International Journal of Education and Management Studies (IJEMS) is an indexed, peer-reviewed and refereed journal published quarterly by the Indian Association of Health, Research, and Welfare (IAHRW). International Journal of
Education and Management Studies likely aims to promote research and
knowledge dissemination in the fields of education and management. Its
objectives include fostering academic discussions on innovative teaching
methodologies, educational policies, leadership strategies, human resource
management, and organizational behavior. The journal focuses on areas such as
pedagogy, curriculum development, educational psychology, business management,
entrepreneurship, and corporate governance. Its goals are to publish
high-quality, peer-reviewed research, encourage interdisciplinary
collaboration, and contribute to the practical application of education and
management theories for academic and professional growth. The journal is indexed with ProQuest, ProQuest Central, J-Gate, and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.58. IJEMS is being published regularly since 2011. For more details write to us to iahrw2019@gmail.com
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103, 7988885490
Publisher: IAHRW Publications
ISSN: 2231-5632 (print version)
ISSN: 2321-3671 (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly (March, June, September and December)
Indexing: ProQuest, ProQuest Central, Index Copernicus International, J-Gate, Questia Library, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Library, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.58
CHIEF EDITOR
Sunil Saini, PhD
Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare, Hisar, Haryana, India
EDITORS
David Bennett, PhD, Charisma University, USA S. C. Kundu, PhD, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar
B.K. Punia, PhD, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar
Mahesh Thakur, PhD, Karve Institute of Social Sciences, Pune
Jaspreet Kaur, PhD, Punjabi University, Patiala
Vandana Punia, PhD, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana
Munish Nagpal, PhD, Deputy Commissioner, Govt of Haryana
Sangeeta Trama, PhD, Punjabi University Patiala
Sandeep Singh, PhD, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2231-5632 (print version)
ISSN: 2321-3671 (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly
Indexing: ProQuest, ProQuest Central, Index Copernicus International, J-Gate, Questia Library, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Library
Author’s guidelines:
International Journal of Education and Management Studies (IJEMS) is a peer-reviewed research journal published quarterly by Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare. The IJEMS is indexed with ProQuest, J-Gate, etc. The journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of scientific excellence in the area of Education, Psychology and Management Studies and other related fields. IJEMS is published Quarterly (March, June, September and December).
Manuscripts should be submitted in the format outlined in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th edition) and should be sent via email at iahrw2010@gmail.com. The papers are reviewed by professional reviewers who have specialized expertise in the respective area, and to judge the quality of the paper in a time bound and confidential manner. The paper shall be review by double blind review process.
Permission
Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Online Submission
Please follow the hyperlink “Submit online” on the right and upload all of your manuscript files following the instructions given on the screen.
The title page should include:
• The name(s) of the author(s)
• A concise and informative title
• The affiliation(s) and address(es) of the author(s)
• The e-mail address, and telephone number(s) of the corresponding author
Abstract
Please provide an abstract of 150 to 250 words. The abstract should not contain any undefined abbreviations or unspecified references.
Keywords
Please provide 4 to 6 keywords which can be used for indexing purposes.
Main Text
Manuscripts should be submitted in Word.
Tables
Tables should be as per APA format
References
References should be as per APA format as follows
• Journal article
Panda, T., Lamba, V., Goyal, N., Saini, S., Boora, S., Cruz. (2018). Psychometric Testing in Schools. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing, 8(2), 213–245.
• Article by DOI
Slifka, M. K., & Whitton, J. L. (2000) Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. Journal of Molecular Medicine, doi:10.1007/s001090000086
• Book
Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Book chapter
O’Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men’s and women’s gender role journeys: Metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107–123). New York: Springer.
• Online document
Abou-Allaban, Y., Dell, M. L., Greenberg, W., Lomax, J., Peteet, J., Torres, M., & Cowell, V. (2006). Religious/spiritual commitments and psychiatric practice. Resource document. American Psychiatric Association.
https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014645/http://www.psych.org:80/edu/other_res/lib_archives/archives/200604.pdf. Accessed 25 June 2007.
Copyright form
Authors will be asked to transfer copyright of the article to the Publisher (or grant the Publisher exclusive publication and dissemination rights). This will ensure the widest possible protection and dissemination of information under copyright laws.
Proof reading
The purpose of the proof is to check for typesetting or conversion errors and the completeness and accuracy of the text, tables and figures. Substantial changes in content, e.g., new results, corrected values, title and authorship, are not allowed without the approval of the Editor. After online publication, further changes can only be made in the form of an Erratum, which will be hyperlinked to the article.
