Psychological Underpinnings of Political Orientation: Roles of Cognitive Reflection and Psychological Flexibility

Description

Page: 639-649

Anjan Mukherjee¹ and Shuvabrata Poddar² (Trainee at Rajabazar Science College, University College of Science
Technology & Agriculture, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal¹ and Department of Applied Psychology, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal²)

Political orientation plays a crucial role in shaping beliefs, values, and political engagement. While previous research has provided valuable insights into the psychological dimensions of political orientation, further investigation is needed to comprehensively examine the specific determinants associated with left- left-right-leaning orientations. The present study focuses on psychological flexibility and cognitive reflection. The study aims to deepen our understanding of the psychosocial factors that influence political beliefs and behaviors by investigating these factors. 80 participants (affiliated to left or right-leaning political parties, 40 in each group) were selected through purposive sampling. Participants were assessed using Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (developed by Hayes, Strosahl, & Wilson, 2004) and Cognitive Reflection Test (developed by Shane Frederick in 2005). Statistical analyses were done using Chi- square test, t-test, and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation. Study findings indicated that the individuals of left-leaning political orientation had a higher prevalence of family history of psychiatric illness, a higher prevalence of past history of psychiatric illness, more years of education, higher psychological flexibility and higher cognitive reflection than individuals with right-leaning political orientation. The present study can make significant contributions to both academic research and practical applications. The findings highlight the factors that shape political preferences. This can further be used to develop effective interventions to mitigate the factors contributing to social divisions and violence. The findings may have implications for fostering political dialogue, promoting well-being, and bridging political divides.