Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 1094-1095
Bhoomika Sachacher (Research Officer, Project Hifazat Central Institute of Psychiatry Kanke, Ranchi)
Masroor Jahan (Additional Professor of Clinical Psychology, Ranchi Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Allied Sciences, Ranchi)
Vinod Kumar Sinha (Department of Psychiatry, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi)

This paper attempts to determine whether gender differences affects intelligence and academic performance among school going children. Total 100 children of both sexes between the age ranges of 7-15 years were selected. Intelligence assess by Malin's intelligence scale for Indian children and for academic performance academic records of children was taken from the school. Data was analysed using of descriptive statistics, chi square test and person correlation. Results showed that there is no influence of intelligence and academic performance on gender.

Pages: 1099-1101
Neeta Pattan and Usha Devi C. (Department of Food and Nutrition, Smt VHD Central Institute of Home Science, Seshadri Road, Bangalore, Karnataka)

Multiple micronutrient deficiencies are wide spread globally with a large negative societal impact. As the green leafy vegetables are inexpensive foods rich in micronutrients, utilization of unconventional green leafy vegetables can be explored to overcome some of micronutrient malnutrition. Hence the study has been taken to develop masala bun enriched with dehydrated unconventional green leafy vegetable, Anne greens, Celosta argentea. Dehydrated green leafy vegetable powder at 4, 6 and 8 per cent levels was incorporated in developing masala bun. The developed products, three variations and a control were evaluated for sensory parameters by semi trained panel members using a nine point hedonic scale. All the products prepared by incorporating anne greens at different levels were acceptable with scores of above 6.0 ranging from moderately good (6.1) to excellent (8.2) on nine point hedonic scale. Masala bun with 6 per cent level of incorporation (7.7) was more accepted compared to 8 per cent level of incorporation. There was no significant difference between the masala bun without enrichment and masala bun with 4 and 6 per cent levels of incorporation. It can be concluded that enrichment of masala bun with 6 per cent level of dehydrated anne greens can be used to enhance the nutritional quality of the product.

Pages: 1104-1105
Vikram Kala (Department of Medicine, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana)
Richa Kansal (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana)
Prerna Panjeta (Department of Biochemistry, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana)
Poonam Adlakha (Department of Histopathology, Venereology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh)
Mohit Nagpal (Department of Dermatology and Venereology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh)

Spontaneous gallbladder perforation in a patient of end stage renal disease is very umcommon event. It can lead to rapid deterioration of the patient with complicationg into sepsis and biliary peritonitis, often associated with high mortality. We report a case of 56 year old male patient of diabetic nephropathy and end stage renal disease who was on maintainance hemodialysis for past eight months. He reported to emergency room with acute abdomen and was subsequently diagnosed with gallbladder perforation. His current condition was complicated by his comorbid end stage renal failure. He recovered completely with early conservative antiobiotics therapy and aggressive hemodialysis. A prompt diagnosis and immediate initiation of antimicrobial therapy according to best guess antibiotic sensitivity are very important to optimize the management and prevent further deterioration of the patient.

Pages: 1109-1114
Jyoti Gupta, Subhasmita Panda and Nandita Babu (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi)

Stories are a part of a child's everyday experience and narration helps to describe this experience. Children from slum generate narrations to reflect their social world. This study attempts to explore slum children's construction of the social world in their narratives. To gain an in-depth understanding of children's construction of their social world, fifteen 6 and 7 year olds were selected from a slum area located in the city of Delhi. They were asked to narrate stories based on story leads and pictures which were provided to them. Their narrations were coded and significant themes such as: social engagement, personal likes and dislikes, mental state attribution, emotions and concern with authority emerged illustrating children construction of a meaningful social world through their narratives.

Pages: 1119-1123
Suvashisa Rana, Meena Hariharan, Durgesh Nandinee and Kallavarapu Vincent (Centre for Health Psychology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh)

As forgiveness plays a vital role in the process of building healthy relationship, this study explored the contributions of forgiveness on happiness among adolescents. A convenience sample of 200 adolescent participants from two leading educational institutions was selected. The participants completed a survey assessing the forgiveness (forgiveness of self, others, and situations) and happiness. The results revealed that there were significant contributions of forgiveness and its domains on happiness of the adolescents. The role of age was also found to be significant indicating that the older adolescents were found to be higher in forgiveness compared with their younger counterparts. Since there was an impact of forgiveness on happiness, adolescents need to be taught the prosocial behavior during childhood and adolescence in order to foster positive health, both at individual as well as community levels.

