Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 57-61 Rekha Johny Neelankavil and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines) The present study observed the possible predictive effect of perceived stress on the depressive symptoms of wives of alcohol-dependent persons. Participants of the study involved 204 selected wives of alcohol-dependent persons from the 20 Kudumbasree groups (Women self-help group in Kerala, India) who completed the Perceived stress scale and Depressive Anxiety Stress Scale that measured perceived stress and depressive symptoms respectively. The results of the study showed a significantly positive relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms. Moreover, a regression analysis of the data showed that a significant variance of 60.3% of the depressive symptoms. The present study clearly gave the idea of perceived stress reduction can lessen the development of depressive symptoms among the participants. Thus, the present study recommends the need for a psychotherapeutic intervention program to be developed that can reduce perceived stress and depressive symptoms among wives of alcohol-dependent persons. Keywords: perceived stress, depressive symptoms, wives of alcohol-dependent persons DOI: https://doi.org/10.15614/IJHW.v11i01.13

Pages: 66-74 Solomon Melesse and Mulu Melesse (Department College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Teacher Education and Curriculum Studies, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia) The purpose of this study was to assess practitioners' perceived involvement and challenges they encountered in the process of curriculum development in Secondary schools of Amhara Sayintworeda. Mixed research design was employed to provide answer to the basic questions of this research. The sample consisted of 125 secondary school teachers, 3 school principals, 4 vice principals, and 1 supervisor. Proportional random sampling technique was used to select the sample teachers and comprehensive sampling technique was used to select the sample school principals, vice principals, and the supervisor. The data was collected through questionnaire and semi-structured interview. The collected data was analyzed using percentage, one sample t-test and thematic description. The findings indicated low practitioners' perceived involvement in all the curriculum development phases other than curriculum implementation. Absence of financial and material incentives and practitioners' lack of motivation were considered as the major inhibiting factors for practitioners' involvement in the different phases of the curriculum development process. On the basis of the major findings, relevant recommendations are suggested in the paper. Keywords: curriculum development process, participation, challenges, phases of curriculum development DOI: https://doi.org/10.15614/IJHW.v11i01.15

Pages: 79-83 S. Anagha and G. C. Navyashree (Department of Psychology, SDM PG Centre, Ujire, Karnataka) Young adults are in an intermediate phase as they are emerging from adolescence to adulthood. During adolescence, they face various distractions which creates a significant impact on their academic performance. Sometimes it may also result is academic failures. Academic resilience is the ability to cope with failures during the educative years in one's life. The extent to which an individual is resilient, is affected by the support and encouragement received during the time of crisis. This study measures the level of academic resilience across gender and course of study among young adults who have had low academic performance in II PUC /12th grades and explores the combined affect of gender and course of study on academic resilience. The data was collected from 61 participants, (26 females & 35 males) using Google forms, across the states of Karnataka and Kerala. The Academic Resilience Scale [ARS-30] by Martin and Marsh (2006) was used for assessing the academic resilience, The data represented normal distribution, hence Two-way ANOVA is used for statistical analysis. The results revealed that males are academically more resilient. Significant difference is seen among participants, across their course of study, with respect to the level of academic resilience. There is significant interaction effect of gender and course of study on academic resilience among young adults. Keywords: academic resilience, male and female, young adults DOI: https://doi.org/10.15614/IJHW.v11i01.17

