Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing

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About this Journal

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Authors and Ethical Guidelines

Peer Review Policy


Well-being: Concept, barriers and promotion Pages: 1256-1259 Aradhana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Kumaon University, S.S.J. Campus, Almora) In these days considerable attention is being made on carving the positive aspect of life and in this regard the relative efficacy of the concept of well being can not be denied. The notion of wellbeing can best be defined as a complex construct which is comprised of optimal psychological functioning and experience .It reveals the positive affects even for the negative circumstances, but it ,too is not the sheer absence of mental illness. Surely, it makes a balance between positive affect and negative circumstances .However, it is deeply with favorable emotions, negative affect and total cognitive awareness of life satisfaction. Positive affect consists of pleasant emotion or feeling while negative emotion causes negative feeling and thus, hampers the roots of well being .So,there is a need to understand the concept of well being ,try to minimize the hampering factors and attempt to enhance its magnitude and then, spread in the society . This is a review cum observation based paper in which the author has shed light on the concept of well being and its current status in Indian scenario .The barriers of wellbeing are also discussed that disturb the flow of well being .At last, strategies for the promotion of well being is also discussed with a desire of universal welfare or Lok Kalyan ,which can only be possible by thinking ,perceiving ,acting and behaving good for the society and that must be unconditional . Pages: 1256-1259Aradhana Shukla (Department of Psychology, Kumaon University, S.S.J. Campus, Almora) Read more Get Access
Study of attention in children and adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder their first-degree relatives and healthy controls Pages: 1260-1262 Madhumita Bhattacharyya and Vinod Kumar Sinha (Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi) Masroor Jahan (Ranchi Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Allied Sciences, Ranchi) Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common, heritable and disabling neuropsychiatric disorder. Evidence from cognitive and neuroimaging studies (functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET)) have generally been taken to be supportive of these theoretical models; however, results from these studies have not been entirely congruent with each other. Attempts have been made to delineate genetic contributions in OCDwith an ongoing search for neurocognitive endophenotypesbut have met with limited success. In this study, we attempted to study and compare the attentional property of patients with OCD, their first-degree relatives (FDRs) and healthy controls. A cross-sectional design study was carried out with eight patients (age 11-16 yrs.), their eight siblings and eight age matched healthy controls who were screened using GHQ-12. As part of this assessment, we administered Stroop Colour Word Test on affected children and adolescents with OCD, their non-affected siblings and normal control. SPSS version 20.0 was used for data analysis. The patients with OCD performed worse than their FDRs as well as from the normal control group on test assessing attention, (P > 0.01). Study revealed deficits in attention, and supported the involvement of responsibilityof fronto-striatal loop in OCD. The present study reveals attention in OCD is impaired. Pages: 1260-1262Madhumita Bhattacharyya and Vinod Kumar Sinha (Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi)Masroor Jahan (Ranchi Institute… Read more Get Access
Postpartum reproductive health care of Hindu and Muslim women: A comparative study Pages: 1263-1267 Alok Kumar (Department of Sociology, C. C. S. University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh) This paper compares the postnatal reproductive health care among Hindu and Muslim women, and thrust in mainly on the socio-economic profile of the women and includes attitude towards the age at marriage, pregnancy/delivery and children, attitude of women and their family members after child birth specifically examining the prevalence of post-delivery complications and finally, source of consultation/ treatment for post delivery complications. Keeping all the above facts in view, the researcher has decided to investigate the phenomenon by using interview and observation technique at Bulandshahar City, district head quarter. The results reveal that Hindu women belong to high socio economic profile in comparison to Muslim women, are more aware and careful about their prenatal and postnatal reproductive health, their in-laws take care of their children, still they suffer from various diseases and have weak infant; another contradictory finding is that Muslim women belong to lower socio economic profile in comparison to Hindu women; are not aware and careful about their prenatal and postnatal reproductive healthy but they are living health life and have healthy infants to that of Hindu women which is really surprising and stimulating issue for further research. Pages: 1263-1267Alok Kumar (Department of Sociology, C. C. S. University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh) Read more Get Access
