Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 293-298
Binita Vedak, Divya Sinha, and Hemalatha Ramachandran (Sophia College for Women, Mumbai (Autonomous), Mumbai, Maharashtra)

The number of women suffering from disorders related to the menstrual cycle like PMS is ever increasing, around 80% of women experience some form of physical and/or emotional discomfort during their luteal phase. Unfortunately, all the cases aren't reported and thus the diagnosis of PMS becomes difficult and its mechanism is still under study. Female reproductive hormones play a significant role in pathways that help in encoding, consolidation and recollection of memory, and this is possible due to interaction of these hormones with their receptors in various areas of the brain. Alongside to this is the role of stress hormones like cortisol, which hold significant value in influencing aspects of cognition, particularly memory related to emotional events, by binding to specific receptors on the amygdala. PMS is a gender specific stress, and thus can be used to understand the correlation between hormones, stress and their combined effect on aspects of emotional memory. The review focuses on understanding this correlation and highlighting the role of CBT in relieving the symptoms of stress related disorders.

Pages: 303-306
Suresh Kumar Mehta (Department of Psychiatry, Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan)
Bhakti Murkey (Department of Psychiatry, Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan)
Bharat Pateedar (Nursing Superintendent, Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan)

Occupational stress is a common phenomenon in healthcare sector, including the nursing staff working in hospital settings. Work-stress can not only affect the physical and mental health, but also adversely affect their quality of work and productivity. This study aims at assessing the prevalence of depression, anxiety and perceived stress in nurses working at a hospital in Udaipur city, Rajasthan, India. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 200 nurses from Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur. Structured questionnaire of Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) was administered to assess depression, anxiety and perceived stress in the population. The scores were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 software. Upto 44% of participants reported experiencing some level of depression, anxiety or perceived stress. The level of anxiety and stress perceived by nurses decreased significantly with increasing age (p< 0.0001). Female nurses reported significantly higher levels of depression as compared to males (p=0.002). Nurses face considerable stress at work-place which amounts to them experiencing symptoms of depression and/ or anxiety, owing to perceived stress levels. Their symptoms have a varied presentation based on the age as well as gender of the nurse.

Pages: 311-314
V. Sindhu and Vandana Jain (Department of Psychology, SDM College, Ujire, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka)

Parenting style plays an important role on Emotional Maturity among Adolescents. The aim of the study is, to examine Parenting style and Emotional Maturity among adolescents across gender. The scales used for the study is Parenting scale by Bhardwaj and Sharma and Emotional Maturity scale by Singh and Bhargava About 100 participants (50 males & 50 female adolescents) were taken from Vivekananda Pre-University College, Bangalore of age 15-18years. Purposive sampling method is used for the study and research design being survey type. The statistical analysis used is Paired sample t-test and Co-efficient of Correlation. The findings of the study are, Perceived Parenting Style does not differ significantly across gender. Emotional maturity does not differ significantly among Adolescents across gender. Parenting Style does not have any relationship with Emotional Maturity among female adolescents. Among male adolescents when there is decrease in parenting style, leads to increase in emotional immaturity. The results and discussion, drawbacks and implication is discussed in detail.

Pages: 320-323
Vasudha and Promila Batra (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)

Internet is now a days counted as digital addiction. The youth has a hunger to know about new things and internet is the cheapest and easiest way to satisfy the hunger. Internet surfing is very easy and it soothes the curiosity within seconds. Slowly internet is now become a necessary portion of our lives. People started searching relationships on social networking sites particularly when they are poor or weak in building relationships, poor in communication or expression or are hesitant of social speech. Therefore, it seems that lack of social skill and self-esteem could be one cause of spending longer time on the internet. With this view point, current study was designed to reconnoiter the relationship among web addiction and self-esteem. It was hypothesized that lower the self-esteem higher would be the internet addiction. To fulfill the purpose of this study self-esteem test by Rosenberg and internet addiction test by Kimberly young were applied on a sample of 300 subjects selected from various educational institutions in Haryana on the basis of consent to participate in the study. The subjects were in the age range of 16-25 years, representing a mixed gender, rural-urban and different socio-economic status. On the basis of consent to participate in the study from Haryana were selected. Pearson's Correlation method was used to study the data and the hypothesis predicting that lower the self-esteem higher would be the internet addiction proved. It is recommended that raising self-esteem should help in lowering the addiction.

Pages: 331-335
Elham Jannat (Department of Psychology, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan, Iran)
Zohre Latifi (Department of Psychology, Payme Noor University, Iran)

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of quality of life therapy in a group manner on the life of homeless and abused girls in Isfahan boarding schools. This research was conducted in a quasi-experimental manner with a pre-test-post-test and follow-up design. The statistical population of this study is 200 people among the girls aged 12-18; they were homeless and abused in the boarding schools of Isfahan province coincidentally, 30 people were divided into two groups of 15 people tested and controlled. The measurement tool in this study was the test questionnaire to guide the lives of Shea and Carver (1985) which was completed by orphaned and abused girls in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics of repeated measurement analysis of variance were used to investigate research hypotheses. Results: The results showed that the difference between the meanings of the experimental and control groups in the post-test and follow-up with the control of pretestscoresin the life orientation variables wassignificant and the quality oflife training course increased optimism and decreased pessimism.Girls are orphaned and orphaned (p>0.01).Also,the effect ofthisintervention has not changed or decreased over time (p 0.05) and the effect of the training course in the follow-up phase has remained relatively constant. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it is stated that quality of life training courses can increase optimism, life satisfaction and ultimately increase people's well-being.

