Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 242-243
Poonam Rani, Yogesh Chander, Suman Dalal and Ritu (Department of Education, BPS Mahila, University, Sonepat) Sat Pal (Department of Physiology, Pt. B. D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak)
Harish Kumar (Department Psychiatry, Pt. B. D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak)
Sushil Kumar and Durga Sharma (Lecturers)

Mid-day meal (MDM) is one of the initiatives that is the central and state government. MDM was started in order to protect our primary school children from malnutrition and other disease and thus providing opportunity for their proper growth and resulting in the improvement in their learning level so that a strong foundation of quality education and physical stamina is provided to the children. Study was Cross-sectional and participants were given a self-structured questionnaire. A sample of 40 teachers (20 rural and 20 urban) were selected from 20 government primary schools (10 urban and 10 rural) from five blocks of district Rohtak, Haryana. Percentage, simple proportion, Results indicated that mid day meal is a factor for attracting the students for admission (57%), there was increase in the daily attendance in the school (65%), and the there was a good response to stop the dropout rate (57%). Mid-Day Meal Scheme has an overall positive effect on education. The admission and attendance have increased in the schools. The school dropout rate has decreased. It is needed to change the thinking of teacher toward this scheme and remove the lacuna to make the mid-day meals scheme more effective, productive, purposeful and result oriented.

Pages: 249-254
Ravinder Yadav (Department of Medical Records, Govt. Medical College & Hospital 32, Chandigarh)
Pallvi Aggarwal (Department of Psychiatry, Janta Hospital, Jalandhar)
Jaspal Singh (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala)

Mental health is a state of complete physical mental and social well being and not mercely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 2001B). Gender is the single strongest correlate of risk for different types of mental disorders. Despite the robustness of this correlation, "gender “itself is a proxy term for a complex of biological, behavioral, social and psychological variables and processes, which remain as yet incompletely understood, under the outline of appetite, aggression, exploration, sleep, energy, violence, stress, mood and their biological rhythms as they are deferentially regulated and dysregulated in males and females, in relation to mental disorders. Women tend to be less delight about life than men and this may make them more vulnerable to mental illnesses. Women tend to develop internalized symptoms, where problematic feelings are directed towards psychosis, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, unipolar disorder, suicide, the adaptations aspects of life, including access to resources, methods of copying, styles of interacting with others, self evaluation, spirituality and expectations of others, all these influence mental health either positively or negatively. The paper gives light on the mental health problem among women having the most important contribution to the global burden of disease and disability and core element of mental health promotion and their fruitful basis of broad spectrum approach. . We need to develop preventive strategies like adherence counseling, crisis intervention, psychological counseling social support and educational programs for awareness. The paper gives a brief overview of the disease and focuses on the behavior of women.

Pages: 260-262
Sandeep Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana)
Dalbir Saini (District Social Welfare officer, Hisar, Haryana)

The present study was conducted on a sample of 400 respondents from the states of haryana, panjab, and delhi. A suvey questionnaire of 65 items was used to know the people opinions about the casuses of honor killing in north india. It has been observed in the findings that irrationale and negative attitude towards females, attaching prestigious tags to females, community pressures, attitude towards youth and intercaste marriage are some of the observations indicating their role in honor killing. The study reveals the role of cognitions and cultural influences in commiting the crime in the name of honour.

Pages: 266-271
Ranjana Tiwari and Adhaya Shanker Srivastava (Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Science Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi)
Daya Ram (Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand)

The present study attempts a comparison between Obsessive Compulsive Disorder patients with healthy normal controls using Temperament and Character Inventory as the measure of personality dimensions. Forty Obsessive Compulsive Disorder patients, who met the criteria of DSM IV TR, and had 15 or above score on the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, were given Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Temperament and Character Inventory. A group of forty normal controls, who had a zero score on General Health Questionnaire-5, was also tested with the help of the above mentioned measures. The Obsessive Compulsive Disorder patients and normal controls were matched in terms of their age and IQ as measured by Alexander Pass Along Performance Test of Intelligence. The findings revealed that the Obsessive Compulsive Disorder patients had significantly higher score on Harm Avoidance, but significantly lower scores on self directedness and cooperativeness in comparison to healthy normal controls. Findings also revealed that the severity of Obsessive Compulsive symptoms predicted the severity of depression and low-self-directedness in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder patients.

