Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 481-484
Naveen Ganer, Jaspreet Kaur, Gayatri Kankerwal, Manoj Malik, varun Singh and Sujata Sharma (Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana)

Randomized control trial with experimental design. To find out the effect of static stretching on hamstring flex- ibility, to find out the prevalence of limited hamstring flexibility. 140 (70 males and 70 females) school going children were selected from government school who met the selection criteria were equally divided into control and experimental groups. The control group received no intervention while the experimental group received static stretching session for hamstrings. Hamstrings flexibility was measured using Sit and Reach Test (SRT) and Inclinometer measuring Hip Joint Angle (HJA). Significance of difference between control group and experimental group were measured using t-test using SPSS (21st version). Significance level was set at p ≤ 0.01. Experimental group showed significant improvements in term of SRT (t = 25.219, p ≤ 0.0001) and HJA for both right leg (t = 13.405, p ≤ 0.0001) & left leg (t = 10.070, p ≤ 0.0001). Results of present study indicate that static stretching is effective in improving hamstring flexibility in school children.

Pages: 489-492
Afsaneh Sobhi and Masoud Hejazi, (Department of Psychology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran)
Zohre BanaPour (Azad University of Zanjan, Science and Research Branch, Psychology Department, Zanjan,Iran.)

Diabetes is a common disease, and one of the biggest health problems in the world, the importance of diabetes, this study examined the relationship between attachment style and social support and mental health in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2. In this study 49 patients with type 1 diabetes and 91 patients with type 2 diabetes over a period of 3 months and convenience were sampled. In this study, a mental health questionnaire (GHQ) of Goldberg, attachment style (RAAS) Collins and Reid and social support (MoS) and data from Stuart was used as a measurement tool. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 16. The results of the analysis of variance and regression parameters indicated between attachment style and social support, mental health, there is a significant relationship. Matrix correlation coefficient showed a significant correlation between scores on the mental health and attachment anxiety exists between scores on the psychological and social support, social support subscale somatic symptoms, anxiety and depression, and mental health aspects of emotional support, affection and interaction there is a significant negative relationship between social support and social dysfunction subscale there was a significant positive relationship. The t-test showed that the scores of attachment styles are different between patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2, for example, after the close score type 2 diabetes than type1, and these differences were statistically significant. In total, 7/9% of the variance in mental health is explained by social support and attachment style. According to the t-statistic, respectively 1/79 and 3 will be shown with 99 percent confidence that these variables predicted changes related to mental health. Due to physical illness, psychological problems, an approach in the field of health psychology that can have many benefits for the community of psychologists and medical community.

Pages: 496-499
Pallavi Raj (Department of Psychiatry, B. D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak, Haryana)

The therapeutic alliance is an important factor in psychotherapy that is associated with the treatment outcomes for clients receiving mental health services. out of the Babel of psychotherapy models, concepts, and techniques, the therapeutic alliance stands out as a measurable phenomenon that has been shown to have a robust effect on treatment outcome. The therapeutic alliance may be a “holy grail” of psychotherapy competency because it is a validated concept that is predictive of outcome, more powerfully predictive than alternative indices, clearly defined, easily measured, and may have educational and training value. In the present review the concept and component of therapeutic alliance, researches, the methods for measuring it, and its relationship with outcome has been discussed.

Pages: 503-506
Rajesh Kumar (District Child Protection Officer, Jhajjar, Haryana)
Neha Jain and Harish (Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana)

The son has become the preference of the family even in the present modern society advanced technology. The present study was aimed to compare the attitude of the males and females towards gender difference. The study was based on the sample of 200 males and females selected on the basis of availability from urban areas of Rohtak. A self structured interview schedule was employed to conduct the survey for empirical data collection. The find- ings of the study are clearly indicating that the son is being more preferred by the females as compared to males. The preference for male child has been traditionally strong in India since historical time. However, India which is characterized by variations in its economic, social and cultural environment of sub-continental, proportions depicts substantial variations in the degree of son preference in different parts of the country. Son preference is quite strong in the northern plains as well as in central upland regions and it diminishes gradually as one moves towards South of the Satpura hill range and attains the low levels in Tamil Nadu. In the East, West Bengal, Assam and North-eastern states is seen a relatively moderate degree of son preference. There is also a pocket around Himachal Pradesh where the son preference is of moderate intensity (Bhat & Zavier, 1999).

