Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 298-303
Bhavana Shailendranath, Prashant G. Kedlaya, and Renuka Sathish (Department of Nephrology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka)

Nutritional health of an individual is identified by their wellness guide and eating pattern. An evaluation of knowledge regarding renal dietary regimen and adequacy of 'energy and protein' in the diet among hemodialysis (HD) patients was conducted. Dietary intake, knowledge level to comprehend eating pattern and subjective global assessment (SGA) rating was used to determine nutritional status. A three monthly follow up for a year was performed on 90 patients who were either on twice or thrice weekly HD regimen. Knowledge on renal dietary and fluid regimen improved from 8% at pre-test to 59% at post-test which showed concurrence to adherence. Consumption of energy and protein enriched foods supported our patients to achieve a well-nourished nutritional status (81%) assessed through SGA scoring. To improve the nutrition status and awareness on renal dietary regimen among maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) population there is a need for a planned patient associated education intervention.

Pages: 310-315
Arjita Jhingran, Sanyukta Agrawal, and Meetu Khosla (Department of Psychology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

This present study aims to assess the mental health of the people in response to COVID outbreak and how lockdown brings about a change in affect, perceived stress, and anxiety of people in Indian. The data was collected using PANAS (Watson, 1988); Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, 1988); and Beck's Anxiety Inventory (Beck, Brown, & Steer, 1998) from 600 participants including both males and females which encompasses students, working and non-working individuals in the age range of 15-60 years. Results indicated significant differences in affect, perceived stress and anxiety across age. Younger people reported more negative affect (NA), anxiety and perceived stress as compared to older people. Women reported experienced significantly more stress than men. There were significant positive correlations of NA with stress and anxiety. Positive affect was significantly negatively correlated with NA, anxiety and stress. Anxiety and perceived stress were also found to be correlated significantly in a positive relationship. The study has important implications for designing mental health management programs for people experiencing psychological distress due to the pandemic at community level by involving the policy makers and health care practitioners.

Pages: 322-328
Vanika and Seema Sharma (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab)

Guidance and counseling needs of adolescents are those needs necessary to resolve their problems which they experience in day to day life, help to improve their personal development and encourage individual welfare. Friendship is the warp and woof of the social fabric. It does not merely bind society together but provides essential emotional sustenance, buffering against stress and preserving physical and mental health. To assess the provision status of counseling services and identify and compare the counseling needs and friendship patterns of adolescents in government and private schools among adolescents in private and government schools of Ludhiana city. The study was conducted on 240 adolescents (120 government & 120 private). Psychological Counseling Needs Scale by Chouhan and Arora (2009) was used to assess the counseling needs. Dimensions of Friendship Scale by Chandna and Chadha (1986) was used to assess the friendship patterns among adolescents. A self structured questionnaire was used to assess the provision status of guidance and counseling services to adolescents. The results revealed that there was inadequacy of counselor in the government schools. Government school adolescents significantly showed high requirement for psychological counseling needs as compared to private school adolescents. Irrespective of the gender and type of school, results of correlation analysis revealed that the adolescents who have better friendships are in lesser need of counseling services.

Pages: 334-338
Parama Gupta1, Deepshikha Ray2, and Sukanto Sarkar3 (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal1,2 and Additional Professor of Psychiatry, AIIMS, Kalyani, West Bengal3)

The current study explored the mediating role of Neuroticism and Psychoticism involving young adult healthy participants who performed a facial emotion recognition task. There were 4 conditions of exposure to a facial expression prime with negative (anger, sad, fear) emotional valence or neutral valence; when the primes are either presented subliminally or supraliminally. A software SublimiX was used to generate subliminal stimuli and present the priming task. The facial expressions with relevant emotional valence were created using a software called FaceGen Modeller. General health Questionnaire was administered to screen psychiatric morbidity in the participants. Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire was administered to measure the Neuroticism and Psychoticism of participants. The results revealed (i) significant association between nature of supraliminal prime and response categories and (ii) neuroticism scores significantly predict the response categorization when prime is supraliminal and neutral. Findings were discussed in the light of the mediating role of personality traits in visual perception.