Pages: 275-278
Rajesh Kumar and Babubhai Patel (Psychologist, District Tobacco Control Cell Sabarkantha, Gujarat)

The relationships between job satisfaction and occupational stress were investigated as part of a larger study. The participants were the staff members of High schools selected through Randomize sampling. Three hundred and fifty six staff members from 100 High schools of Sabarkantha District of Gujarat state (India). There were nine job satisfaction and four occupational stress factors identified. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were utilized to investigate the hypothesized relationships. Moderate to strong correlations existed between most of the job satisfaction and occupational stress variables. However, multiple regressions revealed occupational stress to be the best predictor of only two job satisfaction variables. Occupational stress did, nevertheless explain considerable variance in other facets of job satisfaction. The results hold implications for school systems and school administrators.

Pages :285-288
Saima Ambreen (Department of Psychology, University of Balochistan, Quetta)
Mussarat Jabeen Khan (Department of Psychology (WC) International Islamic University, Islamabad )
Samia Aslam (Foundation University, Rawalpindi)

The present study was designed to find out the relationship between mental health and social support and moderating effect of age and personality. Mental Health Inventory (MHI; Khan, 2008), Provisions of Social Relations (Ayub, 2004) and translated Extrovert-Introvert subscale of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire- Revised (EPQ-R; Eysenck & Eysenck 1975) were used to explore the relationship. The research was carried out in two phases. Phase I was the translation of extrovert-Introvert subscale of Eysneck Personality Questionnaire- Revised (EPQ-R; Eysenck, 1975) into Urdu through priori (judgmental) approach. The pilot study was conducted to assess the psychometric properties of scales to be utilized. The Alpha reliability coefficients were .77, .75 and .75 respectively for the three scales, which was quite satisfactory. In the main study sample of 100 men and women was selected and sub divided into five age groups (n=20 in each group). Results showed that there is significant relationship between mental health and social support. It also indicated that there were significant relationship between mental health, Ext-Int personality trait and age. Moderating effect of Ext-Int personality trait is much stronger and significant than the age that seems to play non-significant role between mental health and social support. Effects of some demographic variables were also explored like gender.

Pages: 295-297
Abu Sufiyan Zilli and Charli (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh)

The present research investigation is aimed to make a comparative study of mental health among Yogic and Non-Yogic practitioners. It was hypothesized that Yogic practitioners would have better mental health as compared to Non-Yogic practitioners. The sample of the present investigation comprises (N = 100) respondents, 50 Yogic and 50 Non-Yogic practitioners. Yogic practitioners were selected from different yogic health centres. Non-yogic practitioners were selected from different part of life. The age of the respondents were found to be ranging in the case of both groups (yogic and non-yogic group) between 18-55 years. Mental Health of individuals was assessed by a highly standardlzed Mental Health Inventory (MHI) which was developed by Srivastava and Banerjee (1997). For analyzing the data and obtaining the appropriate results t-test was used. Statistical analysis revealed the significant differences between Yogic and Non-Yogic practitioners. Yogic practitioners were significantly higher on all dimensions of mental health as well as on overall mental health than Non-Yogic practitioners. It clearly implies that yogic exercises play a crucial role for developing mental health. These findings have been found highly sparkling to its nature.

Pages: 300-301
Alpana Shalini (Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Darbhanga , Bihar)

Unemployment is a complex, multidimensial construct involving not only non-employment but also seeking work and being available for work. Present study entitled "Anxiety and Depression among the Unemployed youths" aims to investigate the effect of unemployment on the mental health of the educated youths, particularly on their level of anxiety and depression. Sixty youths in the age range of 25-35 years from Madhubani district (Bihar) were purposively selected of which 30 were employed and 30 unemployed. They were measured on Sinha Anxiety scale and Beck Depression Inventory to measure their anxiety and depression respectively. The two groups were the compared on the anxiety and depression using the t-test.

Pages: 305-309
Matloob Ahmed Khan (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia)
Mahmoud Shirazi (Department of Psychology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran)
Md. Jasimuddin Khan (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India)

The aim of this study was to examine the mental health among professional and non-professional students. A total of 200 respondents were recruited from Aligarh Muslim University. Mental health was measured by 56 items in mental health inventory designed by Srivastava and Jagdish (1983). Independent t-test was used for analyzing the data. The result shows that independent t-test found significant difference at the mean scores of mental health among students (professional and non-professional) with consideration of course. The independent t-test found no significant difference at the mean scores of mental health among professional students with consideration of residence and gender whereas significant difference was found among non-professional students' mental health with consideration of residence but no significant difference in terms of gender. Early detection for indications of mental health problems and understanding factors contributing to stress among students would promote better understanding of mental health in future and findings suggest that should do more researches about students' mental health.

