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Pages: 1430-1433
Anuradha and Jagbir Malik (Department of Community Medicine, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana)
Savita Chahal, Amandeep Kaur, Varun Arora and Mukesh Nagar (Department of Psychiatry, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana)

Domestic violence against women is a widespread, deeply ingrained evil, which has serious impact on health and well-being of the females. It is important to know the reasons for domestic violence for timely intervention. The objective of the study is to find out the reasons for domestic violence against married females of Haryana. It is a cross-sectional study carried out on 880 currently married females of reproductive age group in both rural and urban areas of Haryana using Women's Questionnaire to find the prevalence of domestic violence. A specially designed semi structured questionnaire was administered to participants to assess the reasons for domestic violence. It was found that in rural area, the common causes of initiation of violence were arguing, substance abuse and poor family income. Arguing, substance abuse and refusal for sex were the common reasons stated by urban women. Breach of privacy was the most common reason reported by victims for not seeking help.

Pages: 1430-1433Anuradha and Jagbir Malik (Department of Community Medicine, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health…

Pages: 1434-1437
Naorem Binita Devi (Department of Psychology, Mizoram University, Aizawl)

This paper is about the study of personality traits, anxiety, depression, aggression, stress, dominance, warmth of Meitei community in Manipur. The main objective of this study is “to find out the correlation of personality traits i.e., neuroticism, extraversion, openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness of Meitei community; to find the correlation of personality and measures of the personality assessment inventory, i.e., Anxiety, depression, aggression, stress, dominance and warmth; to find out the correlation of anxiety, depression, aggression, stress, dominance and warmth of the Meitei community; to find out the factor structure of all the variables, neuroticism, extraversion, openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, anxiety, depression, aggression, stress, dominance, warmth of Meitei community. Trying to fullfill these objectives, the investigator randomly selected 140 participants from the normal population in Meitei community ranging age level of 20-60 yrs. Results are evaluated by mean, median, and factor analysis to find out the factor structure for the participants. For 140 subjects the correlation coefficients of .15 and .20 are significant at .05 and .01 levels of significance respectively. From the result, In general, the intercorrelations among five measures of personality are low ranging between -0.6 to.60. out of 10 intercorrelation, 9 correlations are significant at or beyond .05 level. In general the correlations between five measures of personality and 6 measures of personality assessment inventory i.e., anxiety, depression, aggression, stress, dominance,and warmth are low ranging from -.37 to .39. Out of the 30 correlations, only 19 correlations are significant at or above .05 level of significance. In general, the intercorrelations among 6 measures of anxiety, depression, aggression, stress, dominance and warmth variables are low ranging between -.22 to .68. out of 15 intercorrelations, 8 correlations are significant at or above .05 level. In this study, the investigator found 4 factors; namely general factor of personality (factor-I); neurotic factor (factor-II); well-organized factor ( factor-III); and autonomous factor (Factor-IV).

Pages: 1434-1437Naorem Binita Devi (Department of Psychology, Mizoram University, Aizawl)

Pages: 1438-1440
Sapna (Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak )
Hardeep Lal Joshi (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Haryana)

The aim of the research was to find out the predictors of suicide ideation among adolescents. The study was carried out at on a sample of 124 male and 156 female adolescent with age ranging from 14 to 17 years and mean age of 15 years. The sample was drawn from various educational institutes of three districts of Haryana, i.e., Kurukshetra, Hissar, and Fathehabad. Beck scale for suicide ideation, Academic anxiety scale for children, Child depression inventory and Self-efficacy questionnaire were used to gather the data. To identify the role of academic anxiety, depression and self-efficacy in predicting suicide ideation stepwise multiple regression was applied. Results revealed that depression and academic self-efficacy as the two strongest predictors of suicide ideation accounting 16% of the variance. Findings are discussed in the light of previous studies and implications are discussed.

