Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 01-06 Diljot Soin and Sudha Banth (Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

The present research examined the personality types of the male managers from different departments of the private Insurance Companies, viz., sales, operations, human resource. This paper makes contribution by probing the dominant and auxiliary functions of the personality types that makes the managers function effectively in the above said departments. For this purpose, MBTI test by Myers and McCauley (1985) was conducted on the sample of 150 male middle-line managers (50 from sales, 50 from operations, 50 from human resource, i.e., HR department) within the age group of 35-45 years, selected randomly from the Private Insurance Companies of the tri-city of Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali. The results indicated that “ESTJ” was the most common occurring personality type among managers of Insurance Sector irrespective of their departments. Thinking and sensing emerged as the most common dominant and auxiliary functions respectively among them. The results further revealed that preference for the dominant function, i.e., extraverted thinking was greatest among the managers from sales and operations department whereas among the managers from human resource department preference for the auxiliary function, i.e., introverted sensing was greater than the managers from sales and operations departments. Post-hoc comparisons showed that managers from sales were found to be significantly higher than managers from operations and human resource (p < 0.005), and managers from operations were found to be significantly higher (p < 0.005) than managers from human resource on the dominant function of extraverted thinking. Whereas mangers from human resource and operations were found to be significantly higher (p < 0.005) than the managers from sales, and managers from human resource were found to be significantly higher (p<0.005) than managers from operations on the auxiliary function of introverted sensing.

Pages: 11-16
Sabiha Baby, Mohammad Akram and M. Ilyas Khan (Departments of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh)

Cardiovascular diseases caused 2.3 million deaths in 1990; this is projected to double by the year of 2020. The present attempt is a comparative study of hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients on stress-related symptoms. Data consisted of 200 patients, of these there were 100 hypertensive and 100 CAD patients. Patients were drawn from OPD of the Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital (JNMCH), AMU, Aligarh. Stress symptoms checklist was used to measure different types of stress namely, mental physical, emotional and social. Independent t-test was used to examine the differences between hypertensive and CAD patients on stress-related symptoms. Result indicates that, there were no significant differences between the mean scores of hypertensive and CAD disease patients on mental, physical and emotional symptoms of stress whereas significant difference was found between comparative groups on social symptoms of stress. Both the groups of patients were not differing significantly on overall stress symptoms. It was concluded that stress plays a significant role in susceptibility, progress and outcomes of cardiovascular diseases (i.e., hypertension and CAD).

Pages: 24-26
Ruby Charak and Afsana Bhat (Department of Psychology, University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir)

The present study aims to compare the trauma symptoms, perceived stress and coping strategies among female and male Kashmiri Hindu migrants in the age range of 30-45 years currently residing in a migrant camp in Jammu. A sample of 30 females and 30 males were collected through purposive sampling. Results indicate that there is a significant difference in trauma symptoms namely anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance and sexual abuse trauma, and also significant differences were found on the dimensions of approach and avoidance coping strategies. No significant difference was found on the dimension of perceived stress among females and males Kashmiri Hindu migrants. The mean scores indicated that anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, sexual abuse trauma, approach and avoidance coping strategies were higher in females.

Pages: 31-37
Shakuntala Manay and Sreelakshmi R. (Department of Food and Nutrition, Smt. V.H.D. Central Institute of Home Science, Bangalore)

The paradigm of health needs to be understood with “care”. Growing teleotically in body mind and life is to give its inherent wholesome spiritual dimension. An intervention programme to build theoretical concept of Swasthya/Wellbeing from Gunas of food, Atman, Chakras, types of bodies, Pranas and Aura was constructed. These were introduced as talks to subjects. The subjects were expected to enter into Intraconscient of their inner dimensions and observe their inner and outer growth. In the growth of their inner psycho-physical leading to psycho-spiritual data was obtained. This was compared with Control Group which was not exposed to the special treatment. The complex qualitative growth from inner conscious striving to outer qualitative perfection, their inner experiences were recorded in their diary as case histories. This was also captured in gas discharge visualisation camera as Aura. The Swasthya/Wellbeing was reflected in the well defined spectrum of Aura. Health is not mere Arogya or absence of disease in the physical, but it is Multi-dimensional state, which radiates from the core of one's own being and spreads as quality living seen as Aura. Being and caring to radiate this is quality health is Swasthya. The concept of Swasthya or wellbeing of the experimental group case study also confirmed that this is practically a fully living state with ease.

Pages: 42-46
Iram Feroz and Asma Parveen (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh)

The main purpose of this research was to determine the home environment as a function of self concept among children of working and non working women. The sample was comprised of 200 children with age range from 13 to 18 years. Out of 200 samples, 100 children were of working and 100 were of non working mothers. Home environment scale developed by Jawa and child self-concept scale developed by Ahluwalia was used to collected the data. The obtained data were statistically analyzed by regression analysis. Results of the present study revealed that there were significant differences among children of working women and non working women. It means those children who have good home environment also have favorable self concept and those children who have a bad home environment they have unfavorable self concept. When both the groups of children were compared on over all home environments it was found that non working women's children have good home environment and favorable self concept as compared to working women's children.

