International Journal of Education and Management Studies

Page: 227-231
Manjeet Kaur and Pratibha Goyal (School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab)

The purpose of present study is to examine the effect of underemployment on individual, organisation, family and the whole community. Underemployment is an acute form of labor underutilization which negatively affects the whole economy. As compared to unemployment, it has received far less attention than it deserves. But with the outset of the COVID-19, it has become the major concern for most of the countries across the globe. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of underemployment and its implications. The findings reveal that both visible and invisible kinds of underemployment, not only impact the psychological well-being of individuals but they also affect their relationship with family, organisation and the whole society.

Page: 237-240
Arjun Sharma and Shalini Singh (Department of Psychology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana)

High work engagement is associated with the benefits of organization as well as their health and well-being. So, it has become considerably important for the employers as well as also for the organizational/industrial psychologist to emphasize on employee engagement and mental health. The purpose of this study was to look at the influence of employee engagement in the mental health of hospitality sector workers. A correlational design was used in current study to examine the role of employee engagement in mental health of employees of Hospitality sectors. The present study was conducted on 100 Hotel employees (Managerial & non-managerial) of both the gender with the age range of 20 to 60 years. Employee engagement was measured by employee engagement scale by Schaufeli and Bakker (2004) and Psychological Distress Manifestation Scale (PDMS) by Masse, Poulin, Dassa, Lambert, Belair, and Battaglini (1998) was used to assess metal health of employees at work place in present study.The correlational analysis show a significant negative correlation between dimension of employee engagement, e.g., Vigor, Dedication and Absorption and PDMS dimensions (e.g., irritability, anxiety/ depression, social disengagement & self-depreciation). At workplace disengaged workers may experience poor mental health. Findings of the study indicate that low level of employee engagement lead to, mental health complaints at workplace.

Page: 244-249
Salma Seth (Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekananda College, University of Delhi, Delhi)

The unsatisfactory attempts at qualitatively synthesizing research literature heralded the coming of new strategies for integration-strategies that make the integration of the findings of empirical research itself an empirical task. What is involved then is an “analysis of analysis” or to use the term coined by Glass (1976) “meta-analysis.” Meta-analysis is the statistical summary of the results of all the studies on a particular topic. Studies relevant to a conceptual issue are collected and summary statistics from each study (such as means, correlation, etc.) are reduced to a common metric. This becomes the unit of analysis, and is analysed in quantitative tests. This research paper attempts to take a practical journey into meta-analysis.

Page: 257-261
Dinesh Naik1 and Aparna A. Satpute2 (Department of Psychology, NVPM's Arts, Commerce & Science College, Lasalgaon, Nashik, Maharashtra1 and Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra2)

The present study focused on Psychological Well-being as Flourishing in relationship with Goal Orientation among post- graduate students, studying in various non-professional courses in various colleges of Pune city. In the subject- matter of positive psychology, Flourishing has emerged as the advanced level of psychological well-being. As a motivational construct, Goal orientation reflects significant individual differences. Learning Goal Orientation driven individuals focus on exploring innate competencies and so continue exploring opportunities that nourish learning; while Performance Goal Orientation driven individuals are more output-oriented. They are more behind favourable gains and have a tendency to avoid challenges. The sample consisted of 205 students. Overall significant correlations were found between dimensions of flourishing and focused two goal orientations; except between flourishing dimension of engagement and performance goal orientation. Regression analysis revealed learning goal orientation positively predicts psychological well-being as flourishing in significant way among students.

Page: 270-272
Tapas Pal1 and Ajoy Sarkar2 (Geography and In-charge of Centre for Differently Abled Persons, Raiganj University, West Bengal1 and Sayedpur Babhan Toli High School, Jhitkia, Uttar Dinajpur2)

Lockdown due to Covid-19 pandemic situation had started in India since 24th March 20201 and after that almost two years is going to be passed but it is very difficult to access digital education by the students of India properly though 'Digital India'1 was launched by Prime Minister of India on 1st July 2015.2 Actually Indian education system is not habituated with online education rather world knows Indian education for Ashram education/Tapoban education (Tagorian model of education) 3 and Gurukula education(ancient Indian education system where shisha living near to guru)4 where environment and students are connected with each other. Lockdown has braked this spiritual connection. Lockdown has insisted the students, teachers, and education system of India access education through digital mode where the morality, ethics, values, creativity, quality, practical knowledge, and field-based project work are affected adversely to some extent. Every corner of India may get the education through digital mode but whether the internet is present in every corner of India, whether all the Indian students have the capacity to buy the android phone and laptop, whether the uninterrupted internet high speed (5G or 10 gigabits per second) 5 is available everywhere, whether the teachers of India are habituated in the online education system, whether the Indian students and teachers access online teaching-learning education ethically, whether the controller of examinations to educational institutions is experienced in conducting digital examinations. So, there is a huge number of confusions are present in our contemporary education system to run digital education completely. Again, based on the last two years' teaching and evaluation system during a lockdown of the examination, it is experienced that almost all the students give the answers of the questions during online examination based on the pen-book method and they put the questions in google and take the answers from that. Even there are some students who do not write the answer scripts in their own handwriting rather they engage 2nd party to write it. In some cases, teachers do not check answer scripts properly and give marks just based on the roll numbers or names. In some cases, it is again observed that teacher has mistakenly provided the marks though the candidate has sent the answer-scripts in the relevant emails provided by the institution/department. Later when students saw the mark sheet without the marks on a particular paper, he/they fill up the scrutiny form with proper institutional fees, after that they pass the same paper with relevant marks. Now the question is why students will bear extra scrutiny charges due to the fault of the teacher's careless job during the checking of the answer scripts? Sometimes students join the online examination link to present their assignments but just after starting the presentation candidate leave the link and show the excuse for internet problem. Actually, the candidate has not done the assignment properly, and to hide this truth he/she does this type of malpractice. Thus, the blended learning or hybrid teaching method should be applied to the contemporary Indian education system. Moreover, the concept of 'Sustainable Thinking'6 must be incorporated in the development of moral education of the students and teachers.

Pages:118-123
Wossen Getahun Abera (Department of Psychology, MA in Social Psychology, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia)

The main target of this research article was to know whether body image perception predicts self-esteem of high school adolescent students. To realize this linear regression analysis was computed. Apart from this, the article tried to assess the status of adolescent's body image perception and self-esteem via one samples t-test. Finally, the study identified sex differences among adolescent male and female students regarding body image perception and self-esteem by employing independent samples t-test. Participants of the study were 94 (male= 47 & female= 47) selected through stratified simple random sampling technique. According to results of the study, adolescent students had higher level of body image perception and self- esteem. On the other hand, finding of the study indicated that body image perception predicted self-esteem of adolescent students. Regarding sex disparity on body image perception and self-esteem among male and female adolescent students, there was no significant distinction between the two sex groups.