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Pages:215-224
Dwarka Pershad, Neha Jain, and Parul Gupta (Department of Psychiatry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana)

There was a felt need for developing easy, affordable, accessible and transparent method of non-pharmaceutical nature for academic, personality, adjustment and emotional problems arising out of modernization and taking a gigantic shape day by day causing wastage of manpower. Hundreds of universities and institutes were producing a force of large number of councillors to meet the challenges. The methods taught to these prospective counsellors were from Western books based on dynamic model, to promote self (a western-self). A newer behaviour modification technique based on 'we-self' (family- self) configured with narcissistic tendency of the parents was developed to match with our cultural heritage. It included rescheduling of a number of routine activities of the client by the therapist, to be carried out by the subject while parents assuming the role of co-therapist in the process. It required history taking of activity client had been performing, availability of parental time at home and constellation of family. In this process subject is allotted certain activities to be carried by him to discipline his wondering mind and parents interacts with subject with smiling face, without showing anger or anguish in non-critical and non-argumentative mode with subject as a co-therapist. This process, promotes the acceptance of each other, perpetuating family-self thus improvement with practice was assured to come. Empirically this method of treatment had been found better than any other conventional methods with acceptance by the authoritarian figure of the family.
Pages:215-224 Dwarka Pershad, Neha Jain, and Parul Gupta (Department of Psychiatry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical…
Pages:225-229
Ravneet Kaur (Department of Psychology, Akal University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda, Punjab)

Mental health is an integral and important component of health expressing a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities that one can cope with mental stressors of life, can work productively in order to achieve success and is able to make contribution to his or her community. Gender being a social imputation of sex-appropriate role behavior has a significant impact on the exposure of individual to mental health risks. Women are integral to all aspects of society and promoting women's mental health is an essential part of their overall health. Mental health conditions occur more often in women and can play a significant role in the status of women's overall health. Mental health of women is a serious issue and their psychological well-being becomes a cause for great concern. Exposure to gender-specific risk factors such as gender based violence, socio-economic disparity, inequitable distribution of resources, subordinate social status and unremitting responsibilities for the care of others increase the probability of occurrence of mental health problems among women. The present paper addresses the mental health problems of women and provides the suggestions for improving the overall well-being of women. Empowering women in social, political, and economic aspects is essential which can go a long way in erasing their feeling of victimization and enhancing their self-esteem, thus paving the way for better mental health.
Pages:225-229 Ravneet Kaur (Department of Psychology, Akal University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda, Punjab)
Pages:230-234
Rupal Hooda, Sudesh Gandhi, and Manju Mehta (Department of Family Resource Management, COHS, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Ageing is a universal process and it does not occur at a uniform age or rate. Due to longer life expectancy and decline in fertility rate, proportion of people above 60 years of age is growing much faster than any other age bracket in most of the countries. A study was conducted on 100 elderly people of Hisar district of Haryana state those were living independently. It was reported that half of the respondents (51.0%) were in age group of 70-80 year and 38.0 percent of respondents were secondary pass followed by graduate and post graduate (32.0%). Most of them were (99.0%) from general caste, married (74.0%) followed by widow and widower (13.0% each). Data revealed from Activity profile of elderly (IADL scale) showed that nearly three fifth of the respondents (59.0%) were in the high category of the IADL scale followed by medium category (40.0%) and low category (1.0%).
Pages:230-234 Rupal Hooda, Sudesh Gandhi, and Manju Mehta (Department of Family Resource Management, COHS, CCS Haryana…
Pages:235-243
S. Bose Veeramachaneni (Department of Psychology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India) Radhakrishna M. Kothapalli (Department of Sociology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India)

A group resilience training program is used as psychological vaccine to control the perceived stress of college students. Volunteer student sample of 32 in experimental group and 39 in open group are studied. Average age of sample is 20.6 years. Experimental group received resilience training program as psychological vaccine, which the open group did not receive. In this nine month follow-up study perceived stress scores (PSS) are measured using Cohen's 10-item scale, at four different time intervals namely-pre training in case of experimental group and initial rating in case of open group participants. Subsequent measurements are taken three, six and nine months after training for both groups. Results indicated the perceived stress of experimental group has decreased while the same has increased in case of open group who did not receive psychological vaccine. Significant probabilities are considered at 5 % level of significance. Gender differences are discussed in the light of previous studies. Obtained results justified the tested resilience program as 'psychological vaccine' to control perceived stress.
Pages:235-243 S. Bose Veeramachaneni (Department of Psychology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India) Radhakrishna M. Kothapalli (Department…
Pages:244-251
S.K. Sahanowas (Department of Education, Narayangarh Govt. College, Rathipur, West Bengal) Santoshi Halder (Department of Education, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)

