Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 551-557
Ritu (Research Scholar, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)
Umeed Singh (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana)
Madhu Anand (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)

Organizational burnout and organization commitment are the two major elements to determine organizational behavior and employees’ attitude to work. The purpose of this research was to study comparatively the Burnout and organizational commitment among police personnel of different hierarchies of Haryana police. The participants were 377 police personnel who included 90 Constables and 85 Head Constables and 202 Non Gazette Officers (NGOs) (which include ASI and SI). The participants were administered Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) after proper rapport. Results showed that Police Constables have scored significantly low on all the three dimensions of burnout and on affective commitment and normative commitment than Head Constables. Constables also have scored significantly low on two dimensions of burnout

Pages: 565-569
Manoj Kumar Tiwari (Department of Medicine, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, U.P.)
Sandhya Ojha (AKAPG, College, Paramanandpur, Varanasi, U.P.)

The 21st century is an era of technological revolution. Due to the technology, the environment of today is changing as never before. Adolescents of today are well and easily exposed to vast, unlimited and most importantly censored information and are subject to high pressure because of ever increasing competition and expectations from their family and peers. The aim of present study is to examine and compare various dimensions of general well-being and emotional maturity among adolescents. The present study carried out one hundred adolescents (50 boys and 50 girls) with age range of 15-19 years. For purpose of data collection general well-being scale (Kalia & Deswal, 2011) and emotional maturity scale (Pal, 1986) was used. There are significant difference on PWB and EWB dimension of GWB between boys and girls. Findings also highlights that girls are more emotionally unstable as compare to boys. The gender difference can be attributed to the variations in socialization process of both genders than to the inherent genetic character. All people are equal, but not the same. Study recommended that parents, teachers and other responsible society members should ensure that gender bias does not exist in home, school and society. School management should organize personality development programs from time to time that help adolescents emotionally mature.

Pages: 574-578
Punam Bansal (Govt. College of Education, Chandigarh, Punjab)

The present study examined the effectiveness of Experiential Learning Strategies on Problem Solving Ability from Psychological Hardiness perspective. The sample comprised of 260 (132 males and 128 females) adoles- cents studying in four Government Model Senior Secondary Schools of Chandigarh. Psychological Hardiness Scale by Nowack (1990) was administered and students were categorized in High psychological hardiness group and Low psychological hardiness group by using Kelley’s Method. The Problem Solving Inventory (PSI) by Heppner (1988) was administered twice as pre-test and post-test measurement instrument to assess perceptions of problem solving ability of adolescents. Experimental group (N=130) was taught by adopting Experiential Learning Strategies and control group (N=130) was taught by Traditional Teaching Strategies. A 2 × 2 facto- rial design was used to study the main effects and interaction effects of the independent variables of Teaching strategies and Psychological Hardiness on the dependent variable of Problem Solving Ability. Significant main effects of Experiential Learning Strategies and High Psychological Hardiness were revealed on the appraisal of Problem solving ability of adolescents . Results also indicated statistically significant interaction between teaching strategies and psychological hardiness on Problem solving ability. High Hardy group taught through Experiential Learning Strategies developed significantly higher Problem Solving Ability than that of Low Hardy group taught through Traditional Teaching Strategies. The result of present study that High Hardy group (HH) performed significantly better on the variable of Problem Solving Ability than Low Hardy group (LH) group, has significance for both educators and school counsellors. Overall, these findings prove new insights about how Experiential Learning Strategies may contribute to the relationship between psychological hardiness and problem solving as an important coping skill for adolescents.

Pages: 583-586
Sonia Pereira Deuri, Arif Ali, and Sobhana H. (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam)

Psychiatric rehabilitation programs have sought to develop strategies to enhance and support the community integration of people with psychiatric disabilities. Assessment of psychosocial determinants and need prioritisa- tion is necessary for planning any effective rehabilitation programme. This could enable integration of persons with psychiatric disabilities to be individualized and meaningful. This community based study conducted in the North-East Region of India, at LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam attempted to assess psycho social determinants and the subjective rehabilitation needs of persons with major psychiatric disorders (Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective Disorders). Fifty home visits were made in municipality areas of Tezpur. Respondents were interviewed using a semi structured interview schedule to assess the socio demographic profile and psychosocial problems. Rehabilitation Needs Assessment Schedule (Nagaswami et al., 1985) was administered to assess respondents’ needs regarding rehabilitation. Results indicate that majority of the patients had “inadequate finances, insufficient welfare support, minimal social support and family care burden”. Persons with psychiatric disorders and caregivers expressed multiple needs; thereby emphasizing that psycho social problem impacted the rehabilitation needs. Psychiatric patients need comprehensive after-care packages and support is required for both persons with major psychiatric disorders and their caregivers.