Pages: 1130-1136
Joby. P. A. and Prabhavati Shukla (SOS in Psychology. Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhatisgarh)

The present study is a venture to unfold the effects of a group-based Cognitive behavioural stress management intervention (CBSM) among Indian early-breast cancer survivors on quality of life. In India, breast cancer is the most widespread malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in adult females. With enhanced early detection and treatment, great numbers of breast cancer patients are surviving several years after diagnosis with declining quality of life. Quality of life of women is considered an important issue in the treatment of women with breast cancer. Psychosocial interventions have demonstrated efficacy for serving patients and families confront the many fears that come up during this hard time. Subjects of the present research were 60 women survivors of early-breast cancer. To study the problem pre and post experimental design with control group were opted. The experimental group was received weekly 2 hrs sittings for a period of 10 week group-based Cognitive behavioural stress management intervention while the control group received only a 1-day psychoeducational group seminar. The Indian adaptation of EORTC QLQ-C 30, version 3.0 and its breast cancer supplementary measure QLQ-BR23 questionnaires were administered to Pre, post and follow-up study for the assessment of quality of life (QoL). Pre, post and follow-up study data were analysed by implying one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired samples T- tests. The result revealed that group-based Cognitive behavioural stress management intervention was effective and produced significant effects on post and follow-up experimental group's survivor's quality of life. In contrast, minimal change was observed in control group survivor's quality of life. It may be concluded that Breast cancer survivors truly need psychotherapeutic support and in particular a group-based psychotherapeutic interventions can substantially improve the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. The CBSM intervention programme represents a novel tool for the betterment of breast cancer survivor's quality of life.

Pages: 1145-1149
Aradhana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Kuamun University Campus, Almora)

Marriage is a relationship which involves emotional and legal commitment and bonds a man and woman in a thread of love. It continues through children physical attraction, mental support and formation of strong family relationship but some times this family role passes through some difficult roué and people solve if through their understanding. In this study on attempt was made to seek out the pattern of experiential stress living with and without their has bonds and in joining and neuclear families. It was contended that ((i) variation in the level of employment would cause variation in experiential stress (ii) Women living with and without their husbands would show difference in the level of experiential stress (iii) variation in the level of stress would be caused by the family structure i.e. joint nuclear family. Eighty women of employed and unemployed status and ranging between 25 to 35 years served as participants and they were arranged according to the requirements of 3-way factories design with two levels of (employment status employed/unemployed) two level of marital status (living with husband/living without husband) and two types of family spretimes (joint and neculear) i.e. 10 participants per all. Living with husband was defined to those who used to live with their husband in permanent mode their whereas without husbanded women were those whose husbands were far from their due to job condition. Home climate supportiveness scale and stress and stress management scale developed by the author were used. Doctor were analyzed by ANOVA and it was found that (i) magnitude of stress was higher in employed women (ii) women who were living without their husbands were higher on stress and (iii) nuclear family gave less stress than joint family.

Pages: 1156-1160
Triveni, S. (Department of Psychology, Karnataka University Dharwad, Karnataka)

Human values can be arranged into a value system which is “an enduring organization of beliefs concerning preferable modes of conduct or end states of existence along a continuum of relative importance” (Rokeach, 1973, p. 5). Teachers in India have the role of building the personality of today's youth. They need to display an ideal conduct which consists of an integrated value system so that they maintain their personal balance and integrity to deliver their duties sincerely. Hence, there is a need to study the value orientation of college teachers. The present study is undertaken with the objective of understanding the value orientation of college teachers and their socio-demographic correlates. A sample of 100 college teacher (male 50 and female 50) within the age range of 28to 60 from Govt and private aided colleges of Northern Karnataka, i.e., Hubli and Dharwad city areas are selected through purposive sampling technique. Rokeach's Value Survey developed by Rokeach in 1968 which consists of lists of 18 Terminal and 18 Instrumental values that are to be ranked based on the importance to the subject as a guiding principle of their life, was used to assess the value orientation of the sample. The results reveal that Most preferred terminal value s of college teachers are Health (Rank 1), A comfortable life (Rank2) and National Security (Rank 3). Whereas the most preferred Instrumental values are Honest (Rank1) Ambitious (Rank 2) and Clean (Rank 3). Gender difference in both the values are studied and socio-demographic correlates are discussed. Implications are suggested.

Pages: 1165-1172
Soamya and Sandeep Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a complex disorder with diverse challenges arising at each new phase of a child's developmental span. The clinical presentation of ADHD consists of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. The American Psychiatric Association 2013 documented ADHD as “impairing disorder”. There is a growing body of research on the effectiveness of mindfulness for children and adolescents with psychopathology reported by Black et al. (2009); Burke (2010). Jon Kabat Zinn (2003) described mindfulness as the awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmental to the unfolding of experiences moment by moment. The rationale for using a mindfulness therapy with ADHD is built on several levels of potential impact, that the mindfulness based therapy focuses on the ability to enhance, control attention and to reduce automatic responses Teasdale et al. (1995). The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of six months mindfulness therapy on attention deficit of adolescents manifesting symptoms of ADHD. Sample: The target sample of the study comprises of 33 adolescent with the age group of 13 to 16 years of private schools. The sample in the present study was assessed for attention deficit by different measures. The D2 Attention by Brickenkamp and Zillmer (1998) was administered to measure sustained and focuses attention. The symptom of inattention was measured by Conner's 3 parent rating scale by Conners (2008) and further attention again was assessed with Brown's ADD Scales by Brown (2001). The outcome of the present study was analyzed by applying paired t- test on [pair 1 (baseline and middle phase), pair 2 (middle and post) and pair 3 (baseline & post)]. The finding of the present study indicates the considerable improvement on the alertness, attention, concentration and focus. The practice of mindfulness based therapy strengthens the ability to sustain and monitor the attention. The outcome of the present study is also consistent with the findings of Heeren and Philippot (2011); Semple (2010), that the mindfulness therapy enhances performance on the executive functioning such as attention, working memory and cognitive control. The evidence suggesting the potential benefits of mindfulness interventions with adolescents manifesting symptoms of attention deficits.