Resilience is important for undergraduate students. Students' families primarily protect them from adversity and provide social supports which in turn help in promoting resilience. However there is a lack of study about the effect of self-perceived family functioning on psychological resilience from Indian cultural perspective which was proposed in the present research. Psychological resilience and self-perceived family functioning were measured on 490 1st year undergraduates students (age 18 to 21; M=18.97, SD= .83) employing Connor-Devidson resilience scale (2003) and Family Assessment Device (FAD), by Epstein, Baldwin, and Bishop (1983). Regression prediction reported that self-perceived family functioning in terms of problem solving and roles significantly predicted the resilience with 10.8% variance. Others factors, i.e., communication, affective responsiveness, affective involvement, behaviour control, even general family functioning were not found to be significant to predict resilience. The study will be helpful to understand resilience of a particular population of 1st year undergraduate students with respect to their family functioning.
Pages:244-251 S.K. Sahanowas (Department of Education, Narayangarh Govt. College, Rathipur, West Bengal) Santoshi Halder (Department of Education…
Pages:252-255
Camelia Yousefi (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran) Siros Sarvghad (Department of Psychology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived perceived domestic violence and the quality of sex in divorced women in Mofatteh Branch in Tehran. This descriptive study is a correlation type. This descriptive study is a correlation type. The statistical population of this study consisted of all female applicants for divorce referring to the Mofatteh branch in Tehran. This descriptive study is a correlation type. The statistical population of this study consisted of all female applicants for divorce referring to the Mofatteh branch in Tehran. A sample of 100 people was selected as the sample. Thus, in a one-month period, 100 female applicants for divorce in a court of law who were violent were selected as the research sample and were tested by two questionnaires (domestic violence & sexual quality). The results showed that the relationship between domestic violence and the quality of sex is reversible and meaningful. As domestic violence predicts 34 percent of the female sex quality variance. Which, according to the components of "emotional, physical and sexual abuse," play a significant role in this prediction.
Pages:252-255 Camelia Yousefi (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran) Siros Sarvghad (Department of…
Pages:256-259
Sorayya Asiri Sorkhehei and Aminallah Fazel (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to predict occupational burnout for coping strategies and personality traits in the principals and vice presidents of district 5 of Tehran. The statistical population of this study consisted of all principals and directors of district 5 of Tehran city in 1996. In this research, 100 people were selected by multistage cluster sampling according to the framework of statistical society. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire consisted of 5 person factors, a burnout questionnaire, and coping strategies questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaires was verified using content validity and reliability through Cronbach's alpha. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multivariate regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed that, one of the components of coping strategies, the component of acceptance of responsibility, can be positive and exhaust-avoidance component of burnout can predict job burnout negatively. Meanwhile, acceptance of liability has been more powerful. 2- From the components of personality traits, extroversion and conscientiousness can predict job burnout negatively; conscientiousness has been a stronger predictor.
Pages:256-259 Sorayya Asiri Sorkhehei and Aminallah Fazel (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan…
Pages:260-266
Narayanan Annalakshmi (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

Adolescents from low-income rural families are confronted with several factors in their everyday life that challenge their adaptation. They are deprived of the resources they require for healthy development. The present study attempted to identify the predictors of resilience and academic achievement among rural adolescent students at-risk. An initial sample of 414 adolescents (Males= 220; Females=194) was recruited from seventh and eighth standard of three Government schools located in rural areas in Coimbatore. A sample of 208 (Males= 112; Females=96) adolescents who scored high on internalizing/externalizing problems was screened-in for the study. The participants completed self-report measures of internalizing and externalizing problems, meta-cognitive awareness, self-regulation, experience in close relationships, and resilience. Regression analysis carried out to identify the best predictors of resilience, and academic achievement showed interesting results. Self-regulation was the single predictor of resilience. Self-regulation positively and attachment avoidance negatively predicted academic achievement. The secure attachment style also appears to be critical for promoting social and cultural capital among adolescents at-risk. Interventions with at-risk adolescents may focus on promoting self-regulation and secure attachment.
Pages:260-266 Narayanan Annalakshmi (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)
Pages:267-271
Rekha Johny Neelankavil and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines)

