International Journal of Education and Management Studies

Pages: 55-59
Jyotsna Yadav (Department of Management Studies, Singhania University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan)

India has an amorphous middle-class of about 300million people who can afford to by life, health and disability and pension plane products. Of this only 20% have insurance. Even in this small group who do have insurance, only 25% of their need and financial capacity is covered. The remaining 80% have no insurance cover. This paper shows that publicly disclosed mutual fund portfolio holdings contain valuable information about stock fundamentals and future returns. We develop a model to efficiently aggregate this information across actively-managed funds with differential skills to predict individual stock returns. It also understands that how financial markets are also affected by the 'financial behaviour' of investors. With the reforms of industrial policy, public sector, financial sector and the many developments in the Indian money market and capital market, Mutual Funds which has become an important portal for the small investors, is also influenced by their financial behaviour. Hence, this study has made an attempt to examine the related aspects of the fund selection behaviour of individual investors towards Mutual funds. It helps to understand the consumer behavior towards various financial services like insurance and mutual funds. The report enhances the knowledge on how various marketing concepts are learned. This paper will also help to understand the investors facet before investing in any of the investment tools and thus to scrutinize the important aspects for the investors before investing t hat further helped in analyzing the relation between the features of the products and the investors requirements. There is enough scope for the investors to invest money in mutual funds for the longer returns with a lesser risk factor. After analyzing the data we can say that a Mutual Fund is the most suitable investment for the common man as it offers an opportunity to invest in a diversified, professionally managed basket of securities at a relatively low cost. This study attempts to establish a model by which to measure attitudes and behavior towards investment risk when positive information is presented, investor perception on structured notes is lower with higher expected remuneration. The present study is descriptive in nature, as it seeks to discover ideas and insight to bring out new relationship. Research design is flexible enough to provide opportunity for considering different aspects of problem under study.

Pages: 46-51
Anju Verma and Renu Bala (Haryana School of Business, Guru Jambheshwer University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana)

This paper is based on the review of various research papers. The main focus of this paper is to observe “The Indian Life Insurance Sector in Present Scenario”. The paper is being divided into four parts. First part explains the role of the insurance sector in socio-economic development of an economy, role of the Insurance sector in the savings particularly in the long-term savings or investment. Second part of the paper explains the privatization and liberalization of the insurance sector and the history of the Indian life insurance. Third part explains the review of literature and methodology which is exploratory in nature. The data is secondary and collected from the various sources such as journals, annual reports, and websites from the year 1986 to year 2009. The fourth part of the paper which is the final part also, concludes the main findings of the study which are such as, after the privatization and liberalization of the insurance sector IRDA has huge responsibility very first to avoid all the pre nationalization speculation activities and concentration of insurance firms only to urban segment and secondly to avoid malpractices in the funds investment activities. As the insurance sector is very important part of the financial market and financial market stability play a vital role in the stability of the whole economy. On the other side the biggest challenge is to provide all the players (domestic or foreign) the “level of playing field”. To control other problems such as the “price-war” among the firms and simultaneously many developed countries insurance firms has reached almost at the saturation level now they can try to capture the maximum market share in India.

Pages: 42-43
Vinod Kumar and Parveen Kumar (Singhania University, Rajasthan)
A. S. Boora (M.D. University, Haryana)
R.S. Hooda (CRM Jat College, Hisar, Haryana)

This paper explores how consumer develops beliefs about and preference for brands based on the information they process. The beliefs and preference define consumer's attitudes towards a brand in turn their attitude towards a brand often directly influence there brand evaluation and determine whether they buy it. Consumer purchase is very complex. It is influenced by many factors like attitude, beliefs, loyalty, perception, image, quality, price and so many. But attitude is considered as the most basic aspect which plays a vital role in purchase decisions. More marketers can attempt to change consumer attitude before they make a purchase to influence them to buy or they can change attitudes after a purchase to reduce any post purchase dissonance. This study is