Pages: 591-595
Rupinder Kaur Grewal, Deepika Vig and Sarita Saini (Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

Visual perceptual skills play an important role in learning how to form letters. These skills are also important for copying, sizing, spacing and orienting letters and words correctly. The present study aimed to ascertain the contri- bution of visual perception in determining the quality of handwriting. The total sample for the study comprised of 160 public school children studying in grade 3 and 4. Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices was administered to ascertain intellectual abilities of the children. They were further evenly distributed across the categories of good and poor writers (English language) viz. children with good handwriting (n=80) and poor handwriting (n=80) by administering handwriting test by Lilley (2006). The visual perception test was also administered on the same sample. The results revealed that sub – skills of visual perception were found significantly higher among students with good handwriting. It signifies that children with good handwriting had better visual perceptual skills in contrast to children with poor handwriting.

Pages: 601-605
Vijay Viegas and Shanmukh V. Kamble (Department of P.G, Karnatak University, Dharwad)

The present study titled, ‘An Assessment of Emotional Intelligence and Psychological skill usage among Professional Sports Players’, was intended to explore the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Psychological skill usage among Professional Sports Players and understand whether age, weekly hours of practice and number of years played influence these variables. The objectives of the study were; to investigate whether there exists a correlation between Emotional Intelligence and Psychological skill usage, to investigate whether there exits significant differences in Emotional Intelligence and Psychological skill usage with regard to age, weekly hours of practice and number of years played. 80 professional sports players were examined. The tools used for data collection comprised of the Personal and Socio-Demographic Information Schedule, Emotional Intelligence Scale by Schutte et al and Test of Performance Strategies by Thomas et al. The tools used for statistical analyses were Pearson’s correlation and ANOVA. Results indicated a positive correlation between Emotional Intelligence and Psychological skill usage. Significant differences were observed in Emotional Intelligence with regard to age and weekly hours of practice, also significant differences were found in Psychological skill usage with regard to weekly hours of practice and number of years played.

Pages: 654-663
Sofia A. Kauko-Valli (School of Business and Economics, Ohjelmakaari, University of Jyväskylä)

The present research focuses on family business-owners experience of well-being on the phenomenological level. In this study well-being was defined as a construct consisting of facets of happiness, satisfaction with life, mood and anxiety. Happiness for family business-owners was constructed as satisfaction with life, experiencing balance between challenges and resources in life, experience balance between different roles in life, being appreciated by others and experiencing life as highly meaningful. The findings support the theory of broaden-and-build by illustrating how positive emotions may change the way we interpret the world around us and further how resilience may be built over time.

Pages: 671-675
Danish Henry, Syed Muhammad Mubeen, Ali Zain and Waqar Ulfat (Hamdard College of Medicine & Dentistry, Hamdard University, Karachi) Zeeshan Yaqoob (Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan)

Benign thyroid disorders are common clinical entities with a prominent female preponderance. There are no studies from Pakistan that measured health-related quality of life of patients with benign thyroid disorders. This study assesses the health-related quality of life in patients with benign thyroid disorders from urban cities of Pakistan. A cross-sectional study involving 191 patients was conducted from July through November 2012 at three tertiary-care hospitals in three cities of Pakistan. An interview-based questionnaire containing the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), socio-demographics, and sleep disturbances were assessed. Data was analysed in SPSS Version 20. All ethical considerations were taken into account. One hundred and thirty-eight (72%) females and 53 (28%) males were evaluated. The mean age was 34.22 ± 11.1 years with slightly more than half (57.1%) patients were between 21 to 40 years. There was significant decrease in SF-36 scores in all domains. The scores of Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) was statistically significant (p<0.05) in males as compared to females. A significant 86% of the patients reported various sleep disturbances. Hair changes were the most common reported symptom followed by slow movements, mainly in the hyperthyroid group (42.4% and 44.1% respectively). This study reported a decrease in health-related quality of life among patients with benign thyroid disorders. The results can be helpful to plan improvements in managements of benign thyroid diseases, eventually improving health-related quality of life.

Pages: 681-686
Mir Shahid Ali, Meena Osmany and Waheeda Khan (Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi)
Deepti Mishra (Department of Clinical Psychology, PGIBAMS, Raipur)

