IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review
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Page: 505-511 A marked increase in the use of social media put a large number of people at risk of feeling lonely, depressed, and anxious. Ordinary people, influencers and therapists have become mental health advocates with instant messaging, quick posts, uplifting thoughts and advice for their followers. The information presented may leave viewers feeling further traumatized or confused. The rationale behind studying this topic was to study the impact of fake influencers on social media on mental health of adults in the context of India. This study tries to focus on the gaps in the literature available on the topic and tries to find the impacts, and effective ways to identify and tackle this quackery. The methodology used was a qualitative analysis of primary data gathered from online semi-structured interviews. Interviews of two mental health professionals and three people from the field of tarot card reading, graphology and online counselling with a short diploma course for therapy and counselling were taken. In addition, a book titled 'Shamans, Mystics and Doctors- A Psychological Inquiry into India and Its Healing Traditions' by Sudhir Kakar was taken as secondary data. The results identify the causes of growth in pseudoscientific practices, analyses the impact and provide recommendations to tackle the same. The conclusion summarizes the key findings and broader implications. This is a qualitative study and thus has individual opinions and thought processes about the topic. It may be ridden with systematic biases, even though it's important to study it. |
Page: 512-518 Leadership is critical for organizational success. In order to facilitate successful performance, it is important to understand and accurately measure the behavioural attributes of a leader (Robins, Judge, & Sanghi, 2009). An effective leader should be able to handle strategy, manage resources, foresee change and still be humane. Although there are numerous studies depicting the traits of effective leaders, there aren't enough studies emphasizing their behavioural attributes. There has been very little research on leadership using the qualitative approach in the Indian context. The current study aims to explore the behavioural attributes of effective leaders. Participants of the study were 60 leaders of various organizations of IT and ITES sectors. Unstructured interview and focus group discussion method was used to elicit the dominant behavioural attributes. Thematic analysis was done using Grounded Theory. The common themes highlighted the factors of Strategic, Change, Operational, Performance and Entrepreneur (SCOPE) leadership. The research highlights cultural and gender differences in conceptualization of the themes of leadership in Indian and western context. The results obtained will be useful to recruit and promote candidates to leadership positions by using this framework of the SCOPE model. The present study will contribute to designing a psychometric tool for gauging effective leadership behaviours. |
Page: 519-521 The purpose of this research is to conduct a literature evaluation of previous studies and reports that have been centered on the concept of need fulfilment. This will include the investigation of photographers' feelings of “autonomy, competence, and relatedness.” For the purpose of the study, we chose the research articles written in English that were both the finest and the most relevant. An examination study is carried out. After completing the research, we came to the conclusion that fundamental psychological demands include “autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Furthermore, self-determination theory (SDT)” proposes that individuals are inherently inquisitive and aspire to perform well in life. |
Page: 522-527 स्वामी तोतापुरी के बारे में जानकारी देने वाले स्रोत काफी सीमित है जिसके कारण उनके संदर्भ में शोध करना असंभव नहीं तो कठिन अवश्य है फिर भी उपलब्ध साक्ष्यों के आधार पर यह कहा जा सकता है कि वह कैथल के समीपवर्ती गांव बाबा लदाना के पुरी आश्रम के संत थे। यह आश्रम 18 वीं शताब्दी में बाबा राजपुरी के द्वारा स्थापित किया गया था। मठ परंपरा के अनुसार यह आश्रम शंकराचार्य की श्रृंगेरी पीठ के साथ जुड़ा है यहां के वर्तमान संत सामान्य वेशभूषा में रहते हैं, परंतु प्रारंभिक दौर में ये नाथ संप्रदाय के नागा संतो की भांति रहते थे अर्थात वे शरीर पर किसी तरह के वस्त्र धारण नहीं करते थे और दसों दिशाओं को वस्त्र मानते थे। ये संत जहां त्याग की विशिष्ट पहचान से अपने आप को स्थापित करते थे, वहीं लोभ, मोह, शोक व लज्जा से मुक्त होकर जीवन जीते थे। स्थानीय स्तर पर जनमानस के साथ-साथ अति विशिष्ट व्यक्ति जागीरदार, जमीदार, कुलीन तथा शासन व्यवस्था में ऊंची पहुंच वाले लोग भी इनके प्रति आदर व स्नेह रखते थे। आश्रम के रिकॉर्ड के अनुसार स्वामी तोतापुरी जी गुरु शिष्य-परंपरा की कड़ी में बाबा ज्ञान पुरी के बाद इस आश्रम के प्रमुख बने तथा 1871 से 1884 के बीच उन्होंने इस आश्रम का