Self-care behaviour and well-being of diabetic patients Pages: 1268-1271 Farah Habib and Anisa M. Durrani (Department of Home Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh) The present paper explores the relationship between self-care behavior and physical, emotional, and psychological wellbeing of diabetic patients. Self-care refers to actions and attitudes which contribute to the maintenance of well-being. In terms of health maintenance, self-care is “any activity of an individual, family or community, with the intention of improving or restoring health, or treating or preventing disease”. Seven essential self-care behaviors which predict good outcomes are healthy eating, being physically active, monitoring of blood sugar, compliant with medications, good problem-solving skills, healthy coping skills and risk-reduction behaviors. For Diabetes patient these seven behaviors have been found to be positively correlated with good glycemic control, reduction of complications and improvement in quality of life. Diabetes self-care requires the patient to make many dietary and lifestyle modifications supplemented with the supportive role of healthcare staff for maintaining a higher level of self-confidence for a successful behavioral change leading to a well-being. Diabetes not only affects a person physically but also emotionally. Thus management of diabetes requires a holistic approach which will include taking care of emotional and psychological well-being. Recent articles, papers and journals were reviewed for the purpose of the present study. The paper concludes with the discussion and findings of the importance of health care behaviors in improving well-being of diabetic patients. Pages: 1268-1271Farah Habib and Anisa M. Durrani (Department of Home Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh… Read more Get Access
Somnambulism: Co-occurrence with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Pages: 1272-1274 Phoram Trivedi (Consultant Psychologist, CIMS Hospital, Ahmedabad) Tatpar Joshipura (Khyati Institute of Physiotherapy, Army Cantonment, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) With an extremely rare occurrence, especially in adults, sleep walking, medically known as Somnambulism remains a much under studied area in the arena of sleep disorders. This case study aims to discuss the treatment of an 18 year old female who presented with two episodes of somnambulism following prolonged anxiety and sleep difficulties. The patient's medical and psychotherapeutic treatment continued over a period of six months. Cognitive behavioral intervention coupled with a sound therapeutic rapport helped achieve collaborative goals of setting proper sleep patterns through better management of anxiety and other negative feelings. Outpatient follow-up after six months showed no occurrence of somnambulism or sleep disturbance and anxiety was greatly reduced too. Structured CBT can thus be used as first line treatment to manage sleep disorders. Pages: 1272-1274Phoram Trivedi (Consultant Psychologist, CIMS Hospital, Ahmedabad)Tatpar Joshipura (Khyati Institute of Physiotherapy, Army Cantonment… Read more Get Access
Substance abuse prevention among adolescent: What works and what does not Pages: 1275-1277 Kaisolo Pazhiini (Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development, Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu ) Adolescent's substance abuse has become a major area of concern to health professionals, researchers, educationists, policy makers etc. With the rate of substance abuse soaring high across continents, many governmental bodies and other organisations began its effort to prevent substance abuse. In its effort of prevention, numerous strategies and approach were adopted and implemented. In their field application, it is found that some programmes were successful whereas others not successful. Thus, this study aims at synthesizing those interventions targeting at the prevention among adolescents and brings out a complete picture of what intervention works and what doesn't. Upon critically reviewing such programme, it would help those organisations and individuals better understand the existing and recent findings and recommendations. Sharing their educational effort and the preventive activities enable professionals to adopt and replicate similar curriculum to areas and communities where such programmes are needed. The analyses of those training programme indicate that intervention which provides a comprehensive self building and empowerment model were found more successful and effective than those providing merely knowledge based and scare campaign. Pages: 1275-1277Kaisolo Pazhiini (Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development, Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu ) Read more Get Access