Pages: 1438-1440Sapna (Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak )Hardeep Lal Joshi (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra…

Pages: 1441-1444
Anju Manocha (Associate Professor, GCG-14, Panchkula, Haryana)
Ruby Siwach Sangwan (Research Scholar, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana)

Adolescent girls, constituting nearly one tenth of Indian population, form a crucial segment of the society. Their nutritional status will decide the well being of the present as well as future generation. The study assessed the diet quality and nutritional status of 240 rural girls between 12-18 years of age from rural areas of Panchkula and Karnal district of Haryana State. Dietary intake data were collected by three days recall method. As a result of questionnaires and interviews, food intakes for three consecutive days were collected. Intakes of cereals, pulses, roots and tubers, and sugar and jaggery as reported by respondents were significantly lower than the prescribed Indian recommended dietary intakes (RDI). The consumption of milk and milk products and fats and oils was adequate whereas green leafy vegetables and fruits were the most limited food items. The respondents followed a two meal pattern and their diets were monotonous and cereal based. The mean daily intake of milk and milk products, pulses, green leafy vegetables, other vegetables and fruits was grossly inadequate meeting only 46%, 37%, 28%, 36% and 5% of the suggested allowances. The intake of fats and oil seeds and roots and tubers was somewhat adequate meeting 63% and 75% of the allowances while the intake of cereals and sugar was almost adequate revealing a deficit of less than 10%. The study further revealed not only a high incidence of under nutrition but also an inadequate energy or micronutrient intake. Therefore, sustained efforts are needed to educate rural masses regarding their increased nutritional requirements during adolescence and the need of hour is to plan and implement innovative developmental programmes to address the nutrition and health needs of rural adolescent girls in a comprehensive manner.

Pages: 1441-1444Anju Manocha (Associate Professor, GCG-14, Panchkula, Haryana)Ruby Siwach Sangwan (Research Scholar, NDRI, Karnal, Haryana)

Pages: 1445-1447
Matloob Ahmed Khan (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia)
Muzamil Ahmed (Department of Psychology, Government Degree Collage, Ganderbal, Kashmir, J&K)
Md. Jasimuddin Khan (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh)

The present study aims to study mental health of students between Sistan and Baluchestan University (Iran) and Aligarh Muslim University (India). A sample of 800 individuals was selected for this project, 400 students from Sistan and Baluchistan University Iran and 400 students from Aligarh Muslim University' India. One scale namely General Health Questionairre-28 were administered to all subjects. The obtained scores were analyzed by independent sample t-test and ANOVA. The results of independent t-test showed that there are no significant differences between two groups' i.e. Indian students have higher mean scores and showed lower mental health in comparison to their Iranian counterparts. The results of two-way ANOVA on mental health showed that there is not a statistically significant main effect for gender and also, interaction effect of gender and country in mental health is not statistically significant

Pages: 1445-1447Matloob Ahmed Khan (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia)Muzamil Ahmed…

Pages: 1448-1451
Gurminder Sokhey and Ravijot Kaur (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala)

The present investigation attempted to assess the role of adherence in Quality of life (QOL) amongst coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. The sample comprised 300 subjects: 150 patients (both males & females suffering from CHD, i.e., MI or Angina), and 150 normal healthy controls (both males & females) in the age range of 30 to 55 years and from middle & upper middle class families. The subjects were administered the Medical Outcome Study (MOS) Measure of Patient Adherence (Hays, 1993) and The RAND Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire: SF-36 (Ware,1993) to assess general and specific adherence to medical regimen of patients and their Quality of life (i.e., Physical and Mental health-related QOL) respectively. Correlational Analysis of the data revealed positive correlation of general adherence & specific adherence recommendations with both physical & mental health-related QOL for CHD patients. Whereas for normal controls, specific adherence recommendations (e.g,. regular exercise, cut down stress, etc.) were negatively correlated with both physical & mental health-related QOL. Further, specific adherence behaviours were positively correlated with only mental health-related QOL of CHD patients whereas for normal controls these were positively correlated with only physical health-related QOL.