नेतृत्व किया। वे घुमक्कड़ प्रवृत्ति के थे तथा सामान्य रूप से अपने आश्रम के अतिरिक्त कहीं भी 3 दिन से अधिक प्रवास नहीं करते थे। इसी कारण उन्हें संपूर्ण भारत के विभिन्न स्थानों व आश्रमों में जाने का मौका मिला तथा विभिन्न तरह की जानकारी उनके जीवन का हिस्सा बनी। इस शताब्दी में जो सुधार आंदोलन चले या फिर जिन समाज सुधारकों ने काम किया, उनके कार्यों और गतिविधियों से हम परिचित हैं। इस कड़ी में उन महान व्यक्तित्वों के द्वारा, जो समाज विकास के नए अध्याय खोले गए उससे उनकी पहचान केवल भारत में नहीं बल्कि विश्व स्तर एक गूंज के रूप में दिखाई देती है। जैसे स्वामी दयानंद के जीवन में मथुरा के आचार्य दंडी की भूमिका है, वैसे ही स्वामी विवेकानंद के जीवन में गदाधर चट्टोपाध्याय या रामष्ण परमहंस की भूमिका महत्वपूर्ण है। अपने गुरु को सम्मान देते हुए स्वामी विवेकानंद ने जिस संस्था की स्थापना की, वह रामष्ण मिशन के नाम से जानी गई। वास्तव में यह उनका अपने गुरु के प्रति समर्पण था। यदि भावों को गहराई से समझें तो रामष्ण परमहंस इसी तरह की ज्ञान के लिए स्वामी तोतापुरी जी के प्रति समर्पित थे अर्थात ज्ञान की एक सरिता स्वामी तोतापुरी से गदाधर चट्टोपाध्याय और उनसे नरेंद्र तक पहुंची, जिसने विश्व में अपनी पहचान बनाई। |
Page: 531-532 Raj Kumar (Department of Geography, Govt. College, Hansi, Haryana) Global warming is the biggest crisis ever collectively faced by human kind. Unlike other crises, it is global in nature that threatens survival of humankind. Sea level rise is one of the most alarming aspects of Global Warming all over the world. This phenomenon is a major concern for the populations of low-lying countries especially island countries and some of them are at the verge of submergence. The present paper is an attempt to assess systematically the various aspects of the sea level rise such as its factors and evidences, regional variation, consequences and future projections. Considering the highly negative impact of future sea level rise for society, it is suggested that multidisciplinary aspects such as observations, modelling, coastal impact studies, etc. of sea level rise should remain a thrust area for climatic research. |
Page: 533-536 Anju Gupta (DAV Centenary College, Faridabad, Haryana) India is a developing country and the nation is witnessing progress constantly. The advancement and adoption of new technology, along with the support offered by the government in the form of policies, schemes, and programs are the factors responsible for the development. Digital India is one of those critical policies that came our way. It was launched in 2015 to make India a digitally empowered society. This changing digital landscape is also offering tremendous scope for women's empowerment. This paper aims to show, how technology can transform women's lives while empowering them in all aspects and helping them to achieve their dreams. The paper also highlights the various digital initiatives taken by the government for the empowerment of women. It examines the challenges as well as suggestions to overcome the challenges in executing a digital India program for women's empowerment. The contribution of CSR to women's empowerment is also studied in this paper. |
Page: 383-388 Vidhu Mohan and Sukhdeep Singh (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab) Academic Stress can have both positive and negative consequences, if not well managed. It is important that students should learn and acquire the necessary knowledge and skills that will in turn make them less stressful. The present study aimed at providing Reattribution training (RAT) to students who are high on academic stress and show dysfunctional attributional style. The sample for the present study consisted of high school boys and girls studying in 9th and 10th class. The participants were drawn randomly from various secondary schools situated in Patiala (Punjab). The age range of the participants was from 13-16 years. Participants who were high on academic stress and had dysfunctional academic attribution style were screened in for the present study. These participants were then randomly assigned to experimental (N=100) and control group (N=100). Experimental group was given four sessions of reattribution training. To engage the participants of control group issues like study habits and time management were discussed with them. After the intervention, all the participants (both in experimental & control groups) were administered the academic stress scale. The findings reveal a significant decrease in academic stress after the intervention. |
