Indian Journal of Positive Psychology

Page: 228-231
M. Abinayaa and R. Nithya (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

According to a national study on US youth children in 2021, cyberbullying peaks between the ages of 14 and 15. Cyberbullying is defined as a wilful and repetitive injury caused by computers, mobile phones, and other electronic devices. Bullying's psychological consequences have been proven to be more harmful among children in their early teens. This might be concerning because adolescent growth is critical to developing a healthy personality in maturity. The presence of an Om syllable throughout the Upanishads, Bhagwat Gita, and Vedas elevates it to Hinduism's most significant sacred symbol. Om mediation has been practically proven form to reduce stress and anxiety. Assertiveness training is a sort of behaviour therapy that focuses on strengthening individuals' assertive, self-assured conduct and teaching them a more confident, successful communication style. The present study is conducted with the objective to examine the effect of Multimodal therapy on Cyberbullying and Psychological distress among adolescent students. A total number of 50 adolescent students were identified with the age range of 12-15 years, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria from the Coimbatore district. The tools used for the study were Kessler's Scale by Kessler KC and Cyberbullying scale by Cigdem Topcu. Paired t-test was conducted for finding the statistical analysis and the result revealed that there is a significant change in the level of Cyberbullying and Psychological distress before and after the intervention. The multimodal therapy intervention is effective in reducing the levels of cyberbullying and psychological distress.

Page: 238-243
Ammu G. Thampi1 and Keshava Pai2 (Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka1 and Department of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka2)

It is of no doubt that health professionals perform unique and demanding roles in their professional setting, exposing them to high levels of occupational stress and burnout, particularly in a country like India. Perfectionism is explained as a personality trait that has been studied to have an impact on variables like Job Burnout, Job Satisfaction, etc, which is not a rare trait among such professionals. Job Burnout can be understood as having three parts, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization/cynicism, and reduced personal accomplishment/efficacy. Through this study, we aim at understanding if psychological capital, which is a state like higher-order variable, has a mediating effect on the relationship between perfectionism and job burnout among healthcare professionals in India. 114 healthcare professionals currently practicing in India took part in the study. The Psychological Capital Questionnaire (2007); Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (1990); and The Job Burnout Scale (2009) were administered for measuring the variables. The mediation was studied by regression analysis and partial correlation. From the results of the current study, it was revealed that psychological capital has a mediating effect on the relationship between perfectionism and job burnout. Other results of the study included a highly significant correlation between perfectionism and burnout and between psychological capital and burnout. No significant correlation was established between perfectionism and psychological capital or its components, other than optimism. The Covid-19 pandemic situation in the country at the time of data collection of the study cannot be ignored while discussing the results of this study.

Page: 249-255
Soochit Bhat1, Anjum Mohideen2, and Ruchi Dubey Chaturvedi3 (TYBA Psychology Majors Batch 2021-221,2 and Department of Psychology, Jai Hind College (Autonomous), Mumbai, Maharashtra3)

Internships have been used by students from all domains as a way to equip themselves with practical knowledge about their field of work, develop appropriate skills, and understand their own competence with respect to the job. However, the majority of research in I/O Psychology focuses on full-time employees; and even with interns, the research takes more of a career orientation. Thus, we wanted to understand the psychological impact of internships and explore what specific aspects of internships can help build the self-efficacy of interns and increase their affective commitment towards this learning experience. We hypothesized that supervisory support at the internship and the challenge of the work will be significant predictors of self-efficacy and affective commitment in interns. Data collection was carried out online via google forms using the purposive sampling method. The sample comprised of undergraduate-level interns (N = 106, Mage = 20.16) from the fields of commerce, humanities, and social sciences who were studying in various colleges within Mumbai. A multiple regression model was used to analyze the influence of the predictor variables on the outcome variables. Further, differences based on sample demographics were analyzed using independent samples t-tests and single factor ANOVAs. The results revealed that Supervisory Support and Job Challenge, jointly, were significant predictors of both Self-Efficacy and Affective Commitment. These results were then further analyzed in relation to existing literature, along with a discussion of its implications and limitations.