Pages: 1448-1451Gurminder Sokhey and Ravijot Kaur (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala)

Pages: 1452-1454
Farah Ashraf, Asma Bashir, Shahab Mehmood and Bushra Saeed (Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology (SZABIST), Clifton, Karachi, Pakistan)

Orchids are well-known around the globe as plants of decoration and called as gems in the area of horticulture. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the flower extracts of Dendrobium nobile and phalaenopsis plants, in vitro for their antibacterial activity against pyogenic skin infection isolates, that is, Staphylococuus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis by means of agar disc diffusion method. For this intention, strains were isolated from skin acne patients and were identified by conventional methods. The flower extracts of Dendrobium nobile and phalaenopsis showed antibacterial activity against pyogenic skin isolates. In comparable, five standard antibiotics were also checked against the isolated strains. The data demonstrated promising outcome in case of Dendrobium nobile and phalaenopsis compared to five broad-spectrum antibiotics. Moreover, the analysis also demonstrated that the pyogenic skin infectious isolates were challenging against several broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Pages: 1452-1454Farah Ashraf, Asma Bashir, Shahab Mehmood and Bushra Saeed (Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute…

Pages: 1455-1457
Reetinder Kaur (Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

Palliative care is the total care of patients whose disease is not responsive to curative treatment. The control of pain, other distressing symptoms and improving quality of life are important goals of palliative care. The present study aims to analyze the role of palliative care in improving quality of life among advanced cancer patients. The data is collected by using QLQ-C30 questionnaire from 30 advanced cancer patients at their first and second visit to a palliative care unit in a tertiary care centre. The physical functioning among advanced cancer patients was found to be lowest and cognitive functioning was found to be highest at the first baseline assessment. The emotional, social and role functioning showed improvement with palliative care. In symptom scale, constipation, dyspnoea, insomnia, nausea, appetite loss and pain improved expect for fatigue. Findings of the study shows that advanced cancer patients benefited from the palliative care. Thus, it can be concluded that palliative care plays a very crucial role in improving QOL among advanced cancer patients.

Pages: 1455-1457Reetinder Kaur (Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

Pages: 1458-1460
K. G. Dhanesh (Clinical Psychologist, CRC for persons with disabilities, Kozhikode)
S. Karthikeyan (Lecturer in Rehab. Psychology NIEPMD, Chennai)

Autism is widely regarded to be the most severe of the childhood psychiatric conditions. It is a developmental disorder and is diagnosed on the basis of abnormal social development, abnormal communicative development, and the presence of narrow, restricted interests and repetitive activity, along with limited imaginative ability. The symptoms are usually evident by the age of three years. All the levels of IQ can occur in autism, but there is significant mental retardation in some three-quarters of the cases. The present study was to find out the relationship between Level of Intelligence & Social Quotient among children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) with regards to severity of the condition. The results shows while severity of Autism increases, the level of intelligence is found to be reduced and there is strong positive correlation between level of intelligence and social quotient among children with ASD.

Pages: 1458-1460K. G. Dhanesh (Clinical Psychologist, CRC for persons with disabilities, Kozhikode)S. Karthikeyan (Lecturer in…

Pages: 1461-1462
P. S. N. Tiwari and M. Singh (Department of Psychology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh)

Environment is the utmost important part of our lives. Protection of environment is everyone's duty. The teachers themselves need a good awareness about environmental concepts, so that they can educate the future citizens to protect our environment from pollution. In this context, the present study is an attempt to examine the environmental awareness among teachers. The sample consists of 72 male and female subjects belonging to intermediate (Class VIth to Class XII) and primary (Nursery to Class Vth) schools of Gorakhpur city. A measure of environmental awareness with five dimensions was used. Results revealed that teachers belonging to intermediate level were significantly high aware about their environmental problems than primary level teachers. Findings also showed difference between intermediate and primary level teachers on various dimensions of environmental awareness. It was found that only one dimension as awareness regarding environmental problems was found significant. The implications of the present study have been discussed.

Pages: 1461-1462P. S. N. Tiwari and M. Singh (Department of Psychology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur…

Pages: 1463-1466
Hardeep Kaur (Department of Social Work, Punjabi University, Patiala)

Significant limitations in intellectual functioning and also in adaptive behavior consisting of many daily social and practical skills, fall under, the definition of intellectual disability .It normally starts off before the age of 18. Impact of which can be seen not only on the person concerned but also on the family as a whole too. There exists a body of literature that not only explores the abilities and identifies several perspectives emerging from experiences of families of persons with intellectual disability and but also throw light on obstructions faced by them at various stages of development . The author in this paper has reviewed the literature related to issues pertaining to reactions and responses of the families to the challenges that arise due to the birth and upbringing of the child with intellectual disability