Ethical Guidelines for the author
• Authors should adhere to publication requirements that submitted work is original and has not been published elsewhere in any language. Work should not be submitted concurrently to more than one publication unless the editors have agreed to co-publication. If articles are co-published this fact should be made clear to readers.
• Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) should be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement.
• Relevant previous work and publications, both by other researchers and the authors’ own, should be properly acknowledged and referenced.
• Data, text, figures or ideas originated by other researchers should be properly acknowledged and should not be presented as if they were the authors’ own
• All sources of research funding, including direct and indirect financial support, supply of equipment or materials, and other support (such as specialist statistical or writing assistance) should be disclosed.
• Authors should disclose the role of the research funder(s) or sponsor (if any) in the research design, execution, analysis, interpretation and reporting
• The research literature serves as a record not only of what has been discovered but also of who made the discovery. The authorship of research publications should therefore accurately reflect individuals’ contributions to the work and its reporting.
• In cases where major contributors are listed as authors while those who made less substantial, or purely technical, contributions to the research or to the publication are listed in an acknowledgement section, the criteria for authorship and acknowledgement should be agreed at the start of the project.
• Researchers should ensure that only those individuals who meet authorship criteria (i.e. made a substantial contribution to the work) are rewarded with authorship and that deserving authors are not omitted. Institutions and journal editors should encourage practices that prevent guest, gift, and ghost authorship.
• All authors should agree to be listed and should approve the submitted and accepted versions of the publication. Any change to the author list should be approved by all authors including any who have been removed from the list. The corresponding author should act as a point of contact between the editor and the other authors and should keep co-authors informed and involve them in major decisions about the publication (e.g. responding to reviewers’ comments).
• Authors should work with the editor or publisher to correct their work promptly if errors or omissions are discovered after publication.
• Authors should abide by relevant conventions, requirements, and regulations to make materials, reagents, software or datasets available to other researchers who request them. Researchers, institutions, and funders should have clear policies for handling such requests. Authors must also follow relevant journal standards. While proper acknowledgement is expected, researchers should not demand authorship as a condition for sharing materials.
• Authors should follow publishers’ requirements that work is not submitted to more than one publication for consideration at the same time.
• Authors should inform the editor if they withdraw their work from review, or choose not to respond to reviewer comments after receiving a conditional acceptance.
• Authors should respond to reviewers’ comments in a professional and timely manner.
• Appropriate approval, licensing or registration should be obtained before the research begins and details should be provided in the report (e.g. Institutional Review Board, Research Ethics Committee approval, national licensing authorities for the use of animals).
• If requested by editors, authors should supply evidence that reported research received the appropriate approval and was carried out ethically (e.g. copies of approvals, licences, participant consent forms).
• Researchers should not generally publish or share identifiable individual data collected in the course of research without specific consent from the individual (or their representative). Researchers should remember that many scholarly journals are now freely available on the internet, and should therefore be mindful of the risk of causing danger or upset to unintended readers (e.g. research participants or their families who recognise themselves from case studies, descriptions, images or pedigrees).
• The appropriate statistical analyses should be determined at the start of the study and a data analysis plan for the prespecified outcomes should be prepared and followed.
• Researchers should publish all meaningful research results that might contribute to understanding. In particular, there is an ethical responsibility to publish the findings of all clinical trials. The publication of unsuccessful studies or experiments that reject a hypothesis may help prevent others from wasting time and resources on similar projects. If findings from small studies and those that fail to reach statistically significant results can be combined to produce more useful information (e.g. by meta-analysis) then such findings should be published.
• Authors should supply research protocols to journal editors if requested (e.g. for clinical trials) so that reviewers and editors can compare the research report to the protocol to check that it was carried out as planned and that no relevant details have been omitted. Researchers should follow relevant requirements for clinical trial registration and should include the trial registration number in all publications arising from the trial.