Alcohol addiction is a family ailment that strains the family to that extreme point of family break up and affects negatively the growth of family life. It also affects negatively psychological and physical health. It destabilizes family income, oneness among the family members and the family dynamics. Women are worried and affected by their partner's drinking. The negative effect of alcohol destroys the wives of alcoholics, as it to the alcohol addicts. Various stressful experiences due to partner's alcoholism are reflected in the form of psychological problems especially the depressive symptoms among wives of alcoholics. The negative emotional state and thought patterns force them to perceive the life experience as more stressful. This makes a marked effect on their physical, psychological, marital and social life. Recognizing the need to help the wives of alcoholics who have the perceived stress and depressive symptoms, the researcher developed Cognitive based Acceptance Program (CAP) integrating Transactional Cognitive appraisal theory, Stress buffering model and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) model. The program was evaluated by six inter-disciplinary experts. After words, a feasibility test was conducted with ten wives of alcoholics who have high perceived stress and moderate depressive symptoms. The intervention was positively accepted by the wives of alcoholics and the results of the pilot study revealed a significant decrease in perceived stress and depressive symptoms among the participants.
Pages:267-271 Rekha Johny Neelankavil and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila…
Pages:272-277
Thomas Kuttiankal and Lucila O. Bance (Department of Guidance and Counseling, Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila Philippines)

The purpose of the paper was to develop an effective, and appropriate intervention program for young adults. The present study (Pilot study), thematized and tested the newly developed intervention called, Cognitive Spiritual Intervention Program (CSIP) on depressive symptoms and psychological well-being of young adults (18-25 years). A total population of 350 participated in the assessment through questionnaires. There were 189 participants identified with lower level of psychological well-being and moderate level of depressive symptoms. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase I: Development of the CSIP applying descriptive research method, and Phase II: Assessment of the efficacy of the CSIP using true experimental research method, Pre-Post-Test Control group design. The pre-test and post-test mean scores and standard deviation values of depressive symptoms of the participants were measured with Hopkins Symptoms Check List-25 (HSCL-25), and psychological Well-being of the participants with Scale of Psychological Well-being (SPWB). The mean score of the pretest was1.58 and post-test 1.14 indicates decrease in the level of depressive symptoms among the participants after the Pilot study. The p value shows significant difference in the pretest and post-test scores of Hopkins, (2.848; p=.004). The tests also show the mean scores of SPWB, pre-test, 129.70 and post-test, 224.80 increased after Pilot study and P value shows the significant difference in the pre-test scores and post-test scores of SPWB, (t= 2.803; p= .005). The findings show that Cognitive Spiritual Intervention Program is an effective intervention tool for enhancing psychological well-being and reducing depressive symptoms.
Pages:272-277 Thomas Kuttiankal and Lucila O. Bance (Department of Guidance and Counseling, Graduate School, University of…
Pages:278-283
Shailendra Kumar Mishra (Provincial Civil Servant in India, Founder of Mission Chetna, New York)