Pages: 1463-1466Hardeep Kaur (Department of Social Work, Punjabi University, Patiala)

Pages: 1467-1469
Bhanwar Singh, B. M. Vashisht, Pardeep Khanna, Meely Panda, Meenakshi Kalhan and Ramesh Verma (Department of Community Medicine, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana)

Poor hygiene practices and inadequate sanitary conditions play major roles in the increased burden of communicable diseases within developing countries. In India, the concept of personal hygiene is intermixed with several ritual ideas and traditions. However, it needs to be practiced properly by individuals alone who assume personal responsibility. There should be a motto to guide every one to follow and practice that 'cleanliness is next to godliness', which is taught to a child even from primary school days. Good personal hygiene usually means those measures a person takes to keep his skin and its appendages such as his hair, finger nails and toe nails and his teeth and mouth clean and in good condition This study was undertaken among 269 students of 5th to 12th classes. This study evaluated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of hygiene among rural school children in Chiri block of Haryana and assessed the extent to which proper knowledge of hygiene was associated with personal hygiene characteristics. Approximately 52% of students were found as having adequate knowledge of proper hygiene. Most students reported hand washing before meals (89.0%), but only 36.2% reported using soap. Although 76.7% of students reported that washing hands after defecation was important, only 14.8% reported actually following this practice. Study findings underscore the need for more hand washing and hygiene education in schools; and provide objective evidence that may guide the development of comprehensive health and hygiene intervention programs in rural schools. Successful implementation of these programs is likely to substantially attenuate the transmissible disease burden borne by school children in rural settings.

Pages: 1467-1469Bhanwar Singh, B. M. Vashisht, Pardeep Khanna, Meely Panda, Meenakshi Kalhan and Ramesh Verma…

Pages: 1470-1473
Bhattacharya Sayantani and Das Sanjukta (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata)

Pregnancy being an important milestone in a woman's life, motherhood has long been a debated topic. Every individual posit a different view of motherhood and its importance in one's life. From the time immemorial it has been considered as an expression of female identity, and every woman aspires to become mother to be socially accepted. But what exactly drives a woman to be mother is still a curtained fact. The present article is an endeavor to search for its cause in the society and in psychological makeup of the women. Though the societal operations have important contributions in having favourable attitude towards motherhood, personal choice and psychological factors do manipulate this attitude. A small survey was also conducted to get the impression of motherhood directly from the women to get a more magnified view of their perspectives. The survey revealed the influence of the lifestyle factors that shapes the decision of child bearing of the contemporary women. In this regard, the stance of the different theorists about motherhood has also been taken into account to provide an answer to the question, why every woman wants to have baby and yearns to be called 'mother'.

Pages: 1470-1473Bhattacharya Sayantani and Das Sanjukta (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata)

Pages: 1474-1478
Anitha D. S. (Department of Psychology, Jain University, Bangalore)
K. Jayashankar Reddy (Department of Psychology, CMRIMS, Bangalore)

The variations and consequences of care giving are distributed through the population equally, that is, adult-child, spousal, child-parent and so forth with far reaching implications. The caregiver of a member of the family with a chronic or terminal illness is in a perpetually stressful situation. The patients illness, combined with the disabilities or increased dependency caused by illness, in many cases constitute a major stressor for the entire family generally and for the caregiver in particular. The stress is intensified by such patients attributes as behavior problems and psychological distress. In case of cancer the stressor is more likely to be the patient's physical dependency arising from the side effects of medical treatment. The caregiver like the patient is in a stressful situation because of the threat to the life of the loved one, loss of the previous relationship, decrease of independence, the prospect of a decline in income and alterations in family roles. The primary caregiver plays an important in the well-being of the care receiver by providing social, emotional and physical support. The psychological distress created by stress begins at the time that the patient has difficulty in functioning and on the discharge of the patient from the hospital. Increased stress is experienced when the patient health condition moves from curative to palliative care. The patient is completely dependent on the caregiver for physical and psychological support. The caregiver is the companion throughout the illness period and provides emotional support. During palliative care the caregiver experience greater physical and psychological stress, greater burden and poor quality of life which in turn affect their role as caregiver. The need of the caregiver goes unnoticed by family members and their health suffers leading to psychological distress. The need for intervention to caregivers is a necessity which is ignored or not given importance in rural and semi urban areas. It is time the government provide hospice care to patients so that the burden of caring has less impact on the health of the caregiver thus reducing their psychological distress