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com,
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2231-5632 (print version)
ISSN: 2321-3671 (electronic version)
Frequency: Quarterly
Indexing: ProQuest, ProQuest Central, J-Gate, Questia Library, Technion Israel Institute of Technology Library
Peer Review
All content of the International Journal of Education and Management Studies is subject to peer-review. The Editor first checks and evaluates the submitted manuscript, examining its fit and quality regarding its significance, manuscript format, research quality. If it is suitable for potential pubication, the Editor directs the manuscript for Plagiarism check, and the minimum similarity acceptable is below 20% without references. After that, editor directs the manuscript to two reviewers, with both being experts in the field. This journal employs double-blind review, wehre the author and referee remains anonymous througout the process. Referees are asked to avaluate whetehr the manuscript is original, makes a theoretical contribution to the study, methodoogy is sound, follos appropriate ethical guidelines, whether the results are clearly presented and sufficient supporting studies are given and support the conclusion. The time for evaluation is approximately one month. The Editor’s decision will be sent to the author with recommendations made by the referees. Revised manuscripts might be returned to the initial referees who may then request another revision of the manuscript. After both reviewer’s feedback, the Editor decides if the manuscript will be rejected, accepted with revision needed or accepted for publication. The Editor’s decision is final. Regerees advise the Editor, who is responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article.
Compaint policy
We ain to respond to and resolve all complaints quickly. All complaints will be acknowledged within a week. For all matters related to the policies, procedures, editorial content, and actions of the editorial staff, the decision of the Editor-in-Chief shall be final. The procedure to make a complaint is easy. It can be made by writing an email to editor: iahrw@iahrw.org
Confict of Interest Policy
Transparency and objectiity in research are essential for publication in this journal. These principles are strictily followed in our peer review process and decision of publication. Manuscript submissions are assigned to reviewers in an effort to minimize potential conflicts of interest. After papers are assigned, individual reviewers are required to inform the editor-in-chief of any conflict.
Pages: 56-60 The present paper intends to study the relationship between Work Motivation and Organizational Commitment and its various attributes namely Affective Commitment, Continuous Commitment and Normative Commitment amongst university employees. In the era of high competition in education sector, a motivated employee plays a very significant role. An employee who is committed will be more motivated towards his work and will perform better in the organization. The results revealed a positive relationship between Work Motivation and Organizational Commitment and its various attributes. Pages: 56-60Neetika Gupta (College of Management & Technology, Patiala)Ruby Gupta (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University… |
Pages: 52-55 The aim of the present study is to investigate hierarchical and sectoral differences in HR competencies. A purposive sample of 120 senior and middle managers from service and manufacturing sectors were selected. Independent sample t test was computed to test the differences across hierarchical levels and sectors. The results reveal significant differences across hierarchical levels in government sector on different HR competence dimensions. The results have implications managing training and development programmes for HR managers. Pages: 52-55Ajai Pratap Singh (Department of Applied Psychology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, UP ) |
Pages: 47-51 The present study aims to (i) to measure three dimensions of burnout i.e.; emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of personal accomplishment of the elementary school teachers and (ii) to find the differences on three dimensions of burnout between male and female teachers, as well as teachers of urban and rural schools. The hypothesis was that there would be no significant differences on three dimensions of burnout among school teachers on the basis of sex, and location of the schools. The sample of the study consisted of 400 school teachers, out of which 200 were male teachers and 200 were females. The sample was divided into two groups on the basis of location of schools i.e. urban and rural school. They were administered the standardized test of Maslach' Burnout Inventory (M.B.I., 1986) by Maslach, Jackson and Schwab. The results of the study show that there were no sex differences on burnout of the teachers; though the rural male and female teachers differed on burnout. But rural and urban school teachers differed on all dimensions of burnout whether they were males or females or combined group and urban school teachers were more burned out. Pages: 47-51Baljeet Kaur (Research Scholar, Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Jhunjhnu)Agyajit Singh (Department of Psychology (Retired)… |
Pages: 43-46 Over the past few decades, organizations throughout the world have faced the need to make various changes in strategy, structure and management process to adapt to new competitive demands. Any organization that isn't continually developing, acquiring or adapting to new changes will likely to be out of business in few years. Because, change rather than stability is the norm today. These changes have brought many changes in the workers commitment and their behavior. By keeping in mind the above contention, the present topic has been framed. The present study examines the influence of Organizational Change on work commitment. In addition to this t-test was also used to see the difference between the groups of employees on work commitment. Results of the study based on step wise multiple regression analyses suggested that structural change and cultural change- dimensions of organizational change, emerged as a powerful predictor of work commitment in Indian work context. Pages: 43-46Darakhshan Parveen (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P.) |