Hitherto, psychologist have achieved many success in the treatment of various mental diseases by using psychological principles of ''counter conditioning'' and ''desensitization''. This research indicates a new process of removing the inability of physically disabled people through the use of the principles of counter conditioning and systematic desensitization. In fact, due to physical disability, lack of sense organ or body part, low-cognitive map of ability i.e. in form of ''cognitive inability'' is conditioned with every challenges or opportunity or task coming in way of their life day to day. This is due to the fact that people with disabilities often receive negative remarks by the society related to their body and ability which leads to the development of low self-esteem as suggested by Bandura and Woods (1989) i.e., their low perceived self-belief lowered their perceived self-efficiency, hence , low cognitive map of their ability (World Health Organization). From the rating of the research questionnaire put before 60 sample of disabled people from same social , economic background, there was found a low cognitive map of ability in them. On the other hand, when the same questionnaire are rated on 60 sample of physically normal people from the same social & economic background, the said cognitive inability was found negligible in them. But when we have done skill training of that group of disabled persons gradually and systematically, their low cognitive map of ability has been desensitized with new challenges, opportunities of their lives and then a '' cognitive map of ability '' is counter conditioned in place of low cognitive map or inability as results are seen. Actually the gap between the level of ''apparent ability'' and ''real ability'' of disabled person, which is more than that, can be filled by a process of systematic and gradual skill training as many psychologists like Compton and Logan (1991) has found in their studies that with practicing any skill response time of a stimuli will become quick. This is actually ''cognitive inability illusions'' developed as conditioned response against new challenges, tasks or opportunities in way of his life. Learning of new skill reciprocally inhibit to CR (conditioned response) in form of ''cognitive map of inability'' and this, in turn, change the cognitive map of inability in to self-confidence in his ability, i.e., cognitive map of ability as conditioned response are counter conditioned. We have also measured the ''apparent ability'' and ''real ability'' of persons with disabilities in form of self-estimation of ability in order of increasing level of challenges or tasks gradually given to them, before and after gradual skill trainings. The most important aspect of this study along with its educational, social and policy making importance, is that we can eradicate ''inability illusions'' or change cognitive map of inability of disabled people by facilitating a systematic and gradual skill training programme to them according to their interest and hence achieve their potential ability in behaviour.
Pages:278-283 Shailendra Kumar Mishra (Provincial Civil Servant in India, Founder of Mission Chetna, New York)
Pages:284-287
Somy Thettayil and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines)

Oppositional defiant disorder is one of the most frequent behavioral problems of children which is characterized by forms of aggression such as physical harm, argumentativeness, active defiance and disobedience. It influence adversely on individual, social, educational and other areas of individuals' functioning. Understanding the need of an intervention which target the aggression of children with oppositional defiant disorder symptoms and making the child more socially oriented with prosocial behaviors the researcher developed the 'Social Cognitive Experiential Play Intervention (SCEPI)' based on the Social information processing and cognitive theories in a play therapy paradigm to reduce aggression and to enhance prosocial behavior. The newly developed intervention was exposed to expert's evaluation by six inter- disciplinary specialists and a feasibility test was piloted with ten children having oppositional defiant disorder symptoms who were in high aggression and low prosocial behavior. The intervention was really made positive impact in participants and the analysis of the pilot study showed significant reduction in aggression and increase in prosocial behavior among the children.
Pages:284-287 Somy Thettayil and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines)
Pages:288-293
Namrata Bhattacharyya and Nishat Afroz (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

Workplace spirituality is one of the fastest growing areas of research in management and human development and organizations over the world have sought to incorporate spirituality into their work culture in the hopes of solving modern day work challenges. The relationship between workplace spirituality and employee attitudes has been an important area of research since its inception. Workplace spirituality is a multi-faceted construct and numerous researches over the years have outlined the principal dimensions of workplace spirituality according to their own conceptualizations. The purpose of this paper is to explore the most frequently cited dimensions of workplace spirituality and to study their relation to the most prevalent work-related outcomes by discussing the existing literature, reviewing findings and exploring the theoretical connections between them.
Pages:288-293 Namrata Bhattacharyya and Nishat Afroz (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)
Pages:294-299
Jiju George Arakkathara and Lucila O. Bance (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines)