Pages: 1177-1180
Sandeep Panchal and Updesh Kumar (Defence Institute of Psychological Research, (DRDO), Delhi)
H. L. Joshi (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra)<

Mental health problems are an important public health concern for all age groups, but especially for married professionals. The objective of the present study was to explore the role of mental health and depression in suicidal ideation among married professionals. The sample consisted of 200 married professionals in the age range of 25 to 40 years. Symptom check list -90 (Derogatis, et al., 1973), Beck Depression Inventory (Beck et al., 1996), and Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (Reynolds, 1991) were administered to the respondents. Results of the Pearson product moment correlation revealed that depression and mental health found to be positively correlated with suicidal ideation among married professionals. Stepwise regression analysis revealed two potent predictors of suicidal ideation i.e. Depression and phobic anxiety which account 29% of the variance.

Pages: 1184-1187
Shriparna Singh (Department of Psychology, The IIS University, Jaipur)
Deepika Rathore (Department of Psychology, ICG, The IIS University, Jaipur)

Many individuals are concerned with meeting high standards for performance. In recent time there has been extensive support for a two dimensional structure of perfectionism emphasizing maladaptive and adaptive aspects of the construct. Therefore present study attempts to explore defense mechanism utilized by different types of perfectionists and non-perfectionists and to compare psychological distress among the different group of perfectionists and non-perfectionists. Sample comprised of 100 female college students in the age range of 21-24 years. The scales utilized for the study were The Almost Perfect Scale Revised (Ashby &Trippi et al., 2001), Defense Style Questionnaire-40 (Andrews et al., 1993), Hopkins Symptom Checklist-21 (Green et al., 1988). The data obtained was analyzed by using analysis of variance. Results revealed that maladaptive perfectionists tend to employ immature defenses whereas adaptive perfectionist reported highest usage of mature defense mechanism. In addition, results show that maladaptive perfectionist reported highest psychological distress followed by non-perfectionist, and least by perfectionist adaptive group.

Pages: 1191-1193
Ruby Jain and Siddhi Goyal (Department of Home Science, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Adolescence is a period of transition between playful childhood and responsible adulthood with a large number of changes in physical, psychological and social domains of life. Adolescent boys and girls encounter social identity crisis, emotional turmoil, peer pressure and anti social behavior, problems in intimate relationship with opposite sex partners, conflicts with parents on values and morality, academic pressure and uncertainties about future. Life skills education can facilitate adolescent's practices and reinforce psychosocial skills in a culturally and developmentally appropriate way; it contributes to the promotion of personal and social development, the prevention of health and social problems, and the protection of human rights in young peoples. Life skills education promotes mental well-being in young people and equips them to face the realities of life. The purpose of the study was to assess Life Skills among 11th grade girls and boys student of Government Senior Secondary School of Jaipur district. The main reason for selecting only 11th grade students was that Life Skills Education is a compulsory subject in eleventh standard; therefore, 400 students (200 girls and 200 boy's students) were randomly selected from 16 Government Senior Secondary School of Jaipur District. The data were collected by using the LAS scale (Only Problem Solving, Decision Making, Coping with Emotions & Stress variables were taken for the study). Pretest and posttest design was used for data collection. Results show that girls were better on some of the Life Skills as compare to boys, in both pre and post test phases.

Pages: 1201-1205
Anuradha Deshpande and Neelam Pandey (Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, UP)

The present qualitative research was conducted in Delhi-NCR using the Children's Apperception Test to study the Psychological Impact of Parental Divorce on Children. A total sample of 20 was taken with an age bracket of 6-10 years. 10 children out of these belonged to intact families and 10 to divorced parents. A thematic analysis was done of the children's responses based on which common themes were derived under the 2 categories, namely- Adaptive Mechanism Schedule and Story Dynamics (as in the original study by Haworth & Lawton) Overall result showed that children are negatively impacted by the divorce of their parents. It has a massive impact on the internal environment of the child as is visible by the predominant usage of unhealthy mechanisms and the frequency of negative responses to define the theme of a story on the test as compared to children who belong to intact families. The results are therefore in line with the hypothesis.