Pages: 344-353
Sarthak Gulati1, Dimple Rawat2, Shreya Gulati3, Rinchen Zangmo4, Arti Gulati5, Mahesh Kumar Seth6 Aradhana Kumari7, and Amit Kumar8 (Department of Orthopedics, J.J.M Medical College, Davanagere, Karnataka1, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi2,5,6,7, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi3, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi4, and Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi8)

In the past few decades a worldwide increase is observed in obesity prevalence among women of reproductive age group which may be linked with poor repriductive health outcomes moreover there is contradictory evidence about the effect of obesity on the live-birth following assisted reproducitve technology. To determine the pooled estimate of the association of female obesity with the probability of live birth outcome following in-vitro fertilzation/itractoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI). To evaluate the pooled effect of BMI on live birth as outcome following IVF/ICSI we carried this review. Platform PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane libraray and clinicaltrial.gov were used for literature searching since inception till March, 2020 to identify all the relevant studies. Differences in live births among underweight, normal weight, and overweight women incomparison to the obese group (BMI >30) were determined. For heterogenity >50% raandom-effects otherwise fixed-effects model was used to determine the pooled Risk ratio with 95% CI or pooled Odds Ratio with CI. Joanna Briggs Institute checklist (JBI) was used for methodological quality of the studies. Software STATA version 13, was used to conduct the statistical analysis p-value <0.05 was considered as degree of siginificant association. In the present meta-analysis thirty-two studies were included. Our finding suggests that women with obesity had 26% less live births as compared to women with normal BMI (OR, 0.74, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.78), 17% less live births compared to women with underweight (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.85) and 14% less live births as compared to women with overweight (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.88). The findings of present updated meta-analysis precisely demonstrated that female obesity is negatively associated with live birth rate following IVF/ICSI.

Pages: 361-366
Nirban Manna (Department of Humanities and social Science, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jhakhand)

Theatre and dramatic techniques have long been practiced in a wide range of therapeutic settings like educational intuitions, detoxification counseling centers, hospitals, community organizations, rehabilitation and correctional homes for achieving definite sets of goals. Over the years, several approaches across different contexts have established for the development of different set of population. By using movement base intervention, role play, pretend play and improvisation, the drama-based activities improve cognitive and adaptive functioning of people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by achieving social awareness, imaginative ability, cognition, communication, sympathy and empathy. In India, the art therapy with specialization of the special population is an emerging area. Ramamoorthi Parasuram, one of the very few drama therapists in India, founded drama for autism Centre, Velvi and been working for the development of ASD children since 2004. This paper brings forth his module for drama therapy and analyses how his use of mask, face paint and rehearsing life technique has improved the attention span, eye contact, gross and mine motor skill of the people with ASD. The effect of Velvi's drama therapy is assessed by conducting survey among the parents of such children, then Chi-square test and paired t test is performed for 14 social, behavioral and cognitive indicators.

Pages: 376-379
Kiran Karnatak (Department of Psychology, M.B.G.P.G College, Haldwani (Nainital), Uttarakhand)

Adolescence is a revolutionary state comprising of physical and mental changes. Consequently it leads to physical and emotional disruptions like anxiety, stress, deprivation and frustration. This study aims to find out the relationship between types and directions of frustration on mental health of Kumauni adolescents. Three hundred sixty adolescents served as subjects and were considered for analyzing types and directions of frustration. In this way one thirty two adolescents were taken in consideration and they were put into six treatment conditions, i.e., 22 subjects per cell. Tools used for conducting this study are- Rozenweig's Picture Frustration Test and Jagdish and Srivastava's Mental Health Questionnaire. Findings were obtained by analysis of variance, intercomparison of scores of types and directions of frustration and correlation coefficient between types and directions of frustration.