Pages: 93-99 Beredugo, Letticia Ikiomoye and Adeyanju, Awoniyi Babafemi (Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Sciences, College of Health Sciences Niger Delta University, Amassoma, Wilberforce Islan Bayelsa state, Nigeria ) Nkamare, Maureen Bunadoumene (Department of Maternal and Child Health Nursing Faculty of Nursing Sciences, College of Health Sciences Niger Delta University, Amassoma, Wilberforce Island Bayelsa State, Nigeria ) Amabebe, Binaebi (Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Niger Delta University, Amassoma, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria) The practice of early marriage for women remains rampant in developing nations around the world today, and it is a major problem contributing to maternal ill health and death in Nigeria. It has consequence on both social and health of not only the girl child but the children born to these young mothers. The aim of the study is to identify the determinant factors and health implications of early marriage on the girl-child in Otuan Community, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A descriptive study was done using a descriptive cross-sectional survey type of design, One hundred and thirteen (113) respondents were recruited for the study. A self-developed pilot tested questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The instrument was face validated by three experts in the field of Nursing and research; reliability was established using the test retested method and a retest coefficient of 0.82 was arrived at; and data generated were analysed. The study found that; majority of the respondents identified poverty/economic hardship, tradition and culture of the people, area of settlement, peer group and parental neglect as determinant factors that influences early girl-child marriage. The respondents also identified maternal and infant death, sexually transmitted diseases, child disability, prolonged sickness after birth and psychosocial problems as health implication of early girl-child marriage. The study further revealed that the girls had experienced excessive bleeding, anaemia, and prolonged/obstructed labour as complications during pregnancy. The study found that increased educational attainment among girls, risks, change of cultural norms that support early child marriage, and provision of economic opportunities for girls and their families as ways of preventing early girl-child marriage. it is recommended that proper education of girls and parents on the associated risk of early girl-child marriage and formulation of laws and policies to protect adolescent is advocated. Keywords: adolescent, child health, early marriage, girl child, health implications DOI: https://doi.org/10.15614/IJHW.v11i01.19

Pages: 106-110 Basavaraj Shrinivasa and Ameer Hamza (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka) Shyam Sundar Arumugham (Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka) Mental illness in one of the members takes a heavy toll on the family. Symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) not only affect the individual, but also impact the individual's environment. Family members are easily drawn into compulsive rituals or avoidance behaviors in order to prevent or reduce the distress related to the illness. Such behaviors of family members may serve the same function as compulsions which are contradictory to the principles of exposure-based interventions used in the treatment of OCD. Given this bidirectional relationship between family reactions and symptomatology in the affected person, family context plays an important role in the maintenance and treatment of OCD. Thus, it is imperative to understand the role family variables that can have an effect on the course/outcome of illness, which might also help in management of this complex psychosocial condition. In this review, we briefly discuss the impact of OCD on family and how family members contribute to the maintenance of the symptoms of illness with their responses. The possible ways of engaging the family members in the treatment to address relevant family variables are also discussed.

Pages: 115-118 Madhu Bala (Department of Psychology, R.B.S. College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh) Neetu Chaudhary (Department of Psychology, N.R.E.C. College, Khurja, Uttar Pradesh) In the current time, the use of technologies has become propensity more than necessity. Nobody has gotten away from them nor left youth or old. It's totally relying upon us How to utilize it? One such live innovation is a Smartphone. At only one touch we approach any data about the entire world. It is very easy to carry in our pocket so everyone can use it anytime whenever. Smartphone has some constructive as well as some cynical aspects too. Nomophobia is a negative face of the smartphone. Nomophobia is the irrational dread of being without cell phones or being not able to utilize phones (situational phobia) for some reason such as some signal or battery issues. Theprimary point of the current research is to find out the proportion of Nomophobia among understudies with regardof gender and age in Agra city. For this purpose, a total number of 300 students were selected by randomization (150 males & 150 females) from the age scope of 15-20 years. The data was taken by using a self-administered questionnaire NMP-Q developed by Yilidirim and Correia. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mean and Chi-square. Results revealed that there is a significant difference between male and female score on nomophobia. The other result indicates that early adolescents positively related to Nomophobia as compare to late adolescents. In India, one person can use multiple cell phones. There is no minimum age to use mobile phones. It is adding fuel to the pre-existing problem of Nomophobia. Telecom Administrative Authority of India (TRAI) should assume a functioning job by making an arrangement/law that "setting based methodology" on cell phone limitations among individuals ought to be followed. A demonstration will be detailed, under this demonstration. There ought to choose the least age for portable use. It will assist a great deal with curbing the circumstance. Keywords: nomophobia, students, gender and age DOI: https://doi.org/10.15614/IJHW.v11i01.23

