Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 538-539
Ruchi Dabas (Department of Ophthalmology, PGIMS, Rohtak)
Mahesh Kumar (Medical Officer, HCMS)
Sat Pal (Department of Physiology, PGIMS, Rohtak)
Virender Verma (Department of Pediatrics, PGIMS, Rohtak)
Suman Sharma (Department Medicine, PGIMER, Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi)
Praveen Prashant (Department of Physiology, PGIMS, Rohtak)

Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignancy in children with a reported incidence averaging about 1 in 15000 to 1 in 18000 livebirths . Like other solid tumors of childhood ,this tumor also results from a genetic disturbance .Early diagnosis and awareness about this tumor is important for saving the eye and life of the affected child. Pediatrician may be the first contact of the parents of these children. Awareness among pediatricians is a must for avoiding delay in referral to ocular oncologists.

Pages: 543-545
Vidhya Ravindranadan (Department of Psychology, Union Christian College, Aluva, Kerala)

Human life is a unique adventure. Every child brings into the world a pattern on its fingertips never seen before. Any physical, mental, or emotional problem, which interferes with the normal growth and development of a child is a special needs condition. Understanding the mental health of parents as well as family members of disabled children are of great importance. The present research has focused on parental mental health in relation to the presence of a child with special needs. The sample consisted of 200 parents, of which 100 were parents of children with special needs (study group) and 100 parents of normal children (control group). The tools used were Mental Health Status Scale and personal data sheet. Difference between the control group and the study group has been analyzed using t-test. T-test has also been used to verify the influence of parental education, category of the child and gender (parental) on their mental health status. It was found that there exist significant difference between the parents of children with special needs and parents of normals on Mental Health Status. Variables like Education, Income, Gender, Category of the child and Religion do not have any influence on Mental Health.

Pages: 549-551
Mohsin Uddin (Training Manager, Distance Education Cell, National Institute of Rural (Hydrabad)

The present study was conducted in Sagar division of Madhya Pradesh with the objective to study the leadership style and decision making process among the women as SHG ( Self Help Group) members. The paper reveals that members of the SHGs in the sub-urban sample were more democratic in comparison to rural sample. There was significant difference between those belonging to OBC (Other Backward Class) and SC (Scheduled Caste) on Leadership Styles while there was very little difference between SC and ST (Scheduled Tribes). It was also found that Members of SHGs belonged to sub-urban sample were more democratic in comparison to rural sample. There was significant difference between OBC and ST sample on Decision Making.

Pages: 557-561
Arockia Maraichelvi and Jayapoorani N. (Department of Human Development, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu)

Children in general are regarded as being in need of protection from abuse, but the nature of the lives of street children exposes them to an almost unimaginable potential for exploitation. They are vulnerable to substance use that in turn threatens their physical, social, spiritual and mental well being. A survey has found that young homeless people are four to five times more likely to get addicted to substances than those in the general population. Against this backdrop, the investigator reached the fact that the endurance of these children though depends upon various factors, out of which the most important one is developing skills to abstain themselves from using psycho-active substances. The objective of the study was to enhance the selected street boy's resilient factors and developing skills to abstain themselves from substances through Life Enrichment Education. All the 66 boys within the age frontier of 13-17 years residing in the selected rehabilitation home was chosen for the study. A self structured questionnaire was framed to acquire the desired data on understanding why, how and where of substance use and on assessing their views on using the same. The second part of the schedule is readministered to the beneficiaries to evaluate the efficacy of LEE. The method of behaviour acquisition through LEE, followed in this research, include both participatory and non-participatory approaches such as role play, situation analysis, small group tasks, debates, content analysis, brainstorming, relaxation and trust building exercises and games. To conclude, uut of 58 street boys with one or more habits, there was a significant upheaval in the number of street children (50) after LEE, which made up their mind to refrain from the habits to which they were addicted as against boys' prior education. Hence more strengthened programme on LEE with special reference to abstaining from substance use had to be carried out for these children.

Pages: 565-567
Bachute Milind Bhagwanrao (R. C. Patel Arts, Commerce & Science College, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharastara)

Cigarette use is the world leading causes of death which consists of 4000 chemicals. Cigarette is addictive and it increases the risk of lung cancer, Heart attack, Tuberculosis, Bronchitis, Asthma and pneumonia. A study was undertaken to evaluate the “Personality characteristics of cigarette smoking among college student”. At selected colleges in shirpur city. this study examines personality characteristics, utilizing the widely accepted Big Five Personality dimension at indicators, Big Five Dimension include: Extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness Neuroticism. The main objects are to associate the personality characteristics of smokers and non-smokers.Subjects in this study consisted of 30 smokers and 30 Non-smokers college students in shirpur city. The following criteria was adopted- The age group of 17 to 25 years and only male student selected. All participants were administered the NEO Five Factor Inventory, Personality Scale. It was hypothesized that 1) Extraversion, Agreeableness, Openness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism of smoker will differ from non-smokers. Difference of smokers and Non-smokers personality characteristics Extraversion, conscientiousness. But Neuroticism, Openness, Agreeableness are same.