Pages: 1474-1478Anitha D. S. (Department of Psychology, Jain University, Bangalore)K. Jayashankar Reddy (Department of Psychology…

Pages: 1479-1480
Masood ul Hassan (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh)

The study was intended to examine the effects of yogic and physical exercise on mental health. 100 subjects in four groups viz. light exercise group, heavy exercise group, yoga performers group and control group were administered measures of mental health. All the subjects are male in the age range of 19-24 years. Data were analyzed by simple ANOVA suitable for multigroup design. Results revealed that the control group had significantly poor mental health than the exercise and yoga performing group.

Pages: 1479-1480Masood ul Hassan (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh)

Pages: 1481-1485
Bhoomika Sachacher, Jaisal Jacob, Roshan Khanande, Deyashini Lahri (Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand )

The sexual nature of human beings is unique and display complex sexual behaviors. We create ideas, laws, customs, fantasies, and art around the sexual act. There are challenges to sexual functioning includes anxiety, sexual dysfunctions, illness, disease and disability. It is important to learn to adapt these challenges and this will maintain a positive view of sexuality. Sex therapy techniques help the clients to cope up with these issues.Although sex therapy has assumed the status of an independent psychotherapeutic specialty, practitioners of many disciplines and theoretical persuasions have been treating sexual problems for centuries. Despite active efforts to limit research and clinical practice in the area, interest in human sexual functioning and concern with sexual dysfunction refuses to go away. Both the efforts to maintain certain myths concerning sex and the efforts to change these myths attest to the importance of sex in our lives.

Pages: 1481-1485Bhoomika Sachacher, Jaisal Jacob, Roshan Khanande, Deyashini Lahri (Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi…

Pages: 1486-1489
Eva Panda and B. B. Pradhan (SOA University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa)
P. K. Mishra (Centre for Good Living, Bhubaneswar, Odisha)

This paper focuses on work and life. It tries to integrate and balance work life and quality of life Today's world is highly competitive. The workplace demands more than the expertise possessed. Vital is the mastery of technical and analytical skills. It is also necessary to learn effective time management skills. This will enable one to develop a confident attitude towards work and bring about a balance within the work and one's own life. Today's research in Organizational Behaviour has gathered momentum due changes in technology, organizational culture and changes in the society. The focus has been renewed into newer area like Quality Of Life. Different scholars have tried to quantify and define Quality of Life. It is viewed as a multiple relationship in happiness .It involves perception, attitudes, beliefs, experience, personality traits and everyday aspects of living. It is nothing but a situation that occurs at the individual level. The satisfaction plays an important role. It will bring about a positive attitude and in turn success in work and life. This in turn contributes to a higher order of Quality of Life and a balance in work Life.

Pages: 1486-1489Eva Panda and B. B. Pradhan (SOA University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa)P. K. Mishra (Centre for…

Pages: 1490-1491
Karuna Anand (Department of Psychology, G.D.H.G. College, Moradabad, U.P.)

The use of the word “health” to describe human “well being” is relative. The word health is originated from the old English word “health”, which means a state of bier and was generally used to infer a “soundness of body' (Dolfman, 1973). Health is defined in terms of an absence of objective sign indicating that body is not functioning properly, such as indices of high blood pressure and subjective symptoms of disease or injury such as pain or nausea (Birren & Jarit, 1985; Thoresen, 1984). A healthy person is one who is able to live at relative peace with himself and with his neighbours who, when these basic functions are accomplished still has energy left over to make further contribution to the society in which he lives. Mental health is an important but elusive concept that still has no single definition acceptable to everyone. Psychiatrist and psychologist, have been dissatisfied with this way of looking at mental health. It is now recognized by World Health Organisation (WHO) that health is positive term. On the basis of preliminary reports of White House Conference Bernard (1970) has defined mental health as “the adjustment of individual to themselves and the world at large with the maximum of effectiveness, satisfaction, cheerfulness and socially considerable behaviour and ability of facing and accepting the realities of life”.