Page: 261-265
Poonam, Chandrakala Singh, and Jyoti Sihag (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

The period of adolescence is vital for a person's total growth, both mentally and physically. It is the state or process of growing up. The growth and development of the person are dependent on the family. Motivation, job performance, decision-making, effective management, and leadership all depend on emotional intelligence. This research examines the impact of emotional intelligence and family environment on the personality of rural adolescents. Good Mental health and wellness is significantly predicted by personality. The study was conducted in rural areas of Bhiwani district and Gurugram district of Haryana State. Each district sample constituted of randomly selected 120 adolescents including 60 males and 60 females. The results revealed that the majority of the adolescents had an average level of emotional intelligence, personality, and family environment. Emotional intelligence and personality are associated with some personal and socio-economic variables like parental education, parental occupation, ordinal position, and number of siblings, and annual family income. The comparison revealed that Talu village, adolescents' were found better in emotional intelligence and personality than Mahu village's, adolescents. Study also suggests that a positive and significant relationship exists between emotional intelligence and family environment among adolescents.

Page: 270-274
Sanjay Kumar Bhogta1 and K. S. Sengar2 (Department of Psychology, K.O. College, Gumla Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand1 and Department of Clinical Psychology, RINPAS, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand2)

Metacognitive Training (MCT) is a manual-based training program that aims to raise awareness of common cognitive biases and highlight negative consequences in the daily functioning of psychotic/deluded patients. The aim and objectives of the study are to find out the role of MCT to see changes in social behaviour, metacognition and reduction in severity of delusion in patients with delusional disorder. This is a prepared hospital based study, i.e., using pre and post-intervention with control group design. Twenty (20) diagnosed cases of delusional disorder were elected from the RINPAS, Kanke, Ranchi in which Ten (10) patients were randomly selected for the adjunctive treatment, i.e., MCT + Pharmacology, and rest of the patients (10) controlled as treatment as usual. Assessments were done at three stages i.e. baseline, post-training (16 sessions), and to follow-up (2 months). Social behaviour measured by Social Behaviour Assessment Inventory (SBAI) similarly, metacognition by Metacognitive Questionnaire (MCQ), and severity of Delusion by PSYRATS-delusion. Statistically, significant changes were seen in scores of the experimental group than the control group in the form of social behavior, i.e., self-related behavior, environmental, task-related and interpersonal behavior., metacognition, i.e., negative beliefs towards worry concern with uncontrolled danger, positive beliefs about worry, controlling thoughts, cognitive self-conscious and low cognitive confidence and, in the current status of severity of delusion, i.e., disruption in life caused by negative beliefs, preoccupation with delusions, amount and intensity of distress, duration of preoccupation & conviction. The role of metacognitive training is more effective along with pharmacotherapy in respect to changes in the current status of social behavior, metacognition and in the severity of delusion in patients with delusional disorder.

Page: 279-283
Madiha Rehman (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh)

The nurses face many challenges and stressful situations and that is because of the nature of their work, pressure, and chaos on a day-to-day basis due to which they are likely to face more burnout. Burnout is generally described as exhaustion at physical, mental, and emotional levels. They performed multiple tasks such as providing direct medical care; fulfilling the patient's need and comforting patient and their families. All these responsibilities can easily result in job burnout. Since burnout is an alarming situation nowadays, the proposed solution is focusing on increasing spiritual health and Psychological Capital or PsyCap of nurses. Spiritual health is emerging as an important tool in medical practice. Spiritual health is about the connection with the self, others, nature, and God. The concept of PsyCap which is generally regarded as a positive developmental state of an individual is a drive from 'Positive Organizational Behaviour'. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between three variables, i.e., psychological capital, spiritual health, and job burnout among nurses. To fulfill the above objective Maslach Burnout Inventory, Spiritual Health Assessment Scale, and Psychological Capital questionnaire 24 (PCQ) 2007 were used. 130 participants from the public and private sectors were selected based on convenience sampling. The result of this study shows that spiritual health and psychological capital were significantly correlated with emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishments; however, depersonalization was not significantly correlated with either category. Spiritual health was found to be a significant predictor of job burnout, although psychological capital was not.