Pages: 313-314
N. Jain and R. K. Gunthey (Department of Psychology, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur)

Construction of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) was the aim of present research it consists of the categories, viz., Inattention, Impulsivity and Hyperactivity. 60 parents of ADHD children were approached in different special schools of Jodhpur district. Finally 40 parents were worked as sample because of dropouts. 62 items were selected containing the symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity as mentioned in DSM-IV-TR. 56 items were taken after items analysis. Scoring- Never-0, Sometimes-1 and Often- 2 is done for three categories responses with maximum score 112. Test-retest reliability and Criterion related validity is worked out for all subscales as well as for total scores.

Pages: 320-322
Sheeba Ali (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP)

Anxiety sensitivity which refers to a fear of anxiety sensations can be better understood if it is studied in relation to other relevant factors. The present research is concerned with studying anxiety sensitivity in the context of feelings of competence experienced by individuals. The sample comprised of 140 subjects, 70 males and 70 females. Anxiety was measured through The Reiss-Epstein-Gursky Anxiety Sensitivity Index scale (ASI) developed by Peterson and Reiss (1991), and competence through scale constructed by author (Khan, 2003). On the basis of score obtained, on anxiety sensitivity, three groups were formed, high anxiety sensitivity, moderate anxiety sensitivity, low anxiety sensitivity. Inter group comparisons revealed that subjects having high anxiety sensitivity are high on competence, when compared to low anxiety sensitivity subjects. Some differences in the two gender groups were also found.

Pages: 327-329
Pramod Kumar Saharan (Lecturer, College of Nursing Pt. B.D. Sharma, PGIMS)
Sat Pal (Demonstrator, Department of Physiology, Pt. B.D. Sharma, PGIMS)
Harish Kumar (Senior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Pt. B.D. Sharma, PGIMS)
Virender Verma (Senior Resident, Department of Pediatrics, Pt. B.D. Sharma, PGIMS)
Kirti Sharma (Junior Resident, Department of Physiology, Pt. B.D. Sharma, PGIMS)
Ruchi Dabas (Senior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, Pt. B.D. Sharma, PGIMS)
Poonam Rani (Psychologist, Rohtak)

Attitude refers to the expressed feelings of postnatal mothers regarding postnatal care. The new mother may have an inadequate or incorrect understanding of what to expect during the antenatal period and following delivery. Furthermore, new mothers are not aware of various physical and physiological changes associated with postnatal period. Therefore, developing competence and skill in caring for an infant may be anxiety providing for a new mother, family members, nurses and other healthcare professionals. The sample consists of 100 postnatal mothers with normal vaginal delivery, instrumental delivery and operational delivery. The setting for the present study was Primary Health Center, Kyathasandra, Tumkur. Karnataka. More than half of them mothers were breast complications 72%.The overall mean of knowledge and attitude 76.57, 60.41 with SD of 8.77 10.21 mean score was 84.14 and 75.5. There is significant association between knowledge scores and religion, education occupation, family type, income, order of pregnancy. It shows the structured questionnaire was an effective kin imparting the knowledge of postnatal care. Knowledge deficit existed in varying degree in the Postnatal Mothers in various areas. The mothers were enthusiastic in seeking the information postnatal care was very interesting.

Pages: 332-335
Ravinder Yadav (Department of Medical Records, Govt. Medical College & Hospital 32,Chandigarh.)
Jaspal Singh (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala)
Pallvi Aggarwal (Department of Psychiatry, Janta Hospital, Jalandhar)

Rheumatoid arthritis, an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that occurs in about 1-2 % of the adult population, is an autoimmune disease in which a person's immune system which normally protects the body from infection & disease attacks the joint tissues & is commonly associated with chronic inflammation of joints. There are many risk factors associated with rheumatoid arthritis & one of them is gender. Studies have reported that women are three times more likely than men to have rheumatoid arthritis & they have more severe rheumatoid arthritis symptoms than men. Preventing rheumatoid arthritis is better than trying to treat the pain and disability & the other things that come along with it like heart diseases & diabetes. In order to reduce joint stress, ideal body weight should be achieved & maintained as obesity stresses the musculoskeletal system Effective means for reducing stress on specific joints should be used. A diet rich in antioxidants is also recommended for the rheumatoid arthritis patients. The goal of medical care is not only to achieve long term survival but also to achieve the best possible psychological, social and spiritual wellbeing. With increased life expectancy of these patients, complication keep arising such as toxicities, hepatic involvement, psychiatric problems and psychological manifestations. these manifest as anxiety, nervousness, irritability, demanding attention, depression in RA patients. This paper emphasizes the fact that these patients may require something more than simple medical management and also psychological support. we need to develop preventive strategies like adherence counseling, crisis intervention ,psychological counseling and social support and educational programs for awareness .The paper gives a brief overview of the disease and focuses on the behavior of women with RA. We have described their psychological symptoms and strongly recommend psychological intervention as part of effective management plan.