampling. For data collection was used of questionnaires, dangerous behavior by the United States Center Disease Control and Prevention (1989), Personality characteristics questionnaire of Aisenck (1975) and emotional intelligence questionnaire of Sebria Shrink (1995) that were confirmed validity and reliability. Analysis of data from questionnaires completed at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics. In the descriptive statistics were used such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics, were used Pearson correlation analysis, regression analysis. The results showed that there is no a significant relationship between of personality characteristics and risk behaviors of students, there is no a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and risk behaviors of students, personality characteristics are able to predict of their high-risk behavior, personality characteristics and emotional intelligence are able to predict of their high-risk behavior.

Pages: 458-460
Ramesh D. Waghmare (Department of Psychology, Godawari College Ambad, Jalna, Maharashtra)

The aim of the present research is to examine the effect of Gender and Location on Locus of control among college students. A sample being 120 arts college students selected in this study, in each 60 male students (30 urban and 30 rural student) and 60 female students (30 urban and 30 rural students). Ratters Locus of control scale by Anand kumar and srivastava. The scale was use for data collection 2x2 factorial design was used and data were Analysis by Mean, SD and 'F' values. The finding of present study revealed that there is significant difference between locus of control than male and female college students. Female high internal locus of control than male students and male external locus of control than female college students. No significant difference between locus of control than Urban and Rural college students.

Pages: 465-470
Abdul Raffie Naik and Jeyavel Sundaramoorthy (Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Karnataka)

The current study focuses on locus of control &depression and the relationship between them, as well as with the demographic variables such as gender (male and female), course of study (science and arts) and locality (urban and rural) among college students of Gulbarga city. It is a promising area of inquiry. The age of college students is a critical context for studying youth mental health. The study was conducted on 171 college student of Gulbarga city who were selected by a random sampling method (lottery method). The questionnaire consisted of personal data sheet, beck depression inventory, and Rotter's locus of control scale. Descriptive Statistics and non-parametric statistics as Mann-Witney test (U) and chi-square test (χ2) were used to analyze the data. The results could not find significant difference on depression among male and female college students, but findings showed that there is a significant difference on depression among science and arts, and rural and urban. The findings showed that there is no significant difference on locus of control among male & female, science & arts and urban & rural college students. The results also show that there is significant association between depression and Locus of Control.

Pages: 478-482
Satyananda Panda (Department of Psychology, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim)

Depression is one of the most costly and debilitating medical conditions afflicting our society. The present study attempted to find out the relationship of depression with different dimensions of family environment among undergraduate college students. The study also compared male and female college students on depression and different dimensions of family environment. The sample consisted of 50 male and 50 female undergraduate college students in the age range of 18 to 23 years. Beck Depression Inventory-II and Family Environment Scale were used to collect data from the participants (N=100). The results obtained showed that depression was negatively correlated with cohesion (-0.63), expressiveness (-0.66) and independence (-0.73) dimensions of family environment and no significant gender difference was found on depression. Undergraduate male and female college students did not differ significantly on all the seven dimensions of family environment except Control dimension. Various risk factors have been linked to depression in adolescents like family environment, personality type, self-concept and genetic factors along with stressful events. The reasons may be different but it mostly related with the family issues which affect adolescents. Lack of communication between the children and parents may also lead to the depression because the child cannot share what is going on in his/ her life. When faced with decisions or crises, healthy families involve all family members to come to solution for the mutual good. Conflicts are settled through rational discussion and compromise instead of open hostility and conflicts. The more cohesive families develop better bonds among family members and cause less depression

Pages: 488-492
Pankaj Singh, Nilofer Mujawar, Rupali Moharkar and Harshdeep Kaur (NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences, Digdoh Hills, Nagpur, Maharashtra)

The Present study to examine the effect of video, mobile games on children's behavior. 160, school going children's, age range from 7 to 10 were recruited based on random sampling. They were administered the Child and Adolescent Inpatient Behavioural Rating Scale, in the sample group. The data were analyzed with the help of compared “t” test, an analysis of variance showed a Mean of boy's Child and Adolescent Inpatient Behavioural Rating Scale 102.97 and girls Child and Adolescent Inpatient Behavioural Rating Scale Mean 72.5, and t-value is 13.11, significant at 0.05 levels. In present study show that most of the bad effects of video games are blamed on the violence and other behaviour issues. Children who play more video, and mobile games are more likely to have increased Anxiety , communication problem , psychomotor activity, conduct disorder/ disruptive behaviour, social skills, attention and hyperactive behaviour , aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, and decreased prosocial helping.