Pages: 571-574
Mudassir Hassan and Mohd Altaf Paul (Clinical Psychologist, Jamia Millia Islamia, University, New Delhi)
Deapti Mishra (Department of Clinical Psychology, Post Graduate Institute of Behaviour and Medical Science, Raipur, Chhattisgarh)
Firdous Var (Clinical Psychologist, NIMHANS, Bangalore)
Pardeep Kumar (Psychiatric Social Worker, State Institute of Mental Health, PGI-MS, Rohtak, Haryana)
Dharmender Kumar (Nehra Clinical Psychologist, State Institute of Mental Health, PGI-MS, Rohtak, Haryana)
Ajaz Khan (Department of Clinical Psychology, Government Medical Collage, Srinagar, Kashmir)

Patients with schizophrenia have pronounced deficits in memory which can vary along the course of disease. A sample of 40 patients [20 first episodes schizophrenia and 20 chronic schizophrenia] was selected from the out-patient department of “Post Graduate Institute of Behavioral And Medical Sciences”, Raipur (C.G) using purposive sampling method. Benton Visual Retention test, PGI Memory scale and General Health Questionnaire were used to collect the data. Significant difference was seen regarding memory impairment between patient group and non-patient group on Benton Visual Retention Test. Memory Impairment in chronic schizophrenia patients is greater than first episode schizophrenia.

Pages: 580-584
W. Soniya Devi (Department of Social Work, Punjabi University, Patiala)

Health is matters of great social as well as personal concern. Health and illness affect an individual's performance of basic personal tasks of daily living and of expected social life. Illness and disability increase the failure in carrying out personal and social roles, and such failures in turn increase dependence on family. Moreover, loss of independence tends to have a negative effect on self and life satisfaction. Health is a key personal resource for any individual and of social concern because performance of social roles in economic kinship and community requires required individuals who can function efficiently.

Pages: 589-590
O. P. Sharma, Mangi Lal, Himalaya Tiwari and V. K. Kalwania (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

This objective of this research was to study the effect of HIV infection and gender on death anxiety the sample consisted of 100 subjects in which 50 were HIV infected (25 males & 25 Females) and 50 were non-infected (25 male and 25 female) from Jaipur division 2x2 factorial design was used. Analyzed by using analysis of Variance. Results showed that death anxiety level of HIV infected respondents was higher than non-infected individuals. Females were found to have significantly higher death anxiety than males. The interaction effect of HIV infection and gender on death anxiety was not significant

Pages: 593-595
K. C. Patel (Arts and Commerce College Idar, Idar, Sabarkantha, Gujrat )

The relationship of mental health in employee and un-employee has been one of the most important research area in social sciences. In present investigation, as such has focus on critical issues of mental health and depression among highly educated employee and un-employee in context of sex, habitat and marital status. In present research study and compare various component of mental health like Positive Self-evaluation, Perception of Reality, Integration of Personality, Autonomy, Group Oriented Attitude, Environmental Mastery of highly educated employee and un-employee in relation to employment of subjects. For the present research work random sampling technique was used for the selection of the subjects. The sample was consisted of 150. The age range from 25 to 45 years. And Mental health Inventory and depression scale was administered in an individual setting after giving adequate instructions and establishing report in this research. After result analysis of this research data says that Employed subjects have shown good mental health by getting mental health component, i.e., positive self-evaluation, perception of reality, integration of personality, autonomy, group oriented attitude and environmental mastery.

Pages: 599-600
L. N. Bunker and Subhash Meena (Department of Psychology, J. N. V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan)

The presents study was conducted to assess the level of neurosis in normal individuals versus Tuberculosis (TB) patients and effect of gender on it. For this purpose an incidental sample of 80 subjects, 25 to 60 years of age: 20 normal males; 20 normal females; 20 Tuberculosis male patients and 20 tuberculosis female patients was taken and the Medico-Psychological Questionnaire (MPQ) by Bharath Raj was administered. The data have been analyzed by applying the student't' test to determine the significance of mean difference between groups of normal individuals and T.B. patients. On the basis of the finding of this study it may be concluded that on the whole of general neuroticism there is no large differences in normal and T.B. individuals but on some specific factors of neurosis there were significant difference was found.

Pages: 613-616
Parinka and Umed Singh (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra)

Epilepsy is a condition frequently accompanied by psychiatric and psychosocial problems and a reduced quality of life. The present study was mainly aimed at understanding the comorbid psychiatric and psychosocial problems that significantly influence the daily life of persons with epilepsy. For this, 100 patients of epilepsy aged 18 to 40 years were selected from hospitals and clinics of neurologist/psychiatrists to participate in the study along with 100 normal controls. Data were collected by administering Personality Assessment Inventory by Morey, 1999. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (Mean, SD, SK, and KU) to ascertain the normalcy of data, t-ratios to compare the two groups in terms of their mean scores of ten clinical scales and two interpersonal scales; and Discriminant Function Analysis to examine the joint contribution of all the twelve variables in differentiation of two groups. Results revealed that patients with epilepsy scored significantly high on ten clinical scales i.e Somatic Complains, Anxiety, Anxiety-Related Disorders, Depression, Mania, Paranoia, Schizophrenia, Borderline Features, Anti social Features, and Drug problem and two interpersonal scales i.e Dominance and warmth. In Discriminant Analysis, Depression, Anxiety-related Disorders, Borderline Features, Warmth, Somatic Complaint, Anxiety and Dominance emerged most potent discriminators classifying the two groups correctly by 100%. Overall findings revealed the patients with epilepsy tend to develop the neurotic and psychotic spectrum disorders along with the interpersonal behavioural problems and these psychopathological and social variables should be taken into account in diagnosis and treatment strategy for epilepsy.