Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 100-105
Rabina Debbarma (Department of Psychology, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu)
G. Umadevi (Department of Psychology, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu)

The present study is performed to examine and understand the impact of internet usage has on adolescents and how they can self-regulate it. In this work, we have highlighted the impact of demographic variables like age, gender, place of living, and parental education. For the study, 200 students were chosen as sample subjects; with their age ranging from 15 to 17 years. Internet Addiction test (IAT) developed by Young (1996) and self-regulation questionnaire (SRQ) devised by Brown, Miller and Lawendowski (1999) were used for data collection.In this study, a statistical analysis such as mean(M), standard deviation (SD), t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is applied by using Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) 20 version. We have found in our study that the age of the subject has a determining factor in self-regulation towards internet addiction. It is also found that the self-regulation regarding internet usage among students differ based on their place of livelihood. It is observed that the father’s educational qualification impacts the self-regulation ability to the internet usage among the sampled students. Whereas the mother’s educational qualification has an impact on the students problematic internet usage. The results have shown that the self-regulation and internet addiction to be negatively correlated.

Pages: 83-92
Rashmi Ranjan Behera (Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal)
Junmoni Borgohain (Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal)
Chirashree Srabani Rath (Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal)
Priyadarshi Patnaik (Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal)

The nationwide lockdown to control Covid-19 spread has rendered millions of female domestic workers in India jobless, and exposed this already vulnerable category to hunger, starvation and even death. The 250-300 odd female domestic workers dependent on residents of Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur campus also found themselves in this financial predicament owning to the complete lockdown for three months. The purpose of this study is to assess mental well-being level of female domestic workers serving residents within IIT Kharagpur campus during three months of complete lockdown. This study also examines if their resilience had any impact on their well-being, and finally investigates factors that helped them stay positive and contributed to their well-being during the lockdown. This study employed a mixed methodology drawing on quantitative and qualitative data from 45 female domestic workers, aged 21-61 years. Data were collected using WHO-5, BRS and participant survey including an open-ended question. Descriptive statistics, correlation, multiple regression and thematic content analysis were used for data analysis. Wellbeing among domestic workers was found to be moderate. Quantitative and quantitative analysis suggested that 'spending time with family during lockdown,' 'getting sound sleep,' receiving help from employers' and 'personally helping someone in need' predicted well-being of domestic workers during lockdown. Age and domestic violence were negative predictors of well-being. Other determinants of wellbeing during the lockdown according to qualitative analysis included 'safety of family members,' 'relief,' 'social support,' 'social engagement,' 'generosity of employers,' 'forced abstinence from alcohol and gambling by spouses', 'rest' and 'care from family members'. While resilience correlated with well-being, it was not found to predict wellbeing. The mean well-being level of domestic workers at IIT Kharagpur, contrary to expectations, -was found to be above the critical 13 point, and they seemed to be better off than those reported in various media, owing to sustained financial support by their employers at IIT Kharagpur and relief material provided by IIT Kharagpur. This suggests the importance of supportive contexts which can significantly affect the well-being of vulnerable communities and people working in informal sector, even during lockdown.

Pages: 73-78
Aziz Ansah (Department of Mental Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Allied Sciences University of Cape Coast,Ghana)
Humphrey Danso Bamfo (Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Educational Foundations College of Education Studies, University of Cape Coast, Ghana)
Anthony K. Nkyi (Department of Guidance and Counselling Faculty of Educational Foundations, College of Education Studies, University of Cape Coast. Ghana)

The study examined non-adherence to psychotropic medications among persons living with mental disorders at the Ankaful Psychiatric Hospital, Ghana. The descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted for the study. The convenience sampling technique was used to select 100 participants for the study. The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) by Morisky was adopted for this study. The Cronbach's alpha for the scale was 0.83. Pretest with Crobach's alpha was 0.8. Frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations and Pearson's correlations were used to analyzethe data. The findings of the study showed that non-adherence to psychotropic medications is relatively prevalent among psychiatric patients at the Ankaful Psychiatric Hospital and that educational level of participants could be used to predict nonadherence to psychotropic medication. Age and marital status were not positively correlated with nonadherence to psychotropic medication. Patients reported that the items outlined on the instrument were not the causative factors for non-adherence to medication. It is recommended that the Ministry of Health (MoH), Ghana Health Services (GHSs) and Mental Health Authorities (MHAs) should sensitize individuals in the community especially mentally ill patients on the need to adhere to the medications.

Pages: 63-68
Jasmeen Kaur (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)
Asha Chawla (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)
Deepika Vig (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study was conducted to assess the association of aggression and family environment among rural and urban adolescents. A total sample of 240 adolescents (120 rural & 120 urban) in the age range of 16-18 years was randomly drawn from four Government Senior Secondary Schools of rural and urban area of Ludhiana district. Aggression Scale by Mathur and Bhatnagar (1995) and Family Environment Scale by Bhatia and Chadha (1993) were used to measure the aggression and family environment of the adolescents. The results revealed that both rural and urban adolescents had average level of aggression. Urban adolescents showed high level of aggression as compared to rural adolescents. The results also demonstrated that family environment affected aggressive behavior of adolescents. Perception levels for various dimensions of family environment were different in urban and rural respondents. Significant locale differences in mean scores were found in expressiveness, conflict, independence, active-recreational orientation and control dimension of family environment. Aggression had negative but significant correlation with cohesion and acceptance and caring in urban adolescents.