Pages: 510-512
Malvika Parakh, Debashruti Ghosh, and varun S Mehta (Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand)

The internet has become a part of everyday life. This growing technology has a vast impact on the life of many people. In the field of mental health, the electronic services are rapidly gaining acceptance. The psychometric tests are an important tool in the field of psychology. The use of internet as one of the modes of delivery of psychologi- cal tests has been discussed.

Pages: 517-519
Nidhi verma (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana)
Ajay Singh (Western Colorado University, USA)

People are living stress ridden lives, be it stress arising from occupations, career, relationships or finance. Thus they are suffering from various psychosomatic problems because of increasing stressors in life. With the advance- ment of psychological treatment and planning, we have many kinds of therapies available such as psychotherapy, behavior therapy, cognitive behavior therapy etc. But, our ancient scriptures like the Bhagwad Gita have already described our human day to day worries and how a man should tackle day to day problems. The Bhagwad Gita is a key to all worries and anxieties which was spoken by Lord Krishna in the battle of Kuruksehtra- Mahabharata. Bhagwad Gita shows practical and real life applications of ways to cope with day to day stressors humans face in their day to day life. This paper emphasizes basic understanding of the principles of the Bhagwad Gita and its application in day to day life as an effective tool for management and coping of stress.

Pages: 524-532
Navjot Kukreja, Sarita Saini and Deepika vig (Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The present study was undertaken to analyse the relationship between intellectual abilities, metacognitive skills and academic performance of rural adolescents (13-16 years). The study was conducted in Government schools in villages of Ludhiana-I Block. The final sample comprised 240 rural school-going adolescents (N=240) studying in grade 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th. The subjects were equally distributed across both the genders (Males=120 and Females=120) and all the grades. To assess the metacognitive skills of the adolescents, a Self-Structured Metacognitive Questionnaire adapted from Metacognition Inventory (Govil 2003) and Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (Schraw & Dennison 1994) was used. Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (Raven 1960) was used to assess the intellectual abilities of the selected subjects, whereas the academic performance was assessed through aggregate percentage of marks/ grades obtained by the subject in the last school examination substantiated by teacher ratings. It was found that majority of the adolescents had an ‘Average’ level of metacognition. ‘Above Average’ and ‘Average’ level of Intellectual Abilities and Grade A’ and ‘Grade B’ level of Academic Performance. However, gender differentials were found to be non-significant in distribution across the various levels of Intellectual Abilities, Metacognition as well as Academic Performance. Further, the subjects were found to be reasonably well in their Procedural skills, Declarative Knowledge, Evaluation, Comprehension, Monitoring and Planning aspects, but were quite weak in some of the learning strategies like Conditional Knowledge, Debugging and Information Management Strategies.

Pages: 539-544
Janet J. and Velayudhan (Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu)

The main objectives of the study are to explore the experiential aspect of Occupational stress Burn out among female and male professional managers in private health service institution, to assess the effect of burn out in the process of management and to intervene psychotherapy for enhancement of the professional management. Quantitative research approach was used in this study. The research design was Pre, Post and follow up experimental research design. The female and male professional managers in the private health service institution were samples of this study. The sample size was 50. Non probability purposive sampling technique used. The instruments used for this study were Maslach burnout inventory (MBI). The intervention therapy used for this study were Jacobson progres- sive muscle relaxation, systematic desensitization and Counseling. The data was collected by interview method and questionnaires. Statistical analysis was done by repeated measures of ANOVA; post hoc comparison Duncan multiple range test and descriptive statistics. The results of Occupational stress burn out showed a significant dif- ference between the three time periods namely Pre, Post and follow-up among the male and female professional managers in private hospitals.

Pages: 551-557
Ritu (Research Scholar, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)
Umeed Singh (Department of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana)
Madhu Anand (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)

Organizational burnout and organization commitment are the two major elements to determine organizational behavior and employees’ attitude to work. The purpose of this research was to study comparatively the Burnout and organizational commitment among police personnel of different hierarchies of Haryana police. The participants were 377 police personnel who included 90 Constables and 85 Head Constables and 202 Non Gazette Officers (NGOs) (which include ASI and SI). The participants were administered Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) after proper rapport. Results showed that Police Constables have scored significantly low on all the three dimensions of burnout and on affective commitment and normative commitment than Head Constables. Constables also have scored significantly low on two dimensions of burnout

Pages: 565-569
Manoj Kumar Tiwari (Department of Medicine, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, U.P.)
Sandhya Ojha (AKAPG, College, Paramanandpur, Varanasi, U.P.)