Pages: 38-42 Industry is a business activity related to the cultivating, producing or manufacturing of products and involves selling of goods and services. Industries began as early as 1800's and several technological advances have taken place. This has led to the development of new sectors of industries. Many developed countries like UK, US, Canada, Germany, Ireland, etc. or developing countries like India, China, Russia, etc. depend significantly on industrial economy. There are various types of industries such are; primary, genetic, extractive, construction, and manufacturing. The sudden boom in IT and ITES has taken a toll on most of the industries and thereby resulting in a steep rise in the attrition rate. The larger pay scales and comfort level have become criteria for most employees. The associated costs for the organization with the rise in attrition include talent loss, training costs, recruitment costs and productivity loss. The present study is aimed to identify the influence of emotional intelligence, perceived alternative employment opportunities, job satisfaction and organizational commitment on turnover intentions. The Assessing Emotional Intelligence Scale by Schutte et al (1998), Perceived Alternative Employment Opportunities by Mowday, Koberg &Mc Arthur (1984), Job Satisfaction Survey by Spector (1997), Organizational Commitment by Allen & Meyer (1990) and Turnover Intentions developed by the researcher (2012) were the tools used in the study. Data were collected from 104 employees (both male and female) of different manufacturing companies using convenience sampling method. Correlation and t-test were used to analyze the data and the results were discussed based on the importance of reducing the attrition rate in organizations. Pages: 38-42S. Suneyna (Teaching Faculty, Kids Central-Nursery and Primary School, Chennai)S. Sasikala (Department of Psychology… |
Pages: 31-37 The contribution of agricultural mechanization has been well recognized in enhancing the production together with irrigation, biological and chemical inputs of high yielding seed varieties, fertilizers, pesticides and mechanical energy. Indian Green Revolution is regarded as one of the greatest achievements of the 20th century. It has been adopted in India on a large scale benefiting both small, medium and large size farms.The study was conducted in rural agricultural Haryana following the criteria of advancement and backwardness of the agricultural area. For the purpose two districts were selected, one in which certain forces of changes and development were present and other where they were absent. A block was randomly selected from each district i.e. Asandh block from Karnal district and Bawani Khera block from Bhiwani district. From the selected cluster of -villages a list of all the farmers of the village was prepared and from that list 150 respondents were selected randomly keeping in proportion farmers to the total population of the villages identified in the cluster. So on the whole a total of 300 respondents were selected from the identified clusters. The study therefore, assumes that the technology and society are interdependent in the sense that former causes change in the latter which in turn affects the former.The study resulted that As the developments proceeds, the social values also under go a change. The attitude towards material progress tend to be more positive with technological improvement. Consequently, the things which were valued most in the past lose their importance with changes in technology Pages: 31-37Neeru Bala (Department of Sociology, Govt. Sr. Sec. School Chakkan, Sirsa)Darpan Saluja (Junior Programmer… |
Pages: 23-30 Human resources are the most important means of production and a significant part of the entire organization. The performance of the physical resources depends largely on the skills and performance of its Human resources. The performance in turn is ruled by motivation. It has been observed that theemployers today pay attention to have their employees motivated and ready to work and make effort that their essential needs are met so that the goals of the organization are achieved. A number of theories have been developed in this regard which explain the various factors of motivation analyzing human needs in their own way and emphasize onthe need of different management techniques to satisfy these needs and motivate the employees to work effectively. As the motivation comes from such as thoughts, beliefs, ambitions, and goals, managers can influence their employees to self-motivate to produce the best possible results. Keeping these facts in mind, the present study 'Motivation at Work' has been undertaken. The study tries to bring out the possible factors of motivation in a large multi-national company. The data has been collected on the basis of questionnaire and administered on the employees of one of the plants of the company located in India. Efforts have also been made to study the correlation pattern among these factors. Pages: 23-30V. K. Jain (Department of Commerce, GMN College, Ambala Cantt, Haryana) |
Pages: 18-22 This study was to evaluate the relative importance of effective factors on quality of banking via mobile, and then prioritizing them. The survey area was Mellat bank customers of Qazvin province that were sampled in 2013. Identified factors were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis in SPSS and new variables were identified. After that, by using confirmatory factor analysis in LISREL software, we tried to investigate the validity of the obtained model and tool. In order to prioritize and obtain the relative importance of factors and sub-factors it was investigated by using AHP (analysis of hierarchical process) method. According to carried research, from experts' point of view it was specified that content of mobile banking is the most important factor in quality dimension of it. The usefulness and customer service were in following ranks and design was in last rank. Pages: 18-22Roya Yosefi (Department of Internal Business Management, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran)Abolfazl… |