Page: 537-542 Sukhminder Kaur1 and Sandeep Kaur2 (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Panjab1 and Cambie Counselling Services, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada2) The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of EMG biofeedback training to improve the level of self-control of adolescents higher on reactive aggression. It was hypothesized that Post intervention scores would be significantly higher on Self-control and lower on Reactive aggression for experimental condition as compared to control condition. A mixed group design was adopted. Self-control Scale (SSC) (Tangney et al., 2004) and Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPAQ) (Raine et al., 2006) were used to identify male adolescents with low self-control and higher on reactive aggression respectively. Further, identified subjects were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Participants of experimental group (n=90) received EMG biofeedback training for ten sessions whereas control group (n=90) did not receive any training. After the completion of intervention program, participants of both groups were assessed on Self-control scale and Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire. Obtained scores were subjected to 2 × 2 mixed design ANOVA. Results revealed that post intervention scores of participants in the experimental group were higher on Self-control (M =69.90) than participants in the control group (M = 53.63); the interaction between factor 1 (experimental and control groups) and factor 2 (time) for Self-control was also significant [F (1,359) = 39.66, p < 0.01]. Similarly, a significant reduction was observed in reactive aggression scores after receiving the biofeedback training for 10 sessions. Furthermore, the effect size of the intervention was measured using Cohen's d = (0.89) and found larger. Significant implications of the findings have been discussed. |
Page: 376-379 The study was designed to investigate emotional intelligence and leadership as predictors of self-efficacy in the sport teachers of Chhattisgarh state. A total of 30 sport teachers from government Schools of Chhattisgarh state were selected as subjects. In this present study self-efficacy (SE) was considered as a dependent variable and Emotional Intelligence (EI) and leadership Skill (LS) were considered as Independent variables. Researchers used descriptive survey research design. Two inventories, Emotional Intelligence Inventory (Hyde, Pethe, & Dhar) Occupational Self-efficacy Scale (Pethe, Choudhary, & Dhar) Leadership Behavior Scale (Asha Hinger), were used for data collection. Multiple regression was used for data analysis. To find out the best predicting factor of SE, EI and LS significant values of F is 6.710. Leadership skill and emotional intelligence was found to be significant predictors. EI contributed 37.5% of its variance out of the total variance. Leadership contributed 10.7% of its variance out of the total variance. |
Page: 380-384 Adolescent females experience widespread changes during their puberty. Their perceptions about their overall psychological well-being are found to be associated with happiness and positive affect. It is also hypothesized that the individuals who have better psychological well-being will be more resilient in nature. Such individuals will indulge in healthy behaviors in dealing with daily life hassles. Adolescents are bound to experience difficulty in their lives and in such incidents they may indulge into abusive unhealthy behaviors. The present was, therefore, undertaken to ascertain the level of psychological well-being, resilience and non suicidal self harm behaviors of adolescent females and also to determine the relationship among the three variables. The study also purported to assess the frequent types of self harm behaviors adolescent females indulge into. The sample was incidentally selected and comprised of 200 adolescent females falling in the age range of 16-18 years. The data was collected with the help of psychometric tools, namely, Psychological Well Being Questionnaire by Bhogle and Jaiprakash (1995); The Resilience Scale by Wagnild and Young (1993); and Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS)' by Klonsky and Olino (2008). Results revealed that adolescent females have better psychological well-being and are highly resilient. They indulge in self harm behaviors because they think that it helps them in regulating their affect, gives them thrill and a sense of autonomy. They also were found to get a sense of revenge when they indulge in non suicidal self harm. 78% adolescent females have reported that have harmed themselves at least once in their lifetime and approximately 44% reported that they experienced pain during such incidents. Surprisingly, 85% of the females reported that they want to stop such behaviors. This definitely indicates that they are well aware of the consequences of such behaviors. The study has implications in the form of developing interventions to help adolescent females abstain from indulging in such behaviors. |