Structure of lateralization: Evidence from peripheral and central measures Pages: 1-8 Indiwar Misra (Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand) Damodar Suar (Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal) Manas K. Mandal (Defence Institute of Psychological, Research, New Delhi) The present study examines the structure of laterality on the basis of association observed among several central and peripheral measures. The sample comprised of 224 persons namely right- (n = 142), left- (n = 61) and mixed-handers (n =21). Three models were tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to see the relationship between the laterality quotients of different task asymmetries. The first model tested 'global and local' relationship, the second model tested the 'global' relationship and the third model tested the 'local' relationship. Results reveal that the local model has the better fit indices than the other two models and this model comprises of six factors. First factor consists of laterality quotients of preference measures of hand, foot, eye, and ear. The second factor is made of the laterality quotients of motor performances of hand and foot. The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth factors consists of the laterality quotients of verbal and non-verbal components each of dichotic listening task, dichaptic task, split visual field and lateral eye movement respectively. Pages: 1-8Indiwar Misra (Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand)Damodar Suar (Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur… Read more Get Access
Study of well-being across age group Pages: 9-11 Alka (N. M. P. G. College, Hansi, Hisar, Haryana) Nov Rattan Sharma (Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana) Adolescence is a age, when so many physical and mental changes are occurred in the their life. These changes are affect their physical structure, behavior, relationship and many aspects of the adolescent life. These revolutionary changes challenge their growth, personality and develop new concepts. Well-being plays an important role in the life of adolescents. This provide confidence, courage, and make able to adolescents to face the different challenges of their life and give direction to fulfill their dreams with more enthusiasm. This study was conducted on 300 students (150 Boys and 150 Girls) studying in different grade from 7th to 12th classes of Bhiwani city school. These participants tested on Well-Being Scale. The findings reported that the concern about well-being which deals with the different age group. Pages: 9-11Alka (N. M. P. G. College, Hansi, Hisar, Haryana)Nov Rattan Sharma (Department of Psychology… Read more Get Access
Emotional intelligence, resilience and temperament as predictors of mental health among adolescents Pages: 12-17 Narender and Hardeep Lal Joshi (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana) Mental health of adolescents is a major concern area for psychologists. In order to find out different variables that contribute and predict mental health among adolescents, the present study was planned to examine the relationship between Mental Health, Emotional, Intelligence, Resilience and Temperament among Adolescents. Mental Health Battery (MHB), Multidimensional Measure of Emotional Intelligence (MMEI), Resilience Scale (RS) and The Formal Characteristics of Behavior-Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI) were employed on 400 adolescents within the age range of 15 to 19 years. The data was subjected to Pearson's Product Moment Method of correlation and Multiple Regression analysis. Results revealed that positive association exists between components of Mental Health and Emotional Intelligence. In the same way Resilience and Temperament correlates positively with Mental Health. Results also revealed that emotional intelligence, temperament, and resilience play important role in mental health of adolescents. Finding also revealed that emotional intelligence (motivating oneself, handling relationships, managing emotions), temperament (endurance, emotional reactivity) and resilience predict 30%variance (R2=.30) of mental health among adolescents. Pages: 12-17Narender and Hardeep Lal Joshi (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana) Read more Get Access
Mindfulness based cognitiacve therapy for depression in the elderly Pages: 18-21 Vikas Yadav (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi) Increasing incidence of the depression in the elderly has become a major problem. Apart from the traditional therapeutic & pharmacological approach, Mindfulness based cognitive therapy as a treatment of the depression in the elderly has gained prominence. The background of MBCT, its theoretical features and its current evidence base has been discussed. The aim is to review the literature on the topic & lay down the guidelines for the future research. Pages: 18-21Vikas Yadav (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi) Read more Get Access