Pages: 340-344
Aravind E. Raj, Janaki Ramam, Prathwiraj Bajpe, and Suresh Lukose (Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka)

Psychosocial competency is strength and ability to deal effectively with demands and challenges of everyday life. It plays an important role towards the overall development of human being. Schools are significant social institution for children's psychosocial development as it's assumed that schools environment is favorable to the social and emotional growth of children. Rural children in India mostly attend government schools where group harmony and interdependence are strongly encouraged but individualistic values may experience more difficulties in social interaction; as a result they may feel frustrated and develop attitude towards others and self. The current study aims at understanding the effectiveness of psychosocial competence programme conducted in rural school as part of community mental health program of NIMHANS, Bengaluru. 172 students of class 6th, 7th and 8th from seven rural government schools participated in the program. Psychosocial competence programme on nine different themes was conducted using participatory methodology. Feedback was collected from students about their learnings in each session. The learnings were quantified as appropriate and in appropriate responses to discuss the results. Majority of children were from lower socio-economic background. Mean percentage of appropriate responses of children about each session ranged from 50.71% to 78.2. Female children were consistent in attending the sessions. The mean percentage of appropriate responses were significantly higher among the children who attended more than 7 sessions compared to children who attended less than seven sessions. Significant difference (p< .05) was found in appropriate responses and strength of the class. Development of psychosocial competencies is multidimensional in nature. Well-structured, well planned and well implemented school based intervention programmes would lead to significant improvement in psychosocial development of children.

Pages: 353-356
Gaganpreet Kaur and Atinder Pal Kaur (Department of Economics and Sociology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

Media becomes an integral part of our life. With the growth and development of technology, it creates revolution in media industry and it grows to television, films, radio, the internet and other new media applications. Media also played a big role in today's scenario in which we all are struggling covid-19. The present paper is focused upon how media effect and created people perception about covid-19. The data was collected online by 150 respondents including both male and female from urban city of Ludhiana. Snowball sampling method was used to make contact with respondents. Study revealed that firsthand information about Covid19 was received via media. Media was used as a source of information as well as entertainment. Less than half i.e. 48.6% of the respondents quoted the panic to purchase grocery as well as medicines was due to news spread by social media. Media also played a positive role to connect family and friends; becomes a source to create a virtual families during pandemic. Along with this, there is a flip side of media that it creates fake news and increased stress among people. The public sphere created by media, should be critically examined. The discourse used by media need to be evaluated thoroughly by society.

Pages: 363-370
Suchandra Chakraborty (MPhil Trainee Clinical Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)
Asmita Karmakar ( UGC Senior research fellow, University of Calcutta,Kolkata, West Bengal)
Aparajita Chakraborty (Department of Psychology, Amity University, Kolkata, West Bengal)
Anindita Mukherjee ( Clinical Psychologist, Department of Health and family welfare, Govt of West Bengal)
Tapolagna Das (Department of Psychology, Sidho Kanho Birsha University, Lagda, West Bengal)
Manisha Bhattacharya (Clinical Psychologist, Autism Society, West Bengal)
Atri Sanyal (State aided college teacher, Department of Psychology, Maharani Kasiswari College, Kolkata, West Benga)
Saranya Banerjee (UGC Senior research fellow, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)
Anwista Ganguly ( State Aided College Teacher, Department of Psychology, Maharani Kasiswari College, Kolkata, West Bengal)
Urmimala Ghosh (MPhil Trainee in Clinical Psychology, University of Calcutta,Kolkata, West Bengal)
Arumina Mitra (Counsellor, DPS, Joka, Kolkata, West Bengal)
Jaspreet Kaur (Research Scholar, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)
Atanu Kumar Dogra (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)
Jishnu Bhattacharya (Neuropsychiatrist, Suri Sadar Hospital, West Bengal Health Service, Suri, Birbhum, West Bengal)
Sanjukta Das (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal)

Identification and community based interventions of stigma are essential aspects of mental health. Considering this context, on the basis of theoretical conceptualization of stigma related to mental illness and current socio-cultural scenario, we attempted to construct a Bengali standardized scale to measure 'mental illness stigma in general population'. Initially, content of the fifty seven items were generated from experts' opinions under the domains of three components of stigma- 'stereotypes (cognitive knowledge structures), evoked emotions and attitudinal/behavioural consequences' with three point rating response category using vignettes(depicting any psychiatric disorder, here schizophrenia was considered). Then the scale was administered on 522 Bengali speaking, graduate participates (age range 25-40 years)for item analysis processes. Finally, 54 items were retained considering significant item total correlation and explored under components using exploratory factor analysis. Satisfactory test retest and internal consistency reliability were found for all domains of newly developed stigma scale