Pages: 1490-1491Karuna Anand (Department of Psychology, G.D.H.G. College, Moradabad, U.P.)

Pages: 1492-1496
Pooja Bhatnagar and Waheeda Khan (Department of Psychology, Jamia Milia Islamia University, New Delhi)

The present retrospective study investigates the influence of positive and negative affects among heart disease patients. The sample was comprised of 120 males equally divided in three groups, i.e., MI, AP and CO. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) developed by Watson and Clark (1988) was administered on the heart patients and control group. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results indicated that mean score of control group on the measure of positive affectivity differed significantly from MI and AP groups, however the latter two groups did not yield significant mean differences on this measure. Analysis of post- hoc mean comparisons on the measure of negative affectivity showed that means of AP and MI groups are significantly higher than Control group.

Pages: 1492-1496Pooja Bhatnagar and Waheeda Khan (Department of Psychology, Jamia Milia Islamia University, New Delhi)

Pages: 1497-1501
Meenakshi Chauhan and P. K. Rai (Department of Psychology, Dr. H. S. G. University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh)

This paper aims at to study the impact of self-talk, and different traits of personality on empathy. Self-talk is a way of describing all the things we say to ourselves all day long as we confront obstacles, make decisions, and resolve problems. Self-talk of a person determines his self-esteem in a positive or negative way which in turn effects his behaviour. A trait is a temporally stable, cross-situational individual difference. According to Stein and Brook (2000), empathy is the ability to be aware of, to understand and to appreciate the feelings and thoughts of others and to be sensitive to what, how and why people feel and think the way that they do. To measure self-talk, Self-Talk Inventory, for the traits of personality, Big-five Personality test, and for empathy, Multidimensional Emotional Empathy Scale were used. This study was conducted on the students of post graduate classes of different faculties of Dr. H.S. Gour University. Multiple regression was done by using SPSS 17. In the correlation matrix positive self-talk, neuroticism and agreeableness are significantly correlated with empathy. All the predictor variables together are responsible for the 8.8% of variance in empathy. Negative self-talk, positive self-talk conscientiousness, and agreeableness are the strongest predictors among all.

Pages: 1497-1501Meenakshi Chauhan and P. K. Rai (Department of Psychology, Dr. H. S. G. University…

Pages: 1502-1505
Roopa K.S., Rama Devi G. and Praname Sharma (Department of Human Development and Research Centre, Smt. V.H.D. Central Institute of Home Science, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka)

An assessment of the existing knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) in the management of diabetes and hypertension among old age people was undertaken as the objective that was accomplished through a questionnaire on KAP in the management of diabetes and hypertension developed by the investigators and administered to a sample of 120 old age people of which 60 men and 60 women further classified into 30 in 65-70 and 71-76 years of age group. The quantitative analysis was made applying percentage and student 't' test for significance of difference among the groups classified for the study. The finding revealed in the management of hypertension the mean score of men and women respondents were found to be higher in attitude followed by knowledge and practices. In the management of diabetes men and women respondents showed higher mean score in knowledge followed by practices and attitude. There was no significant difference in KAP in managing diabetes among men and women respondents. There was no significant difference in KAP among the two age groups of elderly in managing the disease. The KAP scores of elderly people can further improve with well planned educational programme using various audio visual aids to impart knowledge about the disease diabetes mellitus and hypertension.

Pages: 1502-1505Roopa K.S., Rama Devi G. and Praname Sharma (Department of Human Development and Research…

Pages: 1506-1511
Sarayu. L. Chandrashekar and Malavi Madhusudan (Marriage & Family Therapy Program, Department of Behavioral Sciences Purdue University Calumet, United States of America )

Research has shown that mate selection preferences of individuals are influenced by their culture, family-of-origin and other systems they belong to. However, there is a gap in the literature examining how these preferences might have been socially constructed by the culture an individual belongs to or whether these social constructions differ from one culture to another. In this paper, the authors propose an assessment model, The Model for Assessment of Indian Mate Expectation (MAIME), based on Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, which will help clinicians work with Indian clients to deconstruct their mate preferences and identify unique aspects of Indian culture that have created their dominant stories of each other. The authors believe that individuals' mate selection preferences will have a significant impact on their marital satisfaction if they believe their partner has not met their expectations.