Pages: 129-131 Ekta Melkani and Manju Mehta (Department of Family Resource Management, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) Most of the families of a village Mangali in Hisar block of Haryana are involved in production of wooden beads for decades. The production process is a joint effort made by both male and female members of the family. However the works done by male members start from procurement of wood to making of beads till their marketing whereas women work to string the beads for whole days and give them finishing looks for selling in not more than 50-100 rupees per day that too only if work is available in abundance. Even the male members only get a limited selling price as all the benefits are secured by the middlemen. The women also face physiological hazards and musculo-skeletal discomforts for doing all the works sitting on floor in a bending posture. The plight of the women is so high that even after the long day seasonal field works, they are sitting over floors in a bent posture which is causing them discomforts over the body for next many days. The activities performed by the women which are related to beads are numerous in nature like jewellery, crafts, etc, and hence the postures. Squatting and cross legged are the major postures that are observed among the women in forward-bent condition and which cause them further musculo-skeletal disorders. A workstation having the facilities regarding back support, eye-level works, wrist support, storage and light requirements is suggested. The multipurpose workstation can help the women to healthy work not for the bead works only but also for other housing chores to speed the activities and enhance the productivity. Keywords: Mangali village, bead products, floor sitting, workstations, MSDs, productivity DOI: https://doi.org/10.15614/IJHW.v11i01.25

Pages: 135-138 Ivan Das and Anjana Bhattacharjee (Department of Psychology, Tripura University, Tripura) The outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) which started in December, last year has claimed thousands of life around the world. Utilizing the existing COVID-19 database, this article attempted to compare the status of infection cases and death of the four significantly affected nations of Indian subcontinent (ISC): Bangladesh, India, Maldives and Pakistan with the top 4 affected nations of the world, today. This article is also an attempt to conduct a trend analysis to predict the upcoming cases in exclusively the ISC countries. The results suggest that Pakistan and India should be well prepared in the coming one month. Finally, the needs of psychosocial support and the psychotherapeutic interventions were elucidated to help preserve the mental health of the people in this hour of crisis. Keywords: COVID-19, mental health, psychological intervention DOI: https://doi.org/10.15614/IJHW.v11i01.27

Pages: 290-294 Kritika Dudeja and Shanti Balda (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I.C. Collage of Home Science, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana) The present study was conducted in Bhiwani district of Haryana state. One private and one government school were selected from rural area and one private and one government school were selected from Bhiwani city. From each school 30 boys and 30 girls in the age group of 14 to 16 years were selected at random, thus, 60 children from each school and a total of 240 children, representing both the sexes in equal number. Study habits of students were assessed by Study Habit scale developed by (Rani & Jaidka, 2015). Results revealed that majority of rural and urban students belonged to average categories in concentration, use of e-resources, interaction and overall study habits. While in planning, comprehension and drilling, majority of students from rural, urban and total sample belonged to above average category. For study sets, about equal numbers of students belonged to average and above average categories. Results further showed that there was positive correlations between family income, mass media exposure, participation in sports and study habits of high school students. This study will help in better understanding of study habits of high school students.

Pages: 298-300<br Aashna Dhingra, Ajay Bhambal, and Saman KhanDepartment of Public Health DentistryPeople's College of Dental Sciences and Research CentreBhopal, Madhya Pradesh Annette BhambalDepartment of Oral Medicine and RadiologyPeople's College of Dental Sciences and Research CentreBhopal, Madhya Pradesh Continuous evaluation of OHRQoL links the social and clinical impact indicators, thus measuring the magnitude with which health status hampers normal functions, social roles, producing major changes in behaviour. Appraisal of OHRQoLdone using self-assessment method is a conscious estimation, based on individual answers to related questions. Across-sectional study among 100 bank employees in city of Bhopal was conducted. Aself-administered, pretested questionnaire was used, which incorporated 9 close ended questions. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 23.0.The age range of the participants was 22 60 years, with a mean age of 38.3 years. Majority (44%) rated their oral health as being good. Significant number of subjects feel that dental problems affect their work (40%), sleep (42%) and social activities (54%). Dental problems cause difficulty in eating in 52% and tooth loss affects their quality of life in 22% of the bankers. The results of the present study support the hypothesis that oral health affects the quality of life. Cohort of bank employees gives us a sample of people, who are educated, employed, experience work stress, encounter social interactions and strive for a better quality of life. The results were compliant with those of study by Christopher O and FB Lawal, but differ from those by Nandita Association of factors such as social, stress, environment etc. form the basis for estimation of OHRQoLin work setups. These associations are essential in determination of the impact of oral health on quality of life and research should involve continuation evaluation of these.