Page: 290-293
Savita Bansal1, Nishita Narula2, Akshi Malhotra3, Akif Ali4, and Abid Meraj5 (Department of Pathology, FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad Haryana1,2,3, and FDS, MRIIRS, Faridabad Haryana4,5)

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic led to a huge shift in the lifestyle patterns of the entire global population. The pandemic led to a regression in the overall health of an individual, be it physical, mental, or social well-being. Being physically active not only keeps the mind calm but also reduces the risk of disease. A healthy adult should work out at least 75 minutes a week. Getting infected by a virus like the COVID-19 virus indicated the abstinence from working out and exercising for a certain time period due to a significant effect on the stamina and overall health of individuals. According to the study conducted, 22.7% of the respondents did not undertake any form of physical exercise before getting infected with the virus but it reduced to 11.3% post-COVID infection, this has been correlated with the time required to rest before resuming the exercise regime after recovering. It is also seen that there has been a significant reduction in the stamina of 39% of the respondents due to the infection with the virus. The perspective of the population on the importance of various forms of physical exercises such as breathing exercises, yoga, etc. was also assessed. The aftermath of the viral outbreak on the physical activity of the population should not be disregarded.

Page: 299-304
Palav Mehta and Mahimna Vyas (Amity Institute of Behavioural & Allied Sciences, Amity University Maharashtra)

Flow is a state of entire immersion in the present action, which can lead to effortless and joyful performances. The primary objective of this systematic literature review was directed toward comprehending the meaning of flow in students' everyday activities, analysing the link between flow and intrinsic motivation, investigating variables that impact the occurrence of flow, and investigating how flow is achieved. In order to achieve the decided objectives, a PRISMA directed systematic review was conducted in April 2022 to examine the empirical evidence for a flow intrinsic motivation relationship, factors contributing to the enhancement of the flow state and intrinsic motives in students. Peer-reviewed publications that analysed the association between flow and intrinsic motivation in education and the learning domain were explored for using three online databases of Scopus, PubMed, and JSTOR with the same search strings. A total of eight publications fulfilled the inclusion criteria, consisting of 15 studies that were suitable for thematic analysis. The eligibility of the selected studies to be included in the study was done using the Qualysyst Tool, which yielded a cut-off summary score of 0.80 and above. These 8 studies were further studied for thematic analysis. The results depicted a strong positive correlation between the states of intrinsic motivation and experience of the flow situation. It was also established that the balance of complexities and skills, as well as immersion in the task, including explicitly stated goals and timely feedback, create the way for a flow experience.

Page: 310-320
Ramya Ranjan Behera, Ranajit Bera, and Diganta Panda (Rekhi Centre of Excellence for the Science of Happiness, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal)

The study of subjective well-being has become a prime new topic in what we know about the causes and effects of migration. It has the potential to make important contributions to the field of migration studies. This paper tries to organise and assess the developing research on migration and happiness from a worldwide perspective. Both internal and international migration are examined in this paper, which also takes into account the perspectives of many stakeholders, like migrants themselves, as well as the host communities and extended families that they leave behind. The study found that migration decisions are greatly influenced by happiness, with somewhat dissatisfied people moving to happier places even after taking into consideration traditional migration predictors. When it comes to global migration, the majority of international migrants report happiness gains, whereas hosting communities have a mixed but minor effect, and family members who remain behind report an overall favourable impact on evaluative well-being but a negative impact on emotional well-being. The consequences, on the other hand, are highly context-dependent and there is a significant variance between individuals. Internal migrants are less affected by migration. Overall, the study concludes that migration improves the world by primarily benefiting migrants while having only minor negative consequences for host communities.

Pages: 76-78
David Bennett (School of Business and Management, University of the Commonwealth Caribbean, Kingston, Jamaica)

Job satisfaction has been an important topic in all fields including teacher education research. As a result, this research study attempted to measure the type of correlation between overall job satisfaction and overall organizational commitment among school teachers in the public educational system in the Caribbean region. The study had a sample size of 200 secondary school teachers and convenience sampling was utilized to collect the data. The data set was analyzed with the use of Pearson's r correlation. The result showed that there was a very weak correlation between overall job satisfaction and overall organizational commitment among school teachers in the public educational system in the Caribbean region, rs (200) = 0.393, p < 0.01.