Page: 385-390 Although Sikkim is known to be one of the most peaceful states in India, there are various issues that have gripped the state. One such issue is the rampant use of alcohol and other substances. The present study explored the possible causes and consequences of substance abuse in Sikkim by using qualitative research approach. In-depth interviews were carried out with 17 individuals 10 male in-patients from Sikkim diagnosed with substance use disorder (SUD), 3 physicians and 2 counsellors dealing with patients with SUD, and 2 first-degree relatives of in-patients suffering from SUD. Results showed that majority of the male in-patients (80%) were indulged in multiple substances. The most common causes for initiation of substances as reported by in-patients, relatives, physicians, and counsellors were: enjoyment, curiosity, relieving stress, drinking culture, and easy availability. They also reported that the consumption of substances led to academic, financial, social and behavioural problems, along with deterioration of health, psychological problems like low self-confidence, isolation and increased sadness. Physicians and counsellors also reported that the majority of the patients seeking treatment also had a family history of SUD. They also reported that the most common reasons for wanting to quit the substances are deteriorating health and wanting to rebuild trust and relationships. The findings of the research suggest that there is an urgent need to conduct a thorough research on trends of substance use in Sikkim and to develop suitable intervention strategies to reduce the increasing rate of Substance Use Disorders in Sikkim. |
Page: 391-395 The present study is aimed at understanding the relationship between insomnia and emotional distress. The goal is to demonstrate how the former increases the risk of the latter and vice versa. Insomnia is defined as a clinical disorder characterized by difficulty in maintaining sleep that is associated with significant daytime impairment or distress. Insomnia is a significant public health problem because of its high prevalence and management challenges. There is increasing evidence of a strong association between insomnia and various medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Findings suggest that there is a close relation between sleep disorder and mental illness. Deprivation from sleep gives rise to several disorders such as depression, anxiety, stress, etc. It also affects one's health causing, hearth problems, trouble in breathing, and death inn elderly people. Because mental illness and sleep disorders are so closely correlated, experts recommend ensuring both are assessed and treated promptly, and suggest patients develop good sleep habits to promote healthy sleep. Patients and their families are also encouraged to watch for signs of sleep disruption, as they could be predictors of worsening mental health. |
Page: 396-398 An individual's choice of action, responses to challenges, incentives and rewards are influenced by Attitude. Here, attitude means evaluation of the respondents in the context of environment related aspects of social and physical world. The teachers play a very important role in developing the value system of the students which in turn mould their approach to environment. The teachers are able to influence students' attitude while interacting with them which underpins the role of social learning as one of the sources of attitude. As teachers are the key factors in the whole teaching-learning process in education, so this study has been taken up for analysis. The study examines the effects of stream and gender on environmental attitude of undergraduate college teachers in Kolkata. The data was analyzed by employing quantitative research approach by using survey method and 3 X 2 factorial designs. The subjects were chosen from the undergraduate college teachers (n=400) affiliated to the University of Calcutta belonging to three different streams i.e., arts, science and commerce. In the study we have considered stratified purposive sampling due to short time period. The tool was standardized on a separate sample group (n=80). A two-way ANOVA was conducted to determine the effect of stream and gender on environmental attitude questionnaire. The result indicated that, stream and gender has a significant effect on the level of environmental attitude of undergraduate college teachers in Kolkata. |
Page: 399-403 In this decade, there is a major change to doctor's place, as it includes running in private practices, government work, implementation of government policies, burden of paper work and regulation, electronic health record and changing credentialing demands. In spite of all this there are two major demands that they have to update their knowledge according to the recent researches and another is to come up with the patient's needs and demands. Nowadays patient's relatives and attendants expect that as they are paying for the services of the doctor, it is moral responsibility of the doctor to save the patient's life. So doctors are in persistent stress about the professional integrity and facing common problem which is known as burnout. Burnout is a state of emotional, mental and physical exhaustion and diminished interest. It is caused by excessive and prolonged stress when one feels overwhelmed and unable to meet constant demands. Thus it leads to the disturbed family life, professional life and social life etc. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize and understand emotions of our self and others and to use this awareness to manage our behavior and relationships. This is very essential for doctors as they are more resilient to the stresses of the profession and less likely to experience burnout. This paper aims to find out the burnout and emotional intelligence among medical professional of different branches. Sample includes 10 doctors each from ten different branches included by incidental purposive sampling that is a total of 100 samples of medical practitioners of Government hospital. |
Page: 404-409 The Public Sector Banks (PSBs), which are the base of the Banking sector in India account for more than 78 per cent of the total banking industry assets. Unfortunately they are burdened with excessive Non Performing assets (NPAs), |
Page: 410-414 Female crime is the important factor that influences family's harmony and emotional stability. In recent years, the female crime rate has been a gradual increase, and its growth rate has exceeded that of male crime in the corresponding period. This not only relates with the weakly legal consciousness of a small number of women, but also relates with the families and the society. The study examines the emotional maturity and family environment of criminal and non-criminal women. This is a field study in which purposive sampling technique was used for selecting 25 criminal females and the other 25 non -criminal females were randomly selected. The tools used for data collection were Emotional Maturity Scale by Singh and Bhargava (1999) Hindi Version and Family Environment Scale revised by Joshi and Vyas (1987) Hindi version. t-test was used as statistical technique to analyze the data. The findings reveal that there is statistically significant difference between the emotional maturity of criminal and non-criminal females. On the measures of emotional maturity and subscales only personality disintegration dimension/sub-scale significant difference was found among criminal and non-criminal women. This reveals that criminals often possess a type of personality trait like reaction, phobias formation, rationalization, pessimism, immorality, etc. On the measures of family environment and its subscales significance difference was found on Conflict, Moral Religious Emphasis and Organization .The finding on correlation between emotional maturity and family environment indicate that there was a positive association .Thus, it can be concluded that emotional maturity and family environment affect behaviour of criminal females. |
Page: 415-418 The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship and gender differences on mental health, and life satisfaction. Two hundred adults (100 females, 100 transgender) completed measures of general health questionnaire-28 and life satisfaction scale. Low level of life satisfaction accompanied by general health scores that reflect social and personal psychopathology, with transgender and women scoring higher in somatic, anxiety, social dysfunctions, and severe depression. Life satisfaction significantly negatively correlated with general health (somatic, anxiety, social dysfunctions, & severe depression). The findings reveal that female's mental health and life satisfaction better than transgender. Mental health of transgender people were significantly poor than females on somatic, anxiety and severe depression, social dysfunctions (general health). |
Page: 419-422 The present study aimed at studying the interpersonal skills among distance learners. A randomly selected sample of 655 post-graduate students pursuing their studies through distance mode were taken up for the study. ANOVA was computed to find out the main and interaction effects among urban and rural distance learners with respect to gender and course of study. The findings of the study revealed that rural distance learners showed significantly higher level of interpersonal skills than urban distance learners. The results pertaining to the significant interaction effects between location and course of study revealed that rural distance learners pursuing professional discipline showed significantly higher level of interpersonal skills than urban distance learners pursuing professional discipline. However, reverse results were found though not significant for distance learners of academic discipline. |
Page: 423-426 The primary objectives of this study to examine working memory in a sample of individuals diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Working memory was assessed using the Digit Span, Spatial Span. This aspect was examined in 15 MCI patients and 15 matched controls. It was hypothesized that MCI participants would be more impaired relative to the control group on these different measures. Findings showed that MCI participants performance was impaired in comparison to the control group. |