Pages: 308-316 Narayanan Annalakshmi (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) Adolescence is a stage of rapid psychosocial development that poses challenges to adaptation in those who lack the resources needed for adaptation. The adolescents from low socioeconomic rural backgrounds are at increased risk for psychosocial development. The risk factors, along with protective factors existing at multiple social-ecological levels, are critical in shaping the resilience of these adolescents. The present study examines the effect of multiple-level systems, viz., individual, family, school, extended family, neighborhood, social services, local policies, and mass media in contributing to psychological resilience among adolescents at-risk for healthy psychological development. A sample of 2010 adolescent students between 12 and 18 years of age from low SES studying in rural government schools who were recruited from nine schools to participate in this study completed a survey on protective factors and resilience. Interviews with parents, teachers, head teachers, district educational officers, personnel from NGOs, and media were conducted to understand the risk factors that thwart healthy development among rural adolescents. A series of one-way ANOVAs and regression were employed to examine the effect of gender, areas of residence, and religion on protective factors. Interviews were content analyzed to understand the risk factors present in the lives of these adolescents studying in rural schools from low SES families. Adolescent girls, rural students, and those from religious minority groups endorsed lesser protective factors compared to their counterparts. Interview data revealed a lack of standardized procedures to identify vulnerable students, limited interaction between parents and school, and a restricted role played by NGOs and media in promoting resilience among young students. The findings have implications for future research, practice, and policy concerning adolescents at-risk.

Pages: 324-333 Sreeparna Chowdhury (Syamaprasad Institute of Education and Training, Kolkata, West Bengal) Santoshi Halder (Department of Education, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal) A systematic review was conducted to examine motivation related facilitators and barriers to adaptive academic help-seeking among learners. The review included 31 studies dealing with both adaptive and maladaptive help-seeking behaviour. The motivational facilitators and Barriers to adaptive academic help-seeking included goal orientation, self-perception, attitude and beliefs, academic achievement, interpersonal/social relations and teacher behaviour. Significant gaps were identified where more methodologically sound researches are needed. Strategies for developing appropriate, healthy and active help-seeking strategies were discussed in order to effectively promote better quality of learning.

Pages: 337-343 Mohammed Isam Mohammed Abdel-Magid (Specialist Physician, Health Assistance Medical Services, Doha, Qatar) Isam Mohammed Abdel-Magid (Head Proofreading and Revision Department at the Centre of Scientific Publications, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia) Desert cities are special type of places that need extra environmental care and additional health planning during the process of growth and development. Special considerations and regards ought to be paid to health-related projects like building hospitals, primary health care (PHC) centers, emergency services, sanitation facilities, etc. In a country like Saudi Arabia, where deserts form a large part of the available biome, selecting which cities and places to focus on during health-related project development can be a difficult process, lacking proper ways of classifying and comparing the general health status of the population. While there are established indices to calculate other health-related qualities, like the Air Quality Health Index, there is no general health quality index. The article presented herein advocates an appropriate formula for a health quality index, HQI, as a tool for quantifying health quality for any given desert community. HQI is intended to offer a unique number, which expresses overall health quality at a certain desert locality, at a specified period of time, which is based on several quality parameters and health indicators. The objective of HQI is to turn complex health quality data into flat, simple information that is understandable and usable by health authorities, the public and desert community members. HQI depicts the composite influence of different public health quality parameters and communicates health quality information to the general public and legislative decision makers. It is intended to represent a reliable picture of the overall health quality within a particular community. Purchase PDF Purchase hard copy