Pages: 386-390
Arun Kumar Jaiswal, Sakshee Meshram, Varsha Pandey, and Anju Singh (Department of Psychology, Jain (Department of Psychology, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

The study's goal was to evaluate the Hindi version of the Perceived Stress Scale-10's psychometric characteristics, factorial structure, and predictive validity in an Indian cultural environment. Five hundred participants aged 19 to 65 years from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, were given a 10-item Perceived Stress Scale and a Satisfaction with Life Scale in Hindi. Exploratory factor analysis (principal components) of PSS-10 with varimax rotation found two factors, 'Uncontrollable Perceived Stress' and 'Controllable Perceived Stress,' which explained 30.42 % and 17.78 % of variance, respectively, and 48.20 % of variation when combined. The quality of goodness of fit indexes for the two-factor model were found to be quite adequate (RMSEA = 0.06; TLI = 0.92; CFI = 0.94; GFI = 0.97; AGFI = 0.94; RMR = 0.08; SRMR = 0.06). The average item-total correlation coefficients for two subscales were found to be high, while split-half and Cronbach's alpha reliability values for two PSS-10 subscales were found to be acceptable. The Uncontrollable Perceived Stress subscale of the PSS-10 linked favourably with the BDI-II and negatively with Satisfaction with Life Scale, while the Controllable Perceived Stress subscale of the PSS-10 had the negative and positive correlations with BDI-II and Satisfaction with Life Scale, indicating its convergent validity. On both PSS-10 subscales, no significant gender differences were found.

Pages: 403-407
कविता राय (इलाहाबाद डिग्री कॉलेज, (संघटक महाविद्यालय), केन्द्रीय विश्वविद्यालय इलाहाबाद, उत्तर प्रदेश)

प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र ऐसे जीवनवृत्त् अध्ययन (Case-Study) पर आधारित है जिसमें स्कूली उम्र के बच्चों के माता-पिता या शिक्षक ने व्यक्तिगत संपर्क कर बच्चे की व्यवहारिक दिक्कत हेतु सुझाव माँगा। बच्चे के बारे में स्वयं उससे बातचीत, माता-पिता एवं शिक्षक से पृथक-पृथक बातचीत (साक्षात्कार) करके उसकी पारिवारिक पृष्ठभूमि, व्यक्तित्व गुणों, समस्या के आरंभ एवं आवश्यक होने पर मनोवैज्ञानिक परीक्षण द्वारा जानकारी एकत्र की गई। समस्त स्रोतों से प्राप्त जानकारियों का/सूचनाओं का गहन मनोवैज्ञानिक विश्लेषण किया गया। गहन मनोवैज्ञानिक विश्लेषण द्वारा समस्या के कारण की पहचान की गई। तदोपरान्त उसके समाधान के लिए माता-पिता एवं शिक्षकों को उपयुक्त व्यवहार संशोधन तकनीक के उपयोग का सुझाव दिया गया। परामर्शदाता द्वारा दिए गए सुझावों पर अमल करने से कुछ माह में बच्चों की समस्याएँ दूर हो गई।

Pages: 150-153
Farjana Begum1, Malik Hadayet Ullah2, and Nasrin Nahar3 (Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh1,1, and Department of Psychology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh3)

The present study investigated the relationships among job satisfaction, mental well-being and turnover intention of employees of pharmaceutical industries in Bangladesh. A total of 85 male employees were selected purposively from 10 renowned pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh. Of them 46 and 39 were from official- and field setting, respectively. Job satisfaction, mental-wellbeingand turnover intention of pharmaceutical employees was assessed by using adapted version of job satisfaction scale (Rahman, 2003); Turnover Intention scale (Gani, Rahman, & Wadud, 2015); and mental well-being scale (Rahman & Imran, 2013). Results of correlation analysis showed that job satisfaction, mental well-being, and turnover intention were significantly correlated. Independent sample t test revealed significant differences between official and field setting employees in job satisfaction and turnover. The findings have been interpreted in the light of past studies.