Page: 427-433 This study aims to identify the markers concerning adolescents' experience of affective dissonance grounded in data derived from a purposive sample of 40 adolescents of age 14-18 years. The self-written narratives and transcribed interviews of the participants were analysed. Thematic analysis was used for inductive generation of themes and subthemes which emerged from the reading and rereading of text segments. Following the procedure of open coding, focused coding, axial coding and selective theoretical coding; five core categories emerged as Self, Family, Peer Group, School and Society around which other categories were organized. Interest-Ability-Expectation Dissonance, Identity Vs Role Confusion and Trust Vs Mistrust were three more common factors which influenced almost each core category. It laid the groundwork for developing a measure for affective dissonance. |
Page: 434-436 The main aim of this research is to explore the impact of change process on the motivation, anxiety and stress of employees of merger and acquisition of two banks. Previous researches depict that change management creates stress, fear and uncertainty among employees that impact on the morale, attitude, satisfaction and performance of them. This research is designed under qualitative nature with the inductive research strategy. Interpretive philosophy is also used to complete the research effectively. The data gathered for the research is analyzed by using thematic analysis to achieve the research objectives. The research findings are very important for banking sectors in India to determine the impact of acquisition and merger change process over the anxiety, stress and motivation of employees. The study found acquisition and merger between banks are changing process that enhance anxiety, stress and demotivation among employees. |
Page: 437-441 This paper revolves around the concept of infidelity. A positive correlation between infidelity and the biological and psychological effects on the individual and the methodology of carrying out is reviewed and analysed. Infidelity is of two types; emotional and physical each holding its own symptoms, causes and effects The study employs review of existing literature as its methodology. Some of the psychological effects identified on the individual include depression, low self esteem, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).The results indicated that pregnancy and religiosity enable in moderating the chances of getting engaged in betrayal. Women tend to get more affected by emotional infidelity whereas men by physical. |
Page: 442-444 Children living in orphanages often are deprived of parental or guardian's love and affection. They are brought up by the caregivers who are assigned for more than a dozen at a time, and therefore they lack in psychological well-being. It is no wonder, how much proper parental care is necessary for the upbringing of a child, proper emotional, social and physical development. Hence, the aim of this paper was to review various studies on this topic, and come out with recommendations on the various problems children living in orphanages face in day to day life. |
Page: 445-447 The aim of the investigation was to study the psychological factors that have an impact on the mental health of defense personnel. The mental health of defense personnel is in jeopardy due to stress and strain of their nature of occupation and life pattern in respective occupation. These stressors that are faced owing to demanding jobs, interpersonal conflicts at workplace and in the family, terrorism, internal conflicts in the countries and others gives a lot of stress to defense personnel which hampers their mental health. The stigma associated with mental illness restricts them to seek help from mental health practioners. The society needs to understand that mental illness is not a matter of shame and needs help just like physical illness. There is need to increase public's awareness regarding mental health issues. There is a strong need to inoculate officers with stress management training. |
Page: 448-450 Beauty is the promise of happiness. It has been highly valued of human attributes, assumed to be connected with happiness, intelligence and success and adolescence is a period of personal and social identity formation, in which different roles, behaviors, and ideologies are explored. The rapid physical changes which occurred in adolescents have important effects on the body image. Most Adolescents are highly aware of their appearance and invest significant cognitive and emotional resources in their relation with the physical body. This article aims to focus the status of body image awareness in adolescents. |