The 21st century is an era of technological revolution. Due to the technology, the environment of today is changing as never before. Adolescents of today are well and easily exposed to vast, unlimited and most importantly censored information and are subject to high pressure because of ever increasing competition and expectations from their family and peers. The aim of present study is to examine and compare various dimensions of general well-being and emotional maturity among adolescents. The present study carried out one hundred adolescents (50 boys and 50 girls) with age range of 15-19 years. For purpose of data collection general well-being scale (Kalia & Deswal, 2011) and emotional maturity scale (Pal, 1986) was used. There are significant difference on PWB and EWB dimension of GWB between boys and girls. Findings also highlights that girls are more emotionally unstable as compare to boys. The gender difference can be attributed to the variations in socialization process of both genders than to the inherent genetic character. All people are equal, but not the same. Study recommended that parents, teachers and other responsible society members should ensure that gender bias does not exist in home, school and society. School management should organize personality development programs from time to time that help adolescents emotionally mature.

Pages: 574-578
Punam Bansal (Govt. College of Education, Chandigarh, Punjab)

The present study examined the effectiveness of Experiential Learning Strategies on Problem Solving Ability from Psychological Hardiness perspective. The sample comprised of 260 (132 males and 128 females) adoles- cents studying in four Government Model Senior Secondary Schools of Chandigarh. Psychological Hardiness Scale by Nowack (1990) was administered and students were categorized in High psychological hardiness group and Low psychological hardiness group by using Kelley’s Method. The Problem Solving Inventory (PSI) by Heppner (1988) was administered twice as pre-test and post-test measurement instrument to assess perceptions of problem solving ability of adolescents. Experimental group (N=130) was taught by adopting Experiential Learning Strategies and control group (N=130) was taught by Traditional Teaching Strategies. A 2 × 2 facto- rial design was used to study the main effects and interaction effects of the independent variables of Teaching strategies and Psychological Hardiness on the dependent variable of Problem Solving Ability. Significant main effects of Experiential Learning Strategies and High Psychological Hardiness were revealed on the appraisal of Problem solving ability of adolescents . Results also indicated statistically significant interaction between teaching strategies and psychological hardiness on Problem solving ability. High Hardy group taught through Experiential Learning Strategies developed significantly higher Problem Solving Ability than that of Low Hardy group taught through Traditional Teaching Strategies. The result of present study that High Hardy group (HH) performed significantly better on the variable of Problem Solving Ability than Low Hardy group (LH) group, has significance for both educators and school counsellors. Overall, these findings prove new insights about how Experiential Learning Strategies may contribute to the relationship between psychological hardiness and problem solving as an important coping skill for adolescents.

Pages: 583-586
Sonia Pereira Deuri, Arif Ali, and Sobhana H. (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam)

Psychiatric rehabilitation programs have sought to develop strategies to enhance and support the community integration of people with psychiatric disabilities. Assessment of psychosocial determinants and need prioritisa- tion is necessary for planning any effective rehabilitation programme. This could enable integration of persons with psychiatric disabilities to be individualized and meaningful. This community based study conducted in the North-East Region of India, at LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health, Tezpur, Assam attempted to assess psycho social determinants and the subjective rehabilitation needs of persons with major psychiatric disorders (Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective Disorders). Fifty home visits were made in municipality areas of Tezpur. Respondents were interviewed using a semi structured interview schedule to assess the socio demographic profile and psychosocial problems. Rehabilitation Needs Assessment Schedule (Nagaswami et al., 1985) was administered to assess respondents’ needs regarding rehabilitation. Results indicate that majority of the patients had “inadequate finances, insufficient welfare support, minimal social support and family care burden”. Persons with psychiatric disorders and caregivers expressed multiple needs; thereby emphasizing that psycho social problem impacted the rehabilitation needs. Psychiatric patients need comprehensive after-care packages and support is required for both persons with major psychiatric disorders and their caregivers.

Pages: 591-595
Rupinder Kaur Grewal, Deepika Vig and Sarita Saini (Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

Visual perceptual skills play an important role in learning how to form letters. These skills are also important for copying, sizing, spacing and orienting letters and words correctly. The present study aimed to ascertain the contri- bution of visual perception in determining the quality of handwriting. The total sample for the study comprised of 160 public school children studying in grade 3 and 4. Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices was administered to ascertain intellectual abilities of the children. They were further evenly distributed across the categories of good and poor writers (English language) viz. children with good handwriting (n=80) and poor handwriting (n=80) by administering handwriting test by Lilley (2006). The visual perception test was also administered on the same sample. The results revealed that sub – skills of visual perception were found significantly higher among students with good handwriting. It signifies that children with good handwriting had better visual perceptual skills in contrast to children with poor handwriting.