Pages: 57-59
Binita Dhungel (Mental Hospital, Lagankhel, Nepal)
Manisha Chapagain (Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal)
Sagun Ballav Pant (Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal)
Suman Prasad Adhikari (Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Bhandarkhal, Kathmandu)
Trishna Ghosh Chettri (Mental Hospital, Lagankhel, Nepal)
Ananta Prasad Adhikari (National Academy of Medical Sciences, Mental Hospital, Lagankhel, Nepal)
Sudip Aryal (Mental Hospital, Lagankhel, Nepal)

Greater indulgence into use of nicotine either via smoked or smokeless form in patients with schizophrenia has been accounted in literature numerous times. Prevalence studies of use and dependence of nicotine are less. Thus this study aimed to find more about use and dependence of nicotine and readiness to quit among schizophrenic patients. Ninety seven patients with Schizophrenia were studied. A hospital based, descriptive, cross sectional study was done at Department of Psychiatry, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH). To screen the nicotine users WHO STEPS was used. For smokers Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence was used and for smokeless tobacco users Modified Fagerström-Smokeless Tobacco was used. Assessment of Motivation: Readiness to Quit Ladder was applied to assess motivation. Twentieth version of Statistical package for social science (SPSS-20) was used to analyze data. Among 97 patients enrolled in the study, 55.7% used tobacco in one form or the other. Smoked tobacco only was used by 50% whereas 27.8% used both smokeless and smoked tobacco. Moderate nicotine dependence was found in 77.7% of smokers whereas 53.3% of combined users were highly dependent. Readiness to quit median value was four. It was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). It was found that in schizophrenics prevalence of nicotine use and dependence is high. Increased tendency to retain nicotine using habits was seen when both smoked and smokeless tobacco were consumed.

Pages: 46-50
Jesline Maria Martin Mamen (Department of Psychology, Kuriakose Elias College, Mannanam, Kottayam, Kerala)
V. Alka (Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka)

In a world where stress has dominion over human life and has become an obstacle to development, the importance of happiness is emphasized. Happiness is a crucial ingredient of well-being and the most valuable goal of human life. Regardless of individual differences,the desire for happiness is widespread. Happy people are more productive, efficient, and healthy. Due to the increasing competition, pressures of society, workload, and expectations, college students are increasingly susceptible to mental health issues and it has become a serious concern. It is believed that extracurricular activities influence the happiness and well-being of students, however, little research has been done on this in Kerala. Information from 180 participants, 60 from each category of the athlete, artiste, and nonathlete/non-artiste students from various colleges of Kerala was collected using a convenient sampling method with the objective being to find whether there is a significant difference in happiness between athlete, artiste, and nonathlete/non-artiste college students and also whether there is a gender difference in happiness within each of the three groups in the study. The survey method, employing The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire by Argyle and Hills (2002) was used to collect data. Analysis of data was done using t-test and ANOVA. The results revealed that all three groups have an average level of happiness and there is no significant difference in happiness between athlete, artiste, and non-athlete/non-artiste college students. No significant difference in happiness among athletes or nonathletes/non-artistes based on gender was found. However, there is a significant difference in happiness among artiste college students based on gender.

Pages: 33-39
Santosh Kumari (Department of Family Resource Management, I.C. College of Home Sciences)
Manju Mehta (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

The present study entitled “Knowledge about indoor plants by homemakers in Hisar city”. Air quality “refers to the condition of the air with surrounding. Air quality is one of the major environmental health concerns for India. Nowadays our lifestyle and work culture are also forcing us to be in the contact of the indoor environment for the long number of hours leading to coverage of various indoor pollutants. The study was undertaken to know the existing knowledge regarding the indoor plants adopted by homemakers in the house of Hisar city. The study was carried out in one phase, survey work. Survey work was carried out in five randomly selected locality of Hisar city. From each selected locality 30 homemakers were randomly selected from each thus making total sample 150 homemakers. The study revealed that level of knowledge regarding indoor plants was medium (68.6%). The maximum homemaker used seasonal plants (60.0%) and 94% use indoor plants for aesthetic purpose and the knowledge level of respondents about of indoor plant and it was found that two third of respondents had medium level of knowledge (68.6%) followed by high level (18.0%) and only 14.0% had low level of knowledge about the indoor plants.