Pages: 12-17 Anxiety is a common phenomenon of everyday life. The pressure of performing better and scoring high is increasing. Cases of suicides and extreme behaviors are also noted in present day scenario. In order to improve study habits, increase confidence, and reduce the academic anxiety levels of school going adolescents under ever-changing modern trends of society, a study on the variables of academic anxiety, and study habits and attitudes was conducted to know the impact of these on their achievement. The sample included 360 students from class ninth, both males and females, high and low achievers from the selected Government schools of Chandigarh located in urban, rural and slum areas. Academic Anxiety Scale for Children (AASC) by Singh and Sen Gupta (1984), and Test of Study Habits and Attitudes by Mathur (1983) were used. The findings of the present study revealed that overall academic anxiety among the high and the low achievers was average; no significant difference was found. The study habits of high achievers were satisfactory whereas poor study habits were found in low achievers. Further, low achievers scored higher in the corresponding areas which indicated that help is required. The males and females had average academic anxiety. No gender difference was found in academic anxiety; both reflected poor study habits (males were better in correct study habits; females reported higher in areas of help required. There was found average academic anxiety, and poor study habits in all the three locales. The slum area students reflected to be more in need of help in the areas related to study habits and attitudes. Pages: 12-17Ravneet Chawla (Department of Human Development & Family Relations Government Home Science College, Chandigarh)Smriti… |
Pages: 1-11 Adolescence is the most important period of human life, a period of growing to maturity. Late adolescence, a period from eighteen to about twenty-two years is a period when transition from school to college takes place and thus is a highly stressful transitional phase. Stress represents any disruption or difficulty in the smooth course of life and occurs when demands on an individual exceed his or her Psychological effects of stress may manifest in forms of uncontrolled aggression, anxiety and depression. In context to the student population the most common psychological manifestation of stress are observed in the form of anxiety and depression. Diaphragmatic breathing has been reported to have beneficial consequences like increased oxygen supply to the brain and muscles, stimulation of parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes a state of calmness and quiescence, reduced anxiety and worry, improved concentration, release stress and tension. The study was conducted in three phases. In Phase-1, the pre-intervention phase, data was collected on 201first year students resided in hostel (Male, Female). Interview schedule, College Student stress scale developed by the researcher including five areas - academic, environmental, financial, family and hostel; Free-floating anxiety subscale of State, Trait and Free-floating anxiety Scale (Tripathi and Rastogi, 1986; Beck Depression Inventory (Hindi Version by Arora &Prashant, 1988) were administered on 201 subjects. After explaining the purpose of the study and instructions for each test the data was collected in the class room. The Phase-2 of the study was intervention phase for which high stress subjects were selected out of the 201 scored high on all the measures of stress, anxiety, depression These high stress subjects were divided in two groups, Intervention (28 boys & 28 girls) and non intervention group (30 boys & 28 girls). Ss in the intervention group were taught breathing exercise regularly for five weeks. No intervention was done for the non-intervention group. In the Phase-3, the post-intervention phase, Ss of both these groups were again assessed on measures of stress and strain after the 5 week. Data from pre-intervention and Post-intervention phases of these 114 Ss served as the basis for analysis for the second part of the study. Reduction in mean scores on measures of both stress and strain within the intervention group but not in the non-intervention group indicated the effectiveness of practicing diaphragmatic breathing for reducing stress and its positive effects among both boys and girls. Pages: 1-11Rupali Joshi (Counselor, I.I.M.T., Haldwani) |
Pages: 551-554 Transitional adjustment to university has been the focus of a considerable amount of research interest, and much is now known about risk and protective factors during the transition to university. However, a number of issues merit further exploration. Specifically, research that generates more population-specific data and more fully explicates the role of emotional intelligence will contribute to a more complete understanding of the transition process and facilitate the development of more appropriate and theoretically-driven interventions. The present paper reviews factors affecting adjustment among university students. Pages: 551-554Surender (Independent Scholar, Psychology, Charkhi Dadri, Haryana) |
Pages: 547-550 The importance of advertising is constantly growing in today‟s world. The media of social message have its great impact all around, similarly advertising, which use media as its tools, is a persuasive and powerful force that is shaping behavior and attitude in society. Social advertisements are continuously trying to convince people for social cause such as leaving the drug, quit smoking or stop violence etc. Every person in the world is consumer of social campaigns. The present paper reviews what is advertisement, what are its objectives, how it works, and their impact on consumer behaviors. Pages: 547-550Virender (Research Scholar, Singhania University, Rajasthan) |