Pages: 49-52
Anita Manglani (Central Public Sr. Sec. School, Udaipur, Rajasthan)

Underlying the beliefs of many cultures is an assumption that, beyond biology, women and men possess essentially different capacities, functions and behaviour. Understanding this assumption helps make sense of the perpetuation and even institutionalization of male/female difference with regard to behavior expectations, position within the family, legal rights, public status, education, and types of work. In this regard the present research was to investigate the effect of Gender on Personality Profile of adolescents. The initial sample comprised 60 adolescents from class XIth & XIIth, then whole sample was equally divided into two groups i.e.30 male and 30 female. The data were collected on Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI). Two group rendomized design was used to precede the investigation. To analyze the data the present investigation deals with t test. On the basis of analysis following conclusion were made. Result revealed that female possess more introvert and neurotism criteria in their personality whereas Male having more extrovert and stability criteria in their personality.

Pages: 56-60
Shahin Zehra, Sadaf Hameed and Ashfia Nishat (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh)

It is important to bear in mind that several factors contribute to an adolescent development. The interaction between the environmental factors and the personal factors help the adolescent to develop certain perceptions about his own self and his environment that in turn affects his social development. The present study examined the influence of gender and vocational stream on self-efficacy, family environment and depression among adolescents. Personal self-efficacy scale, family environment scale and depression inventory were administered to 100 students (50 males and 50 females) from Aligarh Muslim University. Results based on ANOVA revealed that the main effect of gender was found statistically significant on depression. Significant main effect of vocational stream was found on cohesion and organization dimensions of family environment scale.

Pages: 65-68
Mandeep Sharma, Kaveri, Nov Rattan Sharma and Amrita Yadav (Department of Psychology, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana)

In the transition period of adolescence, parenting styles (Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive and Neglectful) have an effect on behavioral and mental health problems (i.e., adjustment problems, antisocial behavior, depression, psychological distress, etc.) among adolescents. Parenting is a complex activity that includes specific behaviors which work individually as well as in clusters to influence child outcomes. In adolescent's parental involvement, encouragement of psychological autonomy and demand for age appropriate behavior combined with limit setting and monitoring (i.e., Authoritative parenting) contribute to good psychosocial and behavioral adjustment among adolescents. Parenting style has been found to predict the child's well being in various domains such as social competence, academic performance, psychological development, adjustment and problem behavior. Parenting style provide a robust indicator of parenting functioning that predict child welfare being across a wide spectrum of environments and across diverse communities of children. The present paper reviews the impact of parenting style on behavioral problems among adolescents.

Pages: 74-77
Mohammad Akram, Sabiha Baby and M Ilyas Khan (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh)

The present research paper was undertaken to examine the level of academic stress and overall achievement motivation among science and social science adolescents and their interrelationship. For that purpose, 100 adolescents of class XII were selected randomly from Senior Secondary School (boys) Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. Among them 50 adolescents were from science stream and 50 were from social science stream. Student Stress Scale and Achievement Motivation Scale were used for measuring academic stress and achievement motivation of adolescents respectively. Results indicated that stressful worries and overall academic stress were significantly higher among science adolescents than in social science adolescents. Stressful worries were the significant predictors of achievement motivation among science adolescents whereas poor administration and inadequate academic environment in college were significant predictor of achievement motivation among social science adolescents.

Pages: 85-93
Shimelis Dejene Yeglefu and M.V.R. Raju (Department of Psychology, Andhra University, Vishakhapatnam)

Every time, human beings are preoccupied to realize their potentialities to the maximum, to have good interpersonal relationships, and make the right decision at the right place and time. However, being healthy is a sine qua non for every person who is living under the sun. To develop well thought prevention, intervention, and rehabilitation schemes, it is mandatory to undertake scientific investigation and come up with empirical findings on which such program would be based. A descriptive study was conducted among purposively selected counselors (100%) using participant-observation, FGD, document analysis, and interview. The study acknowledged past major achievements, failures while citing future potentialities and limiting factors in terms of gaps in knowledge; infrastructure and facility and management. Treatment without encompassing counseling can be better termed as placebo-treatment. It is without substance and is devoid of healing power. Hence, the current practice of counseling must be revisited.

Pages: 98-100
Preeti Saini (CMR IMS, Bangalore University, Bangalore)

The purpose of this study is to study the difference in decision making quality of young adults who involve themselves in substance use risk behaviour (drinking & smoking) with young adults who don't involve themselves in substance use risk behavior. In this study 130 students (ages 18 to 25 yrs.) were administered Decision Making Quality Scale (DMQS) and demographic sheet. They were divided into 2 groups of 65 students each, one group consisting of smokers and drinkers and the other of non-smokers and non-drinkers. Their decision making quality was found out and compared. A t-test was computed for decision making quality between the two groups. The difference was found to be insignificant which shows that the participants' decision making quality did not affect their substance use risk behavior. It is suggested that in future more hard-core substance use risk behaviors be studied. Another interesting finding of this research was that there seems to be different factors related with risk behaviors in normal population when compared with chronic patients.