Stress related to the parenting of children with intellectual disabilities often leads to emotional burn out, physical exhaustion and social isolation. In Indian context and culture, mothers are more affected with the disability of the child. It adversely affects their psychological well-being. Since parental stress, resilience and well-being are inter connected development of resilience by strengthening the protective factors will help to alleviate the impact of parental stress and thus enhance well-being. This research attempts the Development and Implementation of the Intervention Program: Promotion of Well-being, Resilience and Stress management (POWER) among Mothers of children with Intellectual Disability. It has the theoretical basis on Transactional theory of Stress, PERMA Model of Well-being, Middle range theory of Resilience and Mindfulness-based cognitive theory. The assessment tools used are Parental Stress Scale (PSS), Ryff's Scale of Psychological Well-being (RSPW) and Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Mixed research method particularly sequential exploratory design is used in this a study. The first phase of the study is the development and evaluation of the intervention applying descriptive research method and the second phase is testing the efficacy of the intervention using Solomon Four Group Research Design. The intervention was subjected to expert validation by seven inter disciplinary experts and feasibility study was conducted among Ten(10) mothers who were in moderate level of parental stress and low level of well-being and resilience. Results of the pilot study showed significant decrease in the parental stress and remarkable increase in the resilience and well-being level of the participants.
Pages:294-299 Jiju George Arakkathara and Lucila O. Bance (The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila…
Pages:300-304
John Lourdusamy and Sally Caballero (Department of Psychology, The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Espana, Manila, Philippines)

Widows in India are different from the rest of the world because of their religious beliefs and cultural values. Once the husband dies, the woman loses her identity and suffers social death. They are considered as "bad luck" and cursed (Chandrasekhar & Ghosh, 2018). They are not allowed to remarry. Many times young widows are sexually abused by the members of their own family. They face multiple forms of social discrimination. Recognizing the need of a therapeutic intervention for widows who are suffering from mild to moderate depression, the researcher developed the Integrated Well-being Intervention program (IWI) integrating the Mindfulness -Based Cognitive Theory and Well-Being Theory to enhance psychological well-being of widows and reduce depression. A feasibility test was conducted with ten widows who were in moderate depression. Data were collected through Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-being (SPWB), semi-structure interview as well as focus group discussion were conducted, the data were statistically analyzed by using descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, and paired sample t-test. Pre-test and post-test scores of the study showed significant differences (p = .001) at 0.05 level. The intervention was subjected to expert's validation and was positively received by the participants. The results of the pilot study showed a significant decrease in depression and increase in the psychological well-being of the widows.
Pages:300-304 John Lourdusamy and Sally Caballero (Department of Psychology, The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas…
Pages:305-310
A. George and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Thomas, Manila, Philippines)

HIV is a major global public health issue today. The day to day confrontations of various stressful situations in the lives of the people living with HIV drag them into the shadows of hopelessness and meaninglessness. Perceiving this scenario, the researcher aimed to develop an intervention to enhance the meaning in life and to alleviate death anxiety among the adult men living with HIV and to pilot test its viability and usability in the clinical practice. The study made use of The Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), and the Templer Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) to assess levels of the meaning of life and death anxiety the adult men living with HIV face. For the better understanding of the situation the researcher conducted need-assessment survey, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Based on these assessment procedures, the researcher developed a nine-modular intervention program, CBT based acceptance commitment logo-therapeutic meaning management program (CALM), an intervention based on the meaning management theory to enhance meaning of life and to alleviate death anxiety among the adult men living with HIV. The content of CALM was validated by six inter-disciplinary experts and it proved to be excellent. The pilot was tested among ten adult men living with HIV. CALM showed large effect of enhancement of the meaning in life and decrease in death anxiety of the participants in the study.
Pages:305-310 A. George and Rosalito De Guzman (The Graduate School, University of Santo Thomas, Manila, Philippines)
Pages:01-07
Thomas Kuttiankal and Lucila O. Bance (Department of Guidance and Counseling, Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines)

Prevention is better than cure. The purpose of this research study was to develop an effective, and appropriate intervention program for young adults (18-25 years old) in order to help them to alleviate depressive symptoms and to enhance psychological well-being, and prevent them from entering into dangerously higher level of depression. The present study thematized and tested the newly developed intervention called, Cognitive Spiritual Intervention Program (CSIP) on depressive symptoms and psychological well-being of young adults. A total population of 350 young adults from Bangalore Metro city, India, participated in the assessment through questionnaires. The study's two phases. Phase I: Development of the CSIP employing mixed method particularly sequential exploratory method and Phase II: Assessment of the efficacy of the CSIP employing true experimental research method, Pre-Post-Test Control group design. The mean scores and standard deviation values of depressive symptoms were measured with Hopkins Symptoms Check List-25 (HSCL-25), and psychological well-being with Scale of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB). Paired or the finding showed that, Cognitive Spiritual Intervention Program is an effective intervention tool. The highest to the lowest contributing subscale to psychological well-being. The result confirmed the effectiveness of intervention. Keywords: depressive symptoms, psychological well-being, cognitive, spirituality DOI:
Pages:01-07 Thomas Kuttiankal and Lucila O. Bance (Department of Guidance and Counseling, Graduate School, University of…
Pages:08-11
Majid Jamehbozorgi, Abbas Rahiminezhad, and Elahe Hejazi (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran)