Pages: 500-504
Subhash Chandra Chouhan, Paramjeet Singh and Sunil Kumar (Department of Psychiatry, S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

The presence, upbringing and looking after of a mentally retarded child in the family, can become a threat to the mental health of its parents and is the main predisposing factor of stress for the parents. Present hospital based cross sectional analytical type of observational study was carried out at outpatient department (OPD) of Psychiatric Centre, S.M.S. Medical College Jaipur with the specific aims to assess and compare daily parenting stress and anxiety among parents of children with intellectual disability. Total 90 randomly selected subjects {both parents of mentally retarded (MR) children} were evaluated separately for daily parenting stress and anxiety using the Family Interview for Stress and Coping (FISC-MR) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). According to Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of children, three groups were created: Group A (30 parents of moderate to profound MR children), group B (30 parents of mild to borderline MR children) and control group C (30 parents of children normal intelligence).IQ of the children was assessed by trained clinical psychologist and diagnosis was made as per ICD-10 criteria. Controls were taken from healthy volunteer and screened by two psychiatrists. A self designed, pre-tested & semi-structured detailed Performa was used for socio-demographical and clinical profile. The data was analyzed using by using SPSS. Parents in group A had significantly higher level of daily parenting stress and anxiety than groups B and C, group B parents had higher level of anxiety and daily parenting stress than group C. Mothers experienced greater anxiety and daily parenting stress compared to fathers. A positive correlation was found between daily parenting stress and anxiety.

Pages: 510-513
Shyama C. Ogre and Moyna Chakravarty (S.O.S in Anthropology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh)
Priyamvada Shrivastava, and Gaukaran Janghel (S.O.S in Psychology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh)

Out of total sample of the study 72.7 % adolescents were homozygous and 76.7 % were heterozygous. Male and females of Age group 14-16 years were maximum number. Percentage of heterozygous males complaining somatic problems is higher, whereas percentage of homozygous females complaining somatic problems is high. There is significant positive relationship between Maladaptive coping style and somatic problems. Somatic problems emerge as significant predictor in variation of criterion variable somatic problems. The t values explain significant difference in somatic complaints among sickle cell adolescents with respect to gender and zygosity.

Pages: 518-521
Komal Rai and Gurpreet Gill (Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Panjab)

Human beings always need someone, with whom they can talk and share their problems and feelings. And when there is a lack of communication between family and friends, the individual start feeling lonely. But now through internet based networking sites facility, people are more able to connect to one another than ever before in the history .But still despite of having the facilities to connect with others easily,18-to 35-year-olds are more likely to feel lonely often or feel depressed because of loneliness than people aged over 50. Late teens to early 30s have reported feeling loner that those in old age. Despite of having the positive side of social networking sites, there is a danger of replacing real-life relationships with superficial, online communication. It is a great concern because loneliness leads to depression and other psychological problems. Now in India we have more cases of depression, suicide ideation, negative thoughts etc in youths as compared to previous times. This research aim was to find out relation between social networking site usage and loneliness and also the role of gender in social networking sites usage and in loneliness. To assess loneliness, UCLA Loneliness Scale was used and for social networking sites usage, Facebook intensity scale was applied, because youngsters are using more facebook than other social sites. Sample was comprised of total 160 undergraduate's students (80 males and 80 females with age range of 18 to 25) from Lovely Professional University. Taking in consideration our objectives and hypotheses, data collection was analyzed by Independent sample t-test and Pearson's product moment correlation. The result revealed that there was a positive significant relationship between loneliness and social networking sites. The correlation value between loneliness and social networking sites was 0.247**. Through t-test we found that in loneliness (t (160) = 2.247*, p < 0.05) males were more lonely (X = 45.21) than the female (X = 41.93). In social networking sites (t (160) = 5.009**, p < 0.01), males (X = 26.86) were using more social networking site i.e. Facebook than the females (X = 21.86).