Significance of psychometric assessment in a case of organic involvement: A case report Pages: 22-23 Shivani Pandey (Department of Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) Shweta Singh and Anil Nischal (Department of Psychiatry, King George Medical University, Lucknow, U.P.) The role of psychometric assessment in the diagnosis of persons with organic involvement had been reported since decade; however there is dearth of literature supporting the diagnostic significance of psychometric assessment in cases which apparently do not exhibit any active psychopathology or organic signs and symptoms. We report a case, referred for routine psychometric assessment for the purpose of diagnostic clarification. Detailed psychiatric history and MSE did not reveal any active psychopathology or signs and symptoms. In depth Psychometric assessment indicated significant organic involvement. Following which Neurological reference was sought. MRI was done which revealed well defined heterogeneous enhancing soft tissue lesion (5.94.24.2 cm in size) with areas of cystic/necrotic changes, calcification/hemorrhage in right temporal region. Psychometric assessment procedure is crucial for diagnostic clarification especially with persons who apparently do not exhibit any active psychopathology or organic signs and symptoms. Pages: 22-23Shivani Pandey (Department of Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)Shweta Singh and Anil… Read more Get Access
Positive personality attributes and executive functions among postgraduates Pages: 24-29 Satish Kumar, Amrita Yadava and Nov Rattan Sharma (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana) Executive functions are cognitive abilities that allocate for more goal-oriented and self-directed behavior. It is well-established fact that these higher cognitive control abilities are associated with lower levels of negative emotion and allocate positive states. The objective of this piece of research was to examine the associations between positive psychological characteristics i.e. well-being, forgiveness and empathy with executive functions. The sample consisted of 100 postpostgraduates who are taken from Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak by using incidental sampling technique. The age range of the sample varies from 20 to 30 years. The participants are administered Subjective Well-Being Inventory (SUBI), Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and Executive Functions Index (EFI). The data were subjected to correlational analysis in order to assess the relationship between the variables. Further regression analysis was applied to identify positive psychological characteristics which predict executive functions. Results indicated that forgiveness, empathy and well-being seem associated with executive functions. Regression analysis indicated that three variables i.e. forgiveness dimensions i.e. Self and Situation and well-being total accounted for 32% of the variance in executive functions. Thus, it is evident that positive psychological attributes related to forgiveness (self & situation) and well being played a significant role in executive functions. Pages: 24-29Satish Kumar, Amrita Yadava and Nov Rattan Sharma (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University… Read more Get Access
Women and mental health Pages: 30-36 Ashu Dhawan (Clinical Psychologist, Hisar, Haryana) The reality of women's lives remains invisible to men and women alike and this invisibility persists at all levels beginning with the family to the nation. Although geographically men and women share the same space, they live in different worlds. The mere fact that “Women hold up half the sky”- does not appear to give them a position of dignity and equality. True, that over the years women have made great strides in many areas with notable progress in reducing some gender gaps. Sprawling inequalities persist in their access to education, health care, physical and financial resources and opportunities in the political, economic, social and cultural spheres. Women's mental health has drawn attention not only from scholars, practitioners but also the media and the general public at large, acknowledging the dual role of biologically determined gender and socially determined gender in the way Health including Mental health's conceptualization. It is observed at all levels of scientific understanding right from the sociocultural to the hormonal, cellular and DNA levels. But it is also important to study gender differences in conditions less frequently found in women or has a relatively milder course and outcome in women and girls. The origins, expressions, course and outcome and the responses to treatment of all psychiatric illnesses differ in women than men. Pages: 30-36Ashu Dhawan (Clinical Psychologist, Hisar, Haryana) Read more Get Access
Impact of physical distress and psychological distress in women passing through different stages of menopause Pages: 37-40 Rutuja Karkhanis and Kamayani Mathur (Department of Psychology, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) Menopause is understood as the permanent cessation of menstruation as a result of the loss of ovarian activity which may lead various physical and mental health problems (WHO, 1999). The aim of the study was to examine the impact of physical distress and Psychological Distress in women undergoing through the phase of menopauseA sample of 300 women of Pre, Peri and Post Menopause phase were taken which were equally divided into 100 each. To measure the Physical and Psychological Distress in women, Cornell Medical Health Index(1947) was used. Spearmen correlation method was used to measure the between correlation between phases of menopause and physical & psychological distress. The findings of the study showed that there is a positive correlation between pre menopausal phase and psychological (r=6.66). Peri menopausal phase has a positive correlation between the physical distress(r=14.63) and psychological distress(r=5.89). Post menopausal has a positive correlation between Physical Distress(r=1.00) and psychological distress (r=1.00). Pages: 37-40Rutuja Karkhanis and Kamayani Mathur (Department of Psychology, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) Read more Get Access