The purpose of the present research was to study the relation of academic identity statuses, dimensions of identity and demographic variables with academic adjustment in first-year students (junior students). For this reason among students (male & female) 302 people of art and science (engineering) faculties from Azad Borojerd University were studied by random two stages cluster sampling method. For determination of academic adjustment used Barrow Academic Adjustment Questionnaire which is included 90 statements that it measures 6 subscales which each consider some aspects of adjustment. Reliability of the questionnaire was0.92 and concurrent validity of total score of adjustment with academic performance was0.35 which obtained in Barrow studies. Academic identity statuses (AIS) were measured with was and Isaacson questionnaire and dimensions of identity was measured with Laiks (DIDS) scale. Findings of present research showed that among four academic identity statuses , achieved academic identity at α<0.05 and moratorium academic identity at α<0.01 predicted academic adjustment. Also it was recognized that identification with commitment was only variable from dimensions of identity which its variations cause changes in academic adjustment and only this can make such variation. At sum academic identity statuses, dimensions of identity, and demographic variables in regression analysis predicted 13 percent of variances of academic adjustment. Keywords: academic adjustment, dimensions of identity, academic identity statuses DOI: https://doi.org/10.15614/ijpp.v11i01.2
Pages:08-11 Majid Jamehbozorgi, Abbas Rahiminezhad, and Elahe Hejazi (Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of…
Pages:12-15
Mandana Matinzadeh, Fatemeh Bahrami, and Taher Tizdast (Department of Counseling, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon branch, Tonekabon, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive-metaphorical group counseling based on Rumi's Masnavi on reducing rumination and increasing cognitive flexibility and self-efficacy in depressed housewives. This study was quasi-experimental based on pretest-posttest and follow-up with control and follow-up groups. The sample in this study consisted of 36 married and housewives of Isfahani (resident in Isfahan) who had the highest level of depression (17-29) based on Beck questionnaire and randomly divided into two groups. Experiments and controls were replaced. Research tools included rumination questionnaire, general self-efficacy questionnaire, and cognitive flexibility questionnaire. The experimental group participated in eight sessions of cognitive-metaphorical group counseling based on Rumi's Masnavi. Analysis of data using repeated measures ANOVA showed that this intervention increased cognitive flexibility (p<0.005). And self-efficacy (p<0.05) and rumination decline (p<0.05) in the experimental group had a significant effect on the post test and these effects continued until the follow-up. This study may have useful implications for the development of preventive and therapeutic education programs to improve the mental health of housewives. Keywords: cognitive-metaphorical counseling, rumination, cognitive flexibility, self-efficacy, depressed women DOI: https://doi.org/10.15614/ijpp.v11i01.3
Pages:12-15 Mandana Matinzadeh, Fatemeh Bahrami, and Taher Tizdast (Department of Counseling, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon branch…
Pages:16-19
Samira Karimi (Department General of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran) Mitra Mahmoodi (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to predict addiction tendency based on youth lifestyle and cultural capital. For this purpose, 136 youths living in Fasa prison were selected by convenience sampling and they answered addiction tendency questionnaire, cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, Lifestyle Questionnaire (LSQ), Cultural Capital Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions. Findings showed that cognitive emotion regulation, lifestyle and cultural capital had a positive and significant relationship with youth addiction tendency. Also, only all components of cultural capital had a negative and significant relationship with the tendency to marry young people, and there was no significant relationship between the components of lifestyle. Regression results also showed that the results showed 11.4% of youth addiction tendency changes it is explained by the variables of emotion regulation and 43.8% of the changes in the tendency for youth addiction by the components of cultural capital. Keywords: tendency to addiction, lifestyle, cultural capital DOI:
Pages:16-19 Samira Karimi (Department General of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran) Mitra Mahmoodi (Department…
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