The cancer is curable disease, however appropriate coping and adjustment is important in facing chronic diseases, especially during the treatment period. Regardless of prognosis, the initial diagnosis of cancer is still perceived by many patients as a life-threatening event. Patients undergoing treatment for cancer face major physical and emotional challenges. All these factors have a negative impact on prognosis of illness. Most patients with chronic illnesses suffer at least some adverse psychological reactions as a result of the disease; however, do not seek formal or informal psychological treatment for their symptoms. Instead, they draw on their internal and social resources for solving problems and alleviating psychological distress. The present study is an attempt to examine fear of death, depression and coping among cancer patients. A sample of 60 cancer patients from Apollo BSR Hospital, Bhilai (C.G.) was randomly selected. Fear of death and depression level in cancer patients were measured by the Fear of Personal Death Scale and the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). The Cope Scale was administered to measure their coping strategies. It was observed that 21.7% patients had fear of death; 46.7% had moderate level of depression followed by mild (38.3%). Cancer patients used Emotion focused coping (M = 11.22) more than problem solving coping (M = 8.82). Significant gender differences in fear of death and depression (P < .05) were also observed. Different treatment groups differed significantly on depression, it was more in those who were receiving both radio and chemotherapy (26.7 %) than those who were receiving only chemotherapy (20 %). The study highlights the significant level of fear of death and depression in cancer patients as a function of gender and type of treatment. Fear of death and depression was comparatively higher in female patients. Patients receiving both chemo and radiotherapy treatment were more depressed than patients receiving only chemotherapy. Emotional coping was the dominant coping style employed by cancer patients. The results of the study highlight the importance of psychological interventions and strategies to alleviate the suffering of cancer patients and thus improving their quality.

Pages: 693-697
Shantanu Halder and Kanchan Bandopadhyay (Department of Physical Education, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal )

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of physical education programme on neuropsychological variables. Only one hundred college students (Boys) whose age range between 22 to 27 years were randomly assigned to training from Bped Colleges. Short Term Memory, Long Term Memory, Tactile Sense and Visual Perception were measured for this study. Short Term Memory Test and Long Term Memory Test, Aesthesiometer and Muller lyer Illusion Tests were used for this study. The training sessions performed five days a week and training classes were divided into two sessions, one was in the morning and the other in the evening with the duration of one forty five minutes each session. Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance was applied to investigate the existence of significant difference among Pre Treatment Phase, First Phase and Second Phases of ten months exercise programme. In conclusion significant improvement was found in case of Long Term Memory, Short Term Memory, Tactile Sense but no significant improvement was observed in case of Visual Perception after ten months of physical education training programme. Exercise not only gives health life style but also improve your neuropsychological variables so exercise is strongly recommended.

Pages: 702-706
Vandana Sharma (Department of Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

The present study was attempted to find the relationship between career decision-making and family environment among adolescents. For the study, 300 adolescents studying in class XI were drawn from Government Model Senior Secondary Schools of Chandigarh by employing stratified random sampling. For the collection of data Career Decision-Making Inventory (CDMI; Singh, 1999) and Family Environment Scale (FES; Vohra, 1997) were administered to adolescents. For the analysis of data statistical techniques like Pearson product moment correlation, t-test and stepwise multiple regression were used. Correlation analysis showed that career decidedness was significantly and positively correlated with cohesion, expressiveness, independence and recreational orientation dimensions of family environment. Career indecision was significantly and negatively correlated with cohesion, expressiveness, independence, organization and recreational orientation dimensions of family environment. No significant gender difference was observed on the variables of career decision-making (career decidedness and career indecision). Boys and girls significantly differed only on organization dimension except all other dimensions of family environment. Regression analysis showed that cohesion and expressiveness dimensions of family environment contributed to career decidedness independently as well as conjointly. This indicated that adolescents having families high on cohesion and expressiveness were high on career decidedness. In case of career indecision, the predictors were expressiveness, organization and independence which contributed to career indecision independently as well as conjointly. This demonstrated that adolescents having families high on expressiveness, organization and independence were low on career indecision. Results of the present study demonstrated that congenial family environment is necessary for the overall development of adolescents.

Pages: 711-714
Neharshi (Department of Psychology, H.N.B. Gharwal University, Srinagar, U.K)

The present study attempts to treat Major Depression in relation to Beck's Cognitive Behavior Therapy (BCBT) and Progressive Muscular Relaxation Technique (PMRT). The study attempts to diagnose and treat a 32 years male client. Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess the level of depression of client. The treatment proceed in certain steps such as in starting 12 sessions, the client was treated with PMRT along with Motivational Counseling to ready the client for CBT. Once it was assured that the client is motivated and ready for counseling. He was also given sessions of CBT. The sessions of both therapies that PMRT and CBT were given simultaneously to the client. The client had taken total 28 sessions of one hour of each therapy. After the completion of treatment (6 months), it was found that the persistence of positive changes in the patient's life like continuing his job, attending parties, taking inertest in those hobbies in which he lost interest before the CBT and PMRT.

Pages: 718-722
Shweta Jha (Clinical Psychologist, Manipal University, Manipal)

A 2 year 11 month old child born of non- consanguineous marriage; with full time normal delivery in hospital. Presented to us with family history of autism and ADHD in 2nd degree cousins and she had complaints of absence of social smile, lack of eye to eye contact, lack of awareness of others with impaired speech and stereotypic play activity, and spinning objects. Highly distracted, irritable, poor concentration and attention; with no history of hearing and speech impairment and normal development until 12 month when the present symptoms were noted.