Pages: 376-383
Harbans Lal (Department of Psychology, SNDT Women's University, Director, Forum of Behavioural Safety, Mumbai, Maharashtra)

During the Covid-19 scenario, this article addresses behavioural safety cultural issues as to why do people take health and safety risks? what are the similarities between Covid-19 and behavioral based safety (BBS) management as both interventions drive behavioural change? How to implement BBS post-lockdown in plants? What are the behavioral challenges and solutions to contain Covid-19? This article is based on qualitative methods such as interviews, focused group discussions, field surveys. Objective is to review the current scenario and enable people to use this researched information for effective management of behavioural safety culture. Implications are discussed in view of safety cultural context in India.

Pages: 387-392
Anjana Goyal (Department of Biochemistry MRDC Faridabad, Haryana)
Reena Doomra (Department of Pharmacology MRDC Faridabad, Haryana )
Samridhi Srivastava, Neeru Rani & Anushka Rajesh Choudhary(MRDC, Faridabad, Haryana)

In recent years, country has seen a rise in new trend in adopting plant-based diets which could be due to a variety of reasons- environmental consciousness, affection for animals, social justice or a bid to end world hunger for materialist society and so on and so forth. Whatever be the reasons, all of them have led to one definite conclusion- a decrease in the carbon footprint generated by an individual. To know the individual's preferred diet, reasons for adopting and to educate the youth of informed advantages of adopting such dietary habits, a cross-sectional study was done through an online survey among various youth. It was observed that a growing consciousness has led them to adoptbetter health choices and environment-friendly decisions, despite many of them selecting reason for eating meat or dairy products as a “personal taste”. They also agreed that they would be more than happy, if made aware to switch over to a diet which would have less impact on the environment. This article deals with an increased consciousness of adopting healthier, more beneficial, and more environmentally viable food habits among the younger population. To establish this fact, a survey was conducted in Delhi/NCR region using Google forms amid the lockdown period of Covid-19 pandemic. Results show that the concerted efforts of the individuals towards achieving this task may enable them to reduce global carbon footprints by 29-70%. Through this study, efforts have also been made to educate young individuals about these healthy and less polluting lifestyle practices which may help reduce their individual contribution to the global environmental crisis.

Pages: 398-401
Poonam Yadav, Poonam Malik, Monika, and Pinki (Department of Human Development and Family Studies Choudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Klinefelter syndrome is a rare condition in which one extra X chromosome (XXY) is present in males rather than the normal XY chromosomal pattern. It occurs in 1 in 500-1000 males. It occurs because of some random error during egg formation or sperm production.These types of children are slightly different from normal ones. Individuals with KS have some physical characteristics like tall stature, hypogonadism, gynacomastia, delayed or incomplete puberty, impaired spermatogenesis. KS can also lead to emotional, behavioural, social and other problems at school or college level. Some of the studies revealed that individual with KS have increased risk of language disorder. Parents also have a lot of burden or stress due to their sons' delayed or impaired development.About 1/4th of the total individuals having KS are diagnosed throughout their life span. Lifespan of boys having KS is approximately 2 years less than the normal boys.Diagnosis or Treatment of Klinefelter syndrome should be started at an early age.

Pages: 407-411
Atinder Pal Kaur (Department of Economics and Sociology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

International migration is an important dimension to study integration of societies, globally; especially if studied at family level, to get a better know how of culture and society. For this, data has been collected through open-ended interview schedule, case studies, and non- participant observation from Doaba region of Punjab. Interviews were done with women, who are living without their husbands/ male member of the family. It was found that there was a shift from conservative societies in to more open societies in the Doaba region of Punjab. Women feel more autonomy, free and independent with respect to family decisions. The women acted as the head of the household and are taking all family decisions. But “patriarchal norms” and male dominance still exist in Punjabi society. Migration of their husbands results in temporary increase in tasks and responsibilities of women. The change in roles also creates a dilemma among the left behind women about their position, which leads to identity crisis. Women generally perceived these new roles as burden hence, should not be confused with changing gender role.

Pages: 415-418
Lalita K. Gautam and Alok Kumar (Department of Sociology, CCS University Campus Meerut, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh)

Reproductive morbidity is one of the major heath issues having impact upon the quality of women. It has been noted that there is lots of ignorance and misconception about it especially among rural women. This study aimed to review the earlier studies and draw conclusion from their results to know the present conditions of women reproductive morbidity, especially along the psychological and social dimensions by utilizing the social science methodology of secondary data analysis. The idea of utilizing the insights and experience of earlier medical sociology's study the evaluation of reproductive morbidities and treatment seeking conduct of rural women in India is indeed appealing as medical sociology is almost new in India.. It appears to be fruitful idea to investigate the manner in which rural women seek treatment for reproductive morbidity