Pages: 1506-1511Sarayu. L. Chandrashekar and Malavi Madhusudan (Marriage & Family Therapy Program, Department of Behavioral…

Pages: 1512-1516
Charlane Pereira e Rebello (Smt. Parvatibai Chowgule College of Arts & Science Margao, Goa)
Priscilla Paul (Department of Applied Psychology & Counseling Centre University of Mumbai, Mumbai)

This paper presents the report of an investigation to explore the effect of leisure satisfaction on life satisfaction among 300 professionals in Goa. The study adopted the survey design. Simple regression analysis indicated that there is a predictive positive relationship between leisure satisfaction and life satisfaction among the professionals. Implications of the research findings are also discussed.

Pages: 1512-1516Charlane Pereira e Rebello (Smt. Parvatibai Chowgule College of Arts & Science Margao, Goa)Priscilla…

Pages: 1517-1520
Roghieh Noori Pour and Mina Amini Zadeh (Family Counseling, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran)
Natália Ribeiro, Alexandre Schier, Flávia Paes, (Adriana Cardoso Silva and Antonio Egidio Nardi Panic and Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
Sergio Machado (Panic and Respiration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Brazil)
Joshua J. Matacotta (California School of Professional Psychology California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, USA)

This study investigated relationship between religious orientation, perfectionism and self-efficacy with stress in university students. The study sample included 250 students (117 female and 133 male) in Shahid Beheshti University who were selected by using stratified sampling. To collect data, Religious Orientation Scale (ROS), The Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory (MCPI-E), New General Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (NGSE) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis showed that religious orientation has significant and negative impact on stress, self-efficacy has significant and negative effect on stress and finally, subscales of perfectionism have significant and positive effect on stress. As results showed, among variables of religious orientation, perfectionism and self-efficacy, self-efficacy is the best stress predictor.

Pages: 1517-1520Roghieh Noori Pour and Mina Amini Zadeh (Family Counseling, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran)Natália…

Pages: 01-06
B. Jayabharathi (Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, SRM College of Nursing, SRM University, Chennai)
Jayamohanraj (Department of Community Health Nursing, SRM College of Nursing, SRM University, Chennai)
Menopause is a normal occurrence in the life of every woman. The term is derived from the Greek, which actually means 'cessation of periods'. Menopause occurs due to cessation of ovarian function.The word menopause and climacteric are used interchangeably. It also indicates a 'change of life' from one of reproduction, which is coming to an end. The age of menopause varies from 45 to 50 years .In some woman, the age of menopause may be 51 or 52 years. This community based study tested the effect of yoga on climacteric symptoms of menopausal women. This was a prospective randomized interventional study. The study was conducted in selected villages at Kattankulathur Block, Chennai,Tamilnadu, India. Multistage sampling technique was used for the identification of menopausal women for the study. The total sample size was 260 menopausal women and they were randomly allotted to two groups: 130 of them to yoga group and 130 of them to control group. The yoga group has undergone yoga training programme which consists of Yogasanas, Pranayama (Breathing exercise) and Meditation. The yoga group has practiced yoga for 5 days in a week for 1 hr /day for 12 weeks by trained instructor. The assessments were made by five point Rating scale ( to assess the physical and psychological symptoms ) which is based on Standardized Menopause Rating scale(MRS)andPerceived Stress Scale ( for level of stress of menopausal women). After 12 weeks of yoga practice , the physical symptoms of menopausal women were reduced to greater extent in yoga group than in control group at p< 0.001 level of significance. There was significantly better improvement in the psychological symptoms of menopausal women in yoga group (p<0.001) than in control group. In the yoga group, there was a marked reduction of stress level after 12 weeks of intensive yoga practice (p<0.001) than in control group. The present study concluded that, yoga is an effective intervention in reducing the physical, psychological symptoms and level of stress of menopausal women. Yoga's approach to holistic health is powerful tool for helping the women experience the passage into menopause as a positive event, both physically and spiritually.

Pages: 01-06B. Jayabharathi (Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, SRM College of Nursing, SRM University, Chennai)Jayamohanraj…
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