Pages: 21-25
Aruna Rani (Maharishi School of Humanities & Arts, MUIT University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
Rakesh Kumar (Maharishi School of Humanities & Arts, MUIT University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
Sohini Singh (Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)

Job Stress can occur for employees at any level in Healthcare Sector. The Healthcare industry has witnessed stress among the employees for quite a long time. There is growth in employment of women employees in this Sector. The multi role played by them contributes to Job Stress. There are different factors which contribute to Stress among working women which can influence job satisfaction, employee commitment, job involvement, productivity, etc. This research paper investigates the relationship between Job Stress and Productivity. The sample consists of 92 women employees working at all levels in select Health care Industry in Delhi NCR. The data is collected through structured questionnaire. Correlation and regression analysis was conducted to know the influence of Job Stress on Productivity. Also, ANOVA was performed to detect the variance in demographics characteristics on Job Stress. The study results show that there is negative relation between Job Stress and Productivity implying that when there is increase in Job Stress, there is decrease in Productivity. Also, there are no significant differences between select demographic characteristics on Job Stress.

Pages: 10-13
Sathyavathy Chandrasekaran (School of Nursing, Mother Theresa Post Graduate & Research Institute of Health Science, Puducherry, Puducherry)

Culture plays an important role in child rearing and caring practices of the mothers. It always interesting to observe the role of host culture on people who stays in other culture for more than a year. This study has been undertaken to assess and associate the cultural practices of newborn and infant care practices of French women in Puducherry, an old French territory of India . Descriptive research design by survey was used to assess the existing cultural practices among the French women residing in Puducherry, South India regarding new born and infant care practices. French mothers had their baby with them immediately after the delivery. Having the delivery in swimming pool (15%) was a cultural different phenomenon preferred by the French women. Women usually prepare a cotton belt to wrap around the waist and over the cord of the new born infant to prevent potential umbilical hernia. It was evident that the acculturation might have an influence on the newborn and infant care practices of French women who were residing in Puducherry

Pages: 459-465
Anthony K Nkyi (Department of Guidance and Counselling, Faculty of Educational Foundations, College of Education Studies, University of Cape Coast. Ghana. )
Matilda Blay (Department of Guidance and Counselling, Faculty of Educational Foundations, College of Education Studies, University of Cape Coast. Ghana. )

Globally, there is evidence about the numerous challenges associated with nurses’ experiences of occupational burnout. These challenges are more profound in developing countries, including Ghana. The study examined the prevalence, levels of burnout, and the factors that influence burnout among nurses working in Cape Coast Metropolitan Hospital. The descriptive cross-sectional survey was employed in which a census method was used to include 115 participants in the study. The Maslach’s Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey was used for data collection. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.70. Descriptive and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the data. The study found that the nurses reported low levels of burnout with regard to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were low. Working extra hours and number of night shifts per month significantly associated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. It is recommended that nurses should adopt diversional strategies such as having rests and breaks in between their shifts either during the day or night duties to reduce the impact of work-related stress on themselves.

Pages: 470-474
Inad Nawajah (College of science and technology, Hebron University, Palestine)
CarolEl Jabari (MPH, College of Nursing, Hebron University, Palestine)

The current coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic presents the greatest threat to Palestinian public health in living memory. Pandemics are challenging for policymakers because of the scientific and medical uncertainty. Since the outbreak of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19), Palestinian patients have on the most part been assigned to home quarantine.The aim of this study was to explore the effects of being quarantined following exposure to COVID-19 among Palestinian patients in Yatta city. An exploratory qualitative research design was employed with nine questions. In-depth interviews by telephone were conducted over a two week period, June 15 to June 30, 2020.Home quarantine in Yatta, Palestine.A random sample of adults from the lists of ‘positive cases’ published by the Preventive MedicineDepartment. One on one interviews were carried out involving a sample of 10 men and women, aged22-49 years.Despite individual differences, common themes of worried about family, no trust in the government, worried about self-isolation and coping intersected the data. Many interviewees were satisfied about their health status during home quarantinewhile the majority of the interviewees worried about their loss of income.This study provides insights into life and experiences of men and women while underhome quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic. This period was stressful in many aspects such as acquiring reliable information, loss of income and worries about health.

Pages: 479-482
Abraham Kebede Wolde (Department of Psychology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Amhara, Ethiopia)


This study examined the causes of mental health problems among urban residents in Bahir Dar City Administration. To achieve the objectives, data were gathered from residents, psychologists, psychiatrists, and medical doctors though interviews. The qualitative analysis of the data gathered through interviews revealed that mental health problems are linked with social, psychological, and economic factors. Based on the findings conclusions and possible recommendations were also forwarded.

Pages: 486-492
Kalyani Kumawat (Grade 12, Treamis World School, Bangalore, Karnataka)

Teacher stress and burnout have been extensively studied and have been related to the overall mental health of the teachers. The perceived stress and feeling of burnout can be more at the times of unexpected situational demands. The purpose of this rescarch is to study the perceived stress and burnout in teachers in India in online teaching during the time of Pandemic COVID 19. This is a survey research design conducted on 194 teachers acress different cities in India engaged in online teaching after the pandemic.