Pages: 527-530
Swati Gupta (Clinical Psychology, AIPS, Amity Univesrity, Noida, U.P.)
Roopali Sharma (AIPS, Amity University, Noida, U.P.)

Nowadays Internet has become a part of life in all age groups but it has prominently playing a role in the life of youngsters and affecting their Quality of Life .Internet has both the positive as well as negative effects on the life style of young adults and to the level they are engaging in internet activities can influence their life style .The present study explores the relationship between the impact of internet usage (excessive and average) on quality of life among young adults. A sample of 60 young adults has been selected out of 100 and was selected from Delhi/NCR region, to identify the relationship. A screening test, the Internet Addiction Test (1998), developed by Dr. Kimberly Young to assess the level of internet usage and Quality of Life Scale BREF (2004) developed by World Health Organization. There was no correlation found between the average level of internet usage and quality of life and people who excessively use internet has no effect on their quality of life. But difference was found between the quality of life of average and excessive internet users. The quality of life of average internet users is comparatively better than excessive internet users.

Pages: 535-539
Priyanka Behrani and Priyanka Shah (Department of Psychology, The M.S. University of Baroda, Gujrat)

In the present study, researcher aims to study the difference between coping pattern of fathers and mothers of children with Intellectual disability, Autism and Down syndrome. The sample comprised of 15 fathers and 15 mothers of children with disability. The data was collected using three tools, the demographic details, COPE and Parental Questionnaire. Data available through Parental Questionnaire was analysed through qualitative analysis; specifically content analyses, whereas data analysis of COPE questionnaire was analysed through SPSS for t test. Differences were found on coping pattern of fathers and mothers of children with disability where Positive reinterpretation and growth coping pattern were used more frequently by fathers and behavioural disengagement coping pattern were used more frequently by mothers of children with disability. Based on content analyses of parental questionnaire it was found that mothers were turning more towards to religious coping whereas fathers are adopting more accepting coping pattern.

Pages: 543-545
Dhiksha. J and Suresh A. (Department of Psychology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka)

Montessori Method of education focuses on students overall development. Montessori Method of education is designed not only to focus on academic skills of the students but also it gives importance for the development of the student's social and behavioral skills. Hence the present study aimed to assess the self-esteem and academic anxiety of students with Montessori and traditional method of education. It was hypothesized that the students of Montessori Method of education have higher self-esteem and lower academic anxiety compared to traditional method of education. In order to verify the above hypothesis a sample of 124 students were selected from the schools which offer education with Montessori (N=60) and traditional method (N=64). Tools used for the study were the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Academic Anxiety Scale for Children developed by Singh and Sen Gupta. The collected data were subjected to `t` analysis and the major findings of the study revealed that the students of Montessori Method of education has significantly higher self-esteem and significantly lower academic anxiety compared to traditional school students.

Pages: 550-552
Aya Abd Allah Gouda Mohammed (Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, Helwan University, Egypt)

Cognition plays a critical role in the occurrence of neurotic disorders and affects individual self-esteem (Salama,1989). Individuals' beliefs about themselves, other people and the world are formed during childhood. One of the deepest beliefs are core beliefs which are basic, fixed and mostly generalized concepts viewed by the individual as absolute fact. Moreover, core beliefs affect the intermediate layer consisting of hypothesis, attitudes and rules thus affecting individuals' view of the situation which in turn affects their way of thinking, feelings and behaviors (Beck & Beck, 2007). Accordingly, these cognitive levels are the cognitive structure by which individuals interpret the coming information and perceive and appraise situations. Therefore, they affect individuals' self-esteem as self esteem includes both positive and negative attitudes toward the self as an assessment for the self based on the individuals' attitudes and beliefs. Accordingly, if the individuals have negative cognitive structure (beliefs and attitudes), they will have low self-esteem and become more vulnerable to neurotic disorders such as anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorder characterized with cognitive structures representing negative subjects towards the self. (Basha & Abd El-Satar, 2015) This research aims to clarify the theoretical relationship between negative cognitive schemata, self-esteem and some neurotic disorders ( e.g., anxiety).