IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review is an indexed and refereed journal published monthly by the Indian Association of Health, Research, and Welfare (IAHRW). IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review likely aims to promote interdisciplinary research in social sciences by providing a platform for scholars, academicians, and professionals. Its primary objectives include fostering discussions on contemporary social issues, policy-making, and human development while encouraging evidence-based research in sociology, psychology, political science, economics, and cultural studies. The journal focuses on areas such as social behavior, education, governance, gender studies, mental health, and societal well-being. Its goals include publishing high-quality research, supporting academic discourse, and contributing to knowledge that influences social policies and community development. IAHRW IJSSR is a peer-reviewed journal, and the papers are published after a review process by the review panel of the journal. This journal has been published regularly since 2013. For more details write to us at iahrw2019@gmail.com
Editor-in-Chief: Sunil Saini, PhD, President Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
Editorial Office: 1245/4, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Indexing: International Bibliography of Social Sciences (IBSS), DHET (South Africa), EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest Social Sciences Database, I-scholar, Google Scholar and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.42
CHIEF EDITOR
Sunil Saini, PhD
Indian Association of Health Research and Welfare, Hisar, Haryana, India
INTERNATIONAL EDITORIAL BOARD
Rankoana Sejabaledi Agnes, PhD, University of Limpopo, South Africa
Sakhile Manyathi, PhD, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
EDITORS
Dr. Arun Kumar Jaiswal, PhD
Department of Psychology, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4430-6063
Dr. C. R. Darolia, PhD
Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3282-2733
Dr. Damanjit Sandhu, PhD
Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala
ORCID ID: ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8368-0133
Dr. Rekha Sapra, PhD
Department of Human Development and Family Empowerment, University of Delhi
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7610-3549
Dr. Sangeeta Trama, PhD
Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-9257-8722
Dr. Shashi Darolia
Department of Psychology, IIHS, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
ORCID: 0009-0001-7761-3441
Dr. Waheeda Khan, PhD
Former Dean and Head, Department of Clinical Psychology, SGT University, Gurugram
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4384-7047
Dr. Jaspreet Kaur, PhD, Punjabi University Patiala
Dr. Ritesh Kumar Singh, PhD, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi
Dr. Radhy Shyam, PhD, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana
Dr. Sandeep Singh, PhD, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana
Dr. Sunita Malhotra, PhD, Former Dean, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana
Reviewer’s Pannel (2025-2026)
2. Prof. Arun Kumari Jaiswal, Former Prof. Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi
3. Prof. Sangeeta Trama, Punjabi University, Patiala
4. Prof. Annalakshmi Narayanan, Bharhityar University
Editorial Office: 1245/4, Mohalla Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India
Email: iahrw2019@gmail.com, suneil_psy@iahrw.org
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW)
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Indexing: EBSCOhost Connection Two, Academic Search Complete, The Belt and Road Initiative Reference Source, Cogito Indexing Text, Academic Search Ultimate, Academic Search Main Edition, Biomedical Index, Google Scholar Crawl Database, SocINDEX with Full Text, Sociology Source Ultimate, ProQuest, I-scholar, Google Scholar and National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating 4.42Stellenbosch University, South Africa Human Development and Family Empowermen
Author Guidelines
About the Journal
The IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review (IJSSR) is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal published by the Indian Association of Health, Research and Welfare (IAHRW). The journal publishes original research articles, review papers, theoretical papers, case studies, book reviews, and short communications in the fields of social sciences, psychology, sociology, education, economics, political science, social work, management, public policy, behavioural sciences, and related interdisciplinary areas.
Manuscript Submission
Manuscripts submitted to the journal must be original, unpublished, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Submission of a manuscript implies that all authors have approved the manuscript and agree to the journal’s publication policies.
Manuscript Preparation
Title Page
The title page should contain:
- Title of the manuscript
- Full names of all authors
- Institutional affiliations
- ORCID IDs (if available)
- Corresponding author details
- Author contribution statement
Abstract
Provide an abstract of 150–250 words summarizing objectives, methodology, findings, and conclusions.
Keywords
Provide 4–6 keywords suitable for indexing and retrieval.
Main Text
Manuscripts should generally include:
- Introduction
- Literature Review
- Objectives/Hypotheses
- Methodology
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- References
References
All references must follow APA 7th Edition guidelines and include DOI information wherever available.
Tables and Figures
Tables and figures should be numbered consecutively and prepared according to APA guidelines.
Funding Statement
All sources of financial support, grants, sponsorships, equipment, or institutional support must be disclosed.
Conflict of Interest
Authors must declare any financial, professional, institutional, or personal conflicts of interest that may influence the research.
Author Contributions
Authors are encouraged to provide a contribution statement based on the CRediT Taxonomy.
Data Availability Statement
Authors should indicate whether data supporting the findings are publicly available, available upon request, or subject to restrictions.
Use of AI Tools
Authors may use AI tools for language editing and technical assistance. AI systems cannot be listed as authors, and all use of AI must be disclosed.
Copyright and Permissions
Authors are responsible for obtaining permission for copyrighted materials reproduced in their manuscripts.
Ethical Guidelines
Publication Ethics
The IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review adheres to the principles and best practices recommended by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Authors, reviewers, editors, and publishers are expected to uphold the highest standards of integrity, transparency, and ethical conduct.
Originality and Plagiarism
Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts are original. Plagiarism, self-plagiarism, duplicate publication, data fabrication, data falsification, citation manipulation, and image manipulation are strictly prohibited.
Multiple Submission
A manuscript submitted to the journal must not be under consideration by another journal simultaneously.
Authorship
Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial scholarly contributions to the research and manuscript preparation. Guest, gift, and ghost authorship are not acceptable.
Research Involving Human Participants
Research involving human participants must receive approval from an appropriate ethics committee or institutional review board. Informed consent should be obtained where applicable.
Confidentiality and Privacy
Authors must protect the privacy and confidentiality of research participants and avoid publishing identifiable information without explicit consent.
Data Integrity
Authors are expected to present accurate data and findings. Any discovered errors should be promptly reported to the editor.
Research Misconduct
The journal investigates allegations of:
- Plagiarism
- Data fabrication
- Data falsification
- Duplicate publication
- Citation manipulation
- Authorship disputes
- Ethical violations
Appropriate actions may include rejection, correction, retraction, or notification to the relevant institutions.
Corrections and Retractions
The journal follows COPE recommendations regarding corrections, corrigenda, errata, expressions of concern, and retractions.
AI and Generative AI
Authors must disclose any significant use of AI tools in manuscript preparation and remain fully responsible for the content submitted.
Compliance with COPE
All participants in the publication process are expected to comply with internationally recognized publication ethics standards and COPE Core Practices.
AI-Generated Content Policy
The Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing follows ethical publishing standards and may have specific policies regarding the use of AI in research and writing. Authors are expected to disclose the use of AI tools in manuscript preparation, ensuring that AI-generated content does not compromise originality, accuracy, or ethical integrity. For precise guidelines, it is recommended to refer to the journal’s official policy. AI content by Turnitin should be below 15%
Retraction and Correction Policy
Retraction, Correction, and Expression of Concern Policy
The Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing (IJHW) is committed to maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record. The journal follows the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in handling corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.
Corrections (Erratum/Corrigendum)
A correction may be issued when a published article contains significant errors that affect the accuracy, indexing, interpretation, or reputation of the publication but do not invalidate the study’s findings. Corrections may be initiated by authors, editors, or readers.
• An Erratum is issued when the error originates from the journal or publisher.
• A Corrigendum is issued when the error originates from the author(s).
• All corrections will be linked electronically to the original article and clearly identify the changes made.
Expression of Concern
The Editor-in-Chief may publish an Expression of Concern when substantial doubts arise regarding the integrity, reliability, ethical compliance, or authorship of a published article, and an investigation is ongoing. The notice will remain associated with the article until a final decision is reached.
Retraction Policy
Articles may be retracted if:
• There is clear evidence that findings are unreliable due to misconduct or honest error.
• The work constitutes plagiarism, duplicate publication, or redundant publication.
• Data fabrication, falsification, image manipulation, or unethical research practices are identified.
• Serious violations of publication ethics are confirmed.
Retraction Procedure
- Allegations may be submitted by authors, reviewers, readers, institutions, or third parties.
- The editorial office will conduct a preliminary assessment.
- Authors will be contacted and provided an opportunity to respond.
- Where necessary, the journal may seek clarification from the affiliated institution or ethics committee.
- The Editor-in-Chief, in consultation with the Editorial Board, will make the final decision.
- Retracted articles will remain accessible to preserve the scholarly record but will be clearly marked as “Retracted.”
- A retraction notice stating the reason for retraction will be published and linked to the original article.
Appeal
Authors may appeal editorial decisions regarding corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions by submitting a written explanation and supporting documentation to the Editor-in-Chief. Appeals will be reviewed independently, and the final decision of the Editorial Board shall be binding. The journal reserves the right to update published content when necessary to protect the integrity of the scientific record and the interests of readers, researchers, and the public.
Conflict of Interest Policy
Authors are required to disclose on the title page of the initial manuscript any potential, perceived, or real conflict of interest. Authors must describe the direct/indirect financial/personal support (ownership, grants, honorarium, consultancies, etc.) in (1) the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; (2) the writing of the report; and (3) the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Authors should explicitly mention on the cover page that whether potential conflicts do or do not exit. A declaration should be made on the cover page for all types of conflicts that could affect submission to publication of a manuscript. The role of funding agencies should be clearly mentioned.
Editorial Office: 1245/18, Moh. Sainian, Hisar, Haryana, India,
Email: suneil.psy@gmail.com,
Phone: 9255442103
Publisher: IAHRW
ISSN: 2347-3797 (print version)
ISSN: . (electronic version)
Frequency: Monthly
Peer Review
All manuscripts submitted to the IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review (IJSSR) are subject to a rigorous double-blind peer review process to ensure the publication of high-quality and ethically sound research. Upon submission, manuscripts undergo an initial editorial screening to assess their relevance to the journal’s scope, originality, academic significance, methodological quality, ethical compliance, and adherence to submission guidelines. Manuscripts that successfully pass the preliminary evaluation are screened for plagiarism using recognized similarity detection software, and generally a similarity index below 15% (excluding references) is considered acceptable. Eligible manuscripts are then sent to at least two independent expert reviewers in the relevant field. Reviewers evaluate the manuscript’s originality, theoretical and practical contribution, research design, methodological rigor, data analysis, ethical standards, clarity of presentation, and overall suitability for publication. Reviewer comments and recommendations are communicated to the authors for revision where necessary. The original reviewers may re-evaluate revised manuscripts before a final decision is made. Based on the reviewers’ reports and editorial assessment, the Editor may decide to accept the manuscript, accept it with revisions, request major revisions, invite resubmission, or reject the manuscript. The final decision regarding publication rests with the Editor-in-Chief.
Manuscript Evaluation and Peer Review Process
1. Initial Manuscript Evaluation
All submitted manuscripts undergo an initial editorial screening to assess their relevance to the journal’s scope, originality, scientific quality, ethical compliance, adherence to submission guidelines, and overall suitability for peer review.
2. Number of Referees Assigned
Manuscripts that successfully pass the initial evaluation are typically sent to two independent expert reviewers for double-blind peer review. In cases of conflicting recommendations, a third reviewer may be invited.
3. Delivery of Peer Review Feedback
Reviewer comments and recommendations are communicated to the corresponding author through the journal’s editorial system or email. Anonymous reviewer reports are provided along with editorial guidance for revision, where applicable.
4. Typical Length of Peer Review
The peer review process generally takes 4–8 weeks, depending on reviewer availability, the complexity of the manuscript, and the timeliness of responses.
5. Handling of Revise and Resubmit Requests
Authors receiving a revision decision are requested to submit a revised manuscript along with a detailed point-by-point response to reviewers’ comments within the specified timeframe. Revised submissions may be returned to the original reviewers for further evaluation when necessary.
6. Editorial Decisions
Based on reviewers’ recommendations and editorial assessment, one of the following decisions may be communicated to the author:
- Accept without Revision
- Accept with Minor Revisions
- Major Revisions Required
- Revise and Resubmit for Further Review
- Reject
Reviewer Confidentiality
Reviewers must maintain strict confidentiality regarding manuscripts and associated materials.
Conflict of Interest
Reviewers and editors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest and recuse themselves when appropriate.
Appeals and Complaints
Authors may appeal editorial decisions by submitting a written justification to the Editor-in-Chief. Complaints regarding editorial procedures, peer review, or publication ethics may be submitted to the editorial office and will be handled confidentially and fairly.
Editorial Independence
Editorial decisions are based solely on scholarly merit and are free from commercial, institutional, political, or personal influence.
Commitment to Ethical Publishing
The journal is committed to maintaining transparency, fairness, integrity, and accountability throughout the peer review and publication process in accordance with COPE principles and international best practices.
The final decision is made by the Editor-in-Chief or the Editorial Board and is communicated to the corresponding author through email along with the relevant comments and recommendations.
Page: 200-203 Lakshmi Pandey (Department of Psychology, T.M. Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, Bihar) |
Page: 204-207 Preeti Rani and Jatesh Kathpalia (Department of Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana) |
Page: 208-212 P. Sherin and K. V. Krishna (Department of Psychology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) |
Page: 213-217 Tarini Pathak and Garima Joshi (Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida) |
Page: 218-222 Rubini T. R. and Shilpa Siby (Department of Psychology, Stella Maris College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu) |
Page: 223-230 Arpana Beniwal, Vanita Sondhi, and Noyonika Datta Banik (Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi) |
Page: 231-238 Yogesh Kumar (Ex-PG Student, S.S. Jain Subhodh P.G. (Autonomous) College, Jaipur, Rajasthan) |
Page: 239-244 Harbans Lal Kaila (SNDT Women's University, Director - Forum of Behavioural Safety, Mumbai, Maharashtra) |
Page: 245-251 D.K. Janghel1, Kartik Kumar2, Harsh Raghav3, Hricha Sharma4, Riya5, Dhruv Kumar6, and Rajat7 (School of Agricultural Science (SOAS), GD Goenka University, Gurgram, Haryana1, School of Engineering & Sciences (SOES), GD Goenka University, Gurgram, Haryana2,3,6,7, and School of Medical and Allied Sciences (SOMAS), GD Goenka University, Gurgram, Haryana4,5) |
Page: 252-256 Rashmi Kumari (Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, V.M. Patel College of Management Studies, Ganpat University, Ganpat Vidyanagar, Mehsana, Gujarat) |
Page: 257-259 Gagandeep Kaur and Sukhmani (School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab) |
Page: 260-264 Arpana Beniwal (Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekananda College, University of Delhi, Delhi) |
Page: 265-267 Abhijeet Singh1 and Kriti Kanwar2 (Drug Treatment Centre (DTC) Coordinator, Drug De-addiction Programme (DDAP), Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand1 and Department of Clinical Psychology, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand2) |
Page: 268-270 Abhishek Tiwari (Seventh Day Adventist Arts & Science College, GIDC Apparel Park, Khokhra, Ahmedabad Gujarat) |
Page: 271-278 Bhavya Nanda and Sneha Narayan (Department of Psychology, Lingaya's Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, Haryana) |
Page: 279-284 Deshna Chatterjee (Department of Psychology, Asutosh College, University of Calcutta, West Bengal) |
Page: 285-287 Dushyant Verma (College of Agriculture, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Kumher, Bharatpur (Rajasthan)) |
Page: 288-291 Komal and Kavita Dua (Department of Resource Management and Consumer Science, IC College of Community Science, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana) |
Page: 292-295 Nupur Chauhan and Madhu Jain (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan) |
Page: 296-297 Marie Kalita (Department of English, Paschim Guwahati Mahavidyalaya, Dharapur Chariali, Guwahati, Assam) |
A Study on Socio-economic Background Characteristics of Okra Growers in Western Uttar Pradesh, India Page: 01-06 Roop Kumar1 and R.N. Yadav2 (School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab1 and College of Agriculture, SVPUA & T, Modipuram Meerut, Uttar Pradesh2) The present study was conducted in the two district of Western Uttar Pradesh. The total sample size was of 160 farmers and ex-post-facto research design was used for this study. The data was collected with the help of pre-tested interview schedule. The results of this study revealed that most of the okra growers belonged to the lower middle age group, other backward classes, high school education, medium family size, null or less social participation, small dairy, small size of land holding. However, maximum farmers receive information from input dealers and their main occupation agriculture. While vegetable growers income is not so good or bad, their income more than 2 lakh rupees per year. Maximum farmer economic status is medium followed by high. Economic motivation was attempted this work, majority of the respondents (63.13%) were medium level of economic motivation, scientific orientation of the respondents (63.75%) were medium level of okra cultivation practices. |
Page: 07-11 Manisha1, Baskaur2, and Shikha Bhukal3 (Department of Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana1, Department of Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana2,, and and Department of Extension Education and Management, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana3) Organic farming is more than just avoiding the use of agrochemicals in agriculture; it is a technique for establishing a healthy agro-ecosystem on a farm. Organic agriculture arose from the purposeful efforts of inspired people, who wanted to build the finest possible relationship between man and the land. The present study was conducted in Sirsa and Karnal districts of Haryana, with an objective to analyze the socio-economic profile of farmers and their adoption towards organic farming. The sample of 120 respondents was selected from a cluster of villages from two districts through systemic random sampling techniques. Analysis revealed that majority of respondents (53.20%) had organic land up to one hectare, 39.20 per cent had one two hectares of organic land and 7.50 per cent had two -four hectares of organic land. Majority of the respondents (70.80%) had annual income up to Rs.1.5 lakh. Rest 25 per cent and 4.20 per cent had annual income between Rs. 1.5-3 lakhs and above 3 lakhs from organic farming, respectively. 45 per cent of the organic farmers had medium level of adoption followed by low (40.80%) and high (14.20%) level of adoption of organic farming. |
Page: 12-17 P. Godara, A. Kawatra, V. Sangwan, and Seema (Department of Foods and Nutrition, I.C College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) Biofortified pearl millet (BPM) varieties are a sustainable source of iron and zinc. The nutritional quality and household utilization of BPM can be further improved in combination with Amaranth Leaf Powder (ALP) which is asuperfood. The present study assessed the impact of addition of 5, 10, 15 and 20% of ALP on sensory, nutritional and storage quality of cake and biscuits of 4 types based on biofortified pearl millet (HHB-311). 100 per cent BPM products were kept as control. Protein, fat and fiber content of BPM flour samples were 12.05, 6.64 and 2.21 g 100g-1, respectively and that for ALP were 24.27, 4.79, 9.87 g 100g-1, respectively. Iron, zinc and calcium content of BPM flour was determined by AAS and values were 8.00, 4.29 and 53.28 and that of ALP were 12.40, 3.73 and 2689.78 mg 100g-1, respectively. The organoleptic acceptability scores for color, appearance, aroma, texture and taste of ALP incorporated (5, 10, 15, & 20 %) biscuits ranged from 7.31 to 8.17 (liked moderately) and that of cake was 7.31 to 7.65 (liked moderately to liked very much). Among all types of cake and biscuits, maximum overall acceptability scores were exhibited by products which contained 20% of ALP (Type IV). Nutritional analysis of value added biscuits and cake exhibited that they contained significantly higher amount of crude protein, crude fiber, iron, zinc and calcium than that of control. Biscuits (20% ALP) were stored in airtight plastic container at room temperature and they were organoleptically acceptable upt o 90 days of storage. The study opens up a new avenue for the utilization of amaranth leaf powder (up to 20 % level of substitution) along with BPM for development of value added baked products. |
Page: 18-27 Nagendra Kumar Kalaparthi1, Hemanth Kumar Molapata2, and Kamala Varudu3 (Department of Statistics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh1, Department of Statistics, Hindu College, University of Delhi2, and Department of Social Work, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh3) Anemia persists as a public health problem affecting 1.62 billion world's population. Prevalence of anemia among children is a serious concern in India and increases the morbidity from infectious disease. One of the most vulnerable groups is children aged 6-59 months. The wellbeing of children not only depends on the health but also on the social, economic and development of any nation. The main cause of anemia can be attributed to iron but a number of other factors also affect the hemoglobin level in the body. A number of studies had focused on the prevalence and determinants of anemia among children in the age group 6-59 in south India. The northern part of south India has a very high prevalence of anemia among children. The purpose of the study is to see how the prevalence of anemia among children is distributed across social groups in all districts (developed & underdeveloped) of south India. There are 23 districts in South India comprising of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, and Telangana. Though, the states are considered to be developed many of the districts are not uniformly developed. The study focuses on the prevalence of anemia in the districts of South India. |
Page: 28-33 Sanyogita Dhanwal1, Santosh Kumari2, Dangi Pooja Arun3, and Poonam Kundu4 (Department of Extension Education and Communication Management, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana1,4, Department of Family Resources Management, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana2, and Department of Extension Education, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana3) Social media is a computer-based technology that facilitates the sharing of ideas, thoughts, documents, pictures, videos and information through the building of virtual networks and communities. In literature found that, most of school students were using the different social media but they don't have enough knowledge about it. The comparative study was conducted between four rural v/s urban schools of Hisar district of Haryana. From the selected schools 11th and 12th standard 40 students were selected randomly from each school. Thus total sample comprised of 160 respondents and the data collected by the simple random method. The findings highlighted the facts that majority of the students were fall under second ordinal position. The students keep themselves updates with latest know and how through newspaper, television, mobile phones, and mobile with internet connections. Majority of the students were aware and utilizing social media such as Facebook, WhatsApp, YouTube, Messenger and Wikipedia and generally spent more than two hours on social media irrespective of their locale. Thus, the present paper gives a critical view of the social media preferences of rural and urban students in Haryana. |