Positive affectivity as a moderator of occupational stress and ill-health Pages: 41-44 Shashi Prabha Kashyap, Sandeep Kumar and Virendra Byadwal (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh) It is well established by the researchers that high levels of occupational stress leads to ill-health. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the factors which moderate the relationship between occupational stress and ill-health. The present study was conducted to examine the role of positive affectivity as a moderator of the relationship between occupational stress and ill-health among supervisors. The sample of this study consisted of 315 supervisory level employees of manufacturing organizations in India. The sampling techniques used was convenience sampling. Measures used for measuring occupational stress, ill-health and positive affectivity were Occupational Stress Index, General Health Questionnaire and Positive Affectivity dimension of Positive and Negative Affect Scale respectively. The moderated regression analysis of the data revealed that positive affectivity significantly moderate the relationship between occupational stress and ill-health of the supervisory level employees. This study may help supervisors to understand and develop one of the their positive traits or attributes, i.e., positive affectivity could be helpful in resisting occupational stress and maintaining their good health. Pages: 41-44Shashi Prabha Kashyap, Sandeep Kumar and Virendra Byadwal (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University… Read more Get Access
Anxiety and depression in chronic headache patients: Major concern for community mental health Pages: 45-47 Neeti Sharma, Ashutosh Gupta, Prerna Puri, and Manika Mohan (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur) Gupta, A. (Principal, Data Scientist, Walmart Labs) Many evidences support the anxiety-headache-depression syndrome as a distinct disorder, and also its association with psychiatric illness. This study highlights the importance of prospective research for studying the developmental course and consequences of headache syndromes. The relevant information for the sample of 100 patients was recorded on a Performa designed for this purpose comprising of socio-demographic variables like age, gender and triggering factors. The correlation-coefficient indicated a significant positive relationship between the anxiety and depression in chronic headache patients. These findings implicate high prevalence of anxiety and depression in the general population, and indicate an association between headache and psychological disorders. Also, various psychotherapies should be applied to the headache patients so as to treat them right at the onset level of anxiety and depression. Pages: 45-47Neeti Sharma, Ashutosh Gupta, Prerna Puri, and Manika Mohan (Department of Psychology, University of… Read more Get Access
Positive personality attributes and executive functions among post-graduates Pages: 48-53 Satish Kumar, Amrita Yadava and Nov Rattan Sharma (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana) Executive functions are cognitive abilities that allocate for more goal-oriented and self-directed behavior. It is well-established fact that these higher cognitive control abilities are associated with lower levels of negative emotion and allocate positive states. The objective of this piece of research was to examine the associations between positive psychological characteristics i.e. well-being, forgiveness and empathy with executive functions. The sample consisted of 100 postpostgraduates who are taken from Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak by using incidental sampling technique. The age range of the sample varies from 20 to 30 years. The participants are administered Subjective Well-Being Inventory (SUBI), Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and Executive Functions Index (EFI). The data were subjected to correlational analysis in order to assess the relationship between the variables. Further regression analysis was applied to identify positive psychological characteristics which predict executive functions. Results indicated that forgiveness, empathy and well-being seem associated with executive functions. Regression analysis indicated that three variables i.e. forgiveness dimensions i.e. Self and Situation and well-being total accounted for 32% of the variance in executive functions. Thus, it is evident that positive psychological attributes related to forgiveness (self & situation) and well being played a significant role in executive functions. Pages: 48-53Satish Kumar, Amrita Yadava and Nov Rattan Sharma (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University… Read more Get Access
Impact of antidepressants on periodontal health: A pilot study Pages: 54-55 Zareen Fatima and Afshan Bey (Department of Periodontics, Dr. Z A Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh) S. A. Azmi (Department of Psychiatry, J. N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP) Periodontal disease is an immune-inflammatory response of tooth supporting structures to microbial dental plaque. It is influenced by various factors such as poor oral hygiene, smoking, systemic diseases and psychological factors like stress, depression, anxiety. This study investigated the impact of antidepressant drugs on periodontal health. A total of 52 subjects were included in this case control study those were suffering from severe depression(HAMD Score≥16) for more than 1 year. In this 26 subjects were on antidepressants (case group) and rests were not taking any drugs for depression (control group). Periodontal examination was done to measure oral hygiene index, gingival index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level. Values for debris index, calculus index, gingival index, mean probing depth and clinical attachment level were 1.74±0.56, 1.62±0.53, 1.49±0.51, 3.15±0.84,4.31±1.25and 1.69±0.56, 1.30±0.63, 1.33±0.71, 3.10±0.89 in the case group and the control group respectively. A Univariate analysis was performed using software for statistical analysis. Values for all the parameters were significantly high in case of depression patients taking antidepressants in comparison to patients not on drugs (p<0.05). Within the limits of this study it is possible to conclude that there was significant impact of antidepressants on periodontal health. Pages: 54-55Zareen Fatima and Afshan Bey (Department of Periodontics, Dr. Z A Dental College, Aligarh… Read more Get Access
Early onset dementia: Subtypes and neuropsychiatric aspects Pages: 56-60 Kapil S. Kulkarni (Resident Doctor in Psychiatry, Jagjivan Ram, Hospital, Western Railways, Mumbai Central) Swapna R. Joshi (Junior Psychologist, Pune, Maharashtra) J. P. Rawat (Senior Psychiatrist, Jagjivan Ram Hospital, Western Railways, Mumbai Central) Charles Pinto (Honorary Consultant Psychiatrist, Jagjivan Ram Hospital Western Railways, Mumbai Central, BYL Nair Hospital and TN Medical College, Mumbai, Holy Family Hospital, Mumbai) Malay Dave (Honorary Consultant Psychiatrist, Jagjivan Ram Hospital, Western Railways, Mumbai Central, BYL Nari Hospital and TN Medical College, Mumbai) Early onset dementia (EOD) is the dementia occurring before 65 years of age. Major causes of EOD are Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD) and fronto temporal dementia (FTD) along with some reversible causes. We aimed to know 1) Clinical characteristics of EOD 2) Pattern of first presentation 3) Role head injury, smoking and alcohol abuse 4) Impact on activities of daily living (ADL) 5) Complications like delirium and psychosis. We collected data after evaluation of cognitively impaired patients during 2011 to 2013. Interpretation was done by using frequency distribution. Out of 280 patients 50 were diagnosed as EOD (18%). Males were 43/50 (86%) and females were 7/50 (14%). AD was main cause of EOD (38%) followed by VaD (34%) and FTD (14%). About 42% presented with behavioral and 38% with memory symptoms as first presentation while 20% had both. Alcohol abuse and smoking was seen in 46% and 42% respectively. 14% patients showed positive family history of EOD and history of head injury. Psychosis was seen in 34% and delirium in 14 % in the course of illness. VaD (76%) most commonly affected ADL followed by FTD (71%) and AD (68%). We concluded that 1) EOD was more prevalent in male.2) FTD commonly presented with behavioral while AD with memory problems as first presentation. 3) Alcohol abuse and head injury predisposed to MxD while smoking to VaD. 4) VaD most severely affected ADL followed by FTD and AD. 5) Delirium was frequent VaD while psychosis in AD. Pages: 56-60Kapil S. Kulkarni (Resident Doctor in Psychiatry, Jagjivan Ram, Hospital, Western Railways, Mumbai Central)Swapna… Read more Get Access
Validation of the factor structure of the five facet mindfulness questionnaire Pages: 61-66 Satchit Prasun Mandal, Yogesh Kumar Arya and Rakesh Pandey (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh) Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ: Baer, Smith, Hopkins, Krietemeyer & Toney, 2006) though is a widely used measure for assessing the trait mindfulness, its five factor structure has been questioned and a four factor model (without observe dimension) has been advocated in several studies. The validity of the initially proposed five factor and the alternative four factor models of the FFMQ was tested in the present study using the Hindi version of this measure (FFMQ-H) on a sample of 300 non-meditators (163 males & 137 females). Findings of the confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the original five factor of the FFMQ do not provide a good fit to the data even after allowing the five dimensions and some of the error terms to correlate. The test of the alternative four factor model (without the observe dimension) yielded a better fit compared to five factor model. The model was further revised by dropping three items (33, 4 & 10) having poor psychometric properties and/or poor loading which resulted in considerable improvement in the model fit. The final 28 item Hindi version of the FFMQ (without observe dimension) and its four factors demonstrated satisfactory reliability (alpha coefficient for the whole scale was .85 & for the four factors it ranged from .61 to .81). The findings suggest that the FFMQ-H can be used to reliably measure the trait mindfulness among Hindi speaking Indians and the trait mindfulness can be better summarized by four factors without the observe dimension that may be redundant for assessing it among non-meditators. Pages: 61-66Satchit Prasun Mandal, Yogesh Kumar Arya and Rakesh Pandey (Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu… Read more Get Access
Relationship of acculturative stress with social support, acculturation experience and cultural intelligence: A systematic review Pages: 67-72 Khan Abrar uz Zaman Khan and B. Hasan (Psychometrics Laboratory, School of Studies in Psychology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G.) The objective of the present systematic review was to examine the role of acculturation experience, cultural intelligence and social support on acculturative stress. 30 peer reviewed studies (full text) were identified (with inclusion criteria) through the J-Gate Plus database, covers the period from 1994 to 2014, using the search terms acculturation experiences, social support, cultural intelligence and acculturative stress. Six parameters are decided to assess internal validity of reviewed studies as recommend by Zhang and Goodson (2011), viz., research design, validity coefficients of criterion measure on own data, reliability coefficients of criterion measure on own data, validity and reliability coefficients of different predictor measures on own data, statistical analyses, effect size. Reviewed studies provide contradictory information regarding direct effect of social support on acculturative stress. Further, reviewed studies have insufficient external and internal validity. The information of acculturative stress under within country migrations has not yet been ascertained. This present systematic review concluded that acculturation experience, cultural intelligence and social support are insubstantial predictors of acculturative stress. The theoretical and practical issues have been discussed. Pages: 67-72Khan Abrar uz Zaman Khan and B. Hasan (Psychometrics Laboratory, School of Studies in… Read more Get Access
An evidence based review on ayurvedic management of Kaphaja Kasa (Chronic Bronchitis) Pages: 73-78 Rajashree Ranjita, Soubhagyalaxmi Mohanty and Alex Hankey (Division of Yoga and Life Science, SVYASA Yoga University, Bengaluru) H. R. Nagendra (SVYASA Yoga University, Bengaluru) Ayurvedic texts have described 'Kasa' as an independent Vyadhi and a symptom of various debilitating diseases with its separate types, signs, symptoms, pathogenesis, and treatment. If treatment of Kasa Vyadhi is not done in time it can give rise to critical conditions like Swasa, Shosa, Rajyakshama, Urakshata, Rakttapitta, Granthi, Arbuda of respiratory tract etc. So to avoid the above complications it is essential to prevent and manage Kasa Vyadhi. Kasa is of five types; Vataja, Pittaja, Kaphaja, Kshayaja and Kshataja. Among all, Kaphaja Kasa is prevalent in these days originated due to the exposure to active and passive smoking, air pollution, occupational hazards. Kaphaja Kasa is a disease described in Ayurvedic texts that shows close resemblance with chronic bronchitis on the basis of clinical manifestations. However, according to WHO chronic bronchitis and emphysema are now included within the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), a major cause of health care burden worldwide and the only leading cause of death among respiratory diseases that is increasing in prevalence. So in this article, critical analysis was done on the Ayurvedic management of Kaphaja Kasa vis-à-vis chronic bronchitis. Pages: 73-78Rajashree Ranjita, Soubhagyalaxmi Mohanty and Alex Hankey (Division of Yoga and Life Science, SVYASA… Read more Get Access
Developing psychological capital through mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) therapy Pages: 79-84 Himani Jain and Rohtash Singh (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana ) Many people find it hard to cope with the pressures of modern living. Every day, a quarter of a million people miss work because of stress, with 75 percent of all illnesses thought to be stress-related. And when times are hard, it can be difficult to see the light at the end of the tunnel. Cultivating mindfulness is the key to overcome suffering and recognize natural wisdom: both our own and others'. This research paper focuses on Developing Psychological Capital (Hope, Self-efficacy, Resilience and Optimism) through Mindfulness Therapy. A sample of 186 adults (77 M, 109 F) aged 21 to 65 years was randomly selected for research. Of whom 136 adults (52 M, 84 F) completed six measures: The Hope Scale, The General Self-efficacy scale, 14-item Resilience Scale (RS-14), The Life Orientation Test- Revised (LOT-R), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) for screening the participants with high depression and anxiety. The screened 64 (32 M, 32 F) participants were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental group (32adults: 16 M, 16 F) and control group (32adults: 16 M, 16 F). Participants in experimental group received Mindfulness Therapy for 8 weeks. The results obtained by applying paired samples t-test indicated a significant improvement in all the four constructs of Psychological Capital (Hope, Self-efficacy, Resilience and Optimism) and reduction in Depression and Anxiety. Pages: 79-84Himani Jain and Rohtash Singh (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana ) Read more Get Access
Analysis of factors influencing mortality and morbidity in neonates with esophageal atresia in a tertiary care centre in a developing country Pages: 85-90 Pradeep Kajal and Kamal Nain Rattan (Department of Pediatric Surgery, GIMS Rohtak, Haryana) Sanjiv Nanda (Department of Pediatrics, PGIMS Rohtak, Haryana) Namita Bhutani (Department of Pathology, GIMS Rohtak, Haryana) Esophageal atresia (EA) is a type of congenital anomaly caused by an abnormal embryological development of the esophagus, anatomically characterized by a congenital obstruction of the lumen of the esophagus or interruption in the continuity of the esophageal wall. The esophagus is divided into two blind pouches, an upper and lower, which may or may not communicate with the tracheobronchial tree, through a fistulous tract called tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF/TOF). It is a rare anomaly occurring in between 1 in 3000 and 1 in 4500 live births. To analyze the factors influencing mortality and morbidity in neonates with Esophageal Atresia in a tertiary care centre in a developing country.The hospital stay and progress of all neonates with esophageal anomalies admitted between July 2009 and Dec 2011 at the neonatal surgical unit, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India was analysed prospectively. Data extracted included age at admission, sex, gestational age, birth weight, place of delivery, history of feeding , associated congenital anomalies, respiratory status, type of esophageal atresia, gap between upper and lower pouch and postoperative complications. The survival was defined when the infant was discharged. Waterston prognostic criteria were used for survival. In this study, records of 174 neonates were analysed. The male to female ratio was 2.3:1. The mean gestational age was 37 weeks (32-42 weeks) and the mean birth weight was 2.3 kg ( 900 g to 4.0 kg). Majority of the babies were having history of feeding before being referred from peripheral health care centres including private nursing homes. The mean age at admission at our surgical unit was 2.7 days . The associated congenital anomalies were seen in 53% patients and the cardiac anomalies were the commonest (37%). The commonest type of anomaly was esophageal atresia with distal fistula (90%). Twenty two (13%) neonates could not be operated due to reasons which included parental refusal for surgery, multiple anomalies and babies too sick even for staged repair. The operative survival rate in this series was 65% and the overall survival was 57%. The factors responsible for high mortality in this series were: delayed diagnosis, poor antenatal as well as postnatal services, prematurity, low birth weight and early feeding leading to aspiration pneumonitis and sepsis. Moreover, lack of transportation facilities for sick neonates also added to the poor survival. Pages: 85-90Pradeep Kajal and Kamal Nain Rattan (Department of Pediatric Surgery, GIMS Rohtak, Haryana)Sanjiv Nanda… Read more Get Access
Gender, education and spiritual health: An exploratory analysis Pages: 91-96 Deepak Shukla (Director Operations, Pushpawati Singhania Research Institute, (Hospital), New Delhi) S.D. Sharma (Department of Psychiatry, National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS) & Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences) Shailendra Kumar Sharma and Pragyendu (Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (Evening), University of Delhi, Delhi) People around the world have increasingly realized the need of Spiritual health to attain best possible wellness status, irrespective of being theist or atheist and irrespective of their cast, creed, nationality, sex, age etc. Health professionals as well as common masses have increasingly felt the need of spiritual health, to attain overall wellness of people. The objective of the present research study was to measure and compare Spiritual Health scores of males and females as well as different educational group. To compare the Spiritual Health levels of all the participants of the current study Spiritual Health Scale (SHS- 2011) developed at National Institute of Health and Family Welfare contains 114 items, 6 constructs and 3 domains was used. Significant finding of the current study was the Spiritual Health scores of all Females respondents (n=128) when compared and contrasted with all Male respondents (n=332) were significant higher on the three domains namely, Self-Evolution, Self-Actualization and Transcendence and 5 constructs, namely, Wider Perspective, Nurturance Art, Engineering from Within, Deeper Meaning and Universal Love. Curiously the scores between males and females did not show a significant difference when compared on the construct of 'Considering oneself as a part of the Supreme.' Pages: 91-96Deepak Shukla (Director Operations, Pushpawati Singhania Research Institute, (Hospital), New Delhi)S.D. Sharma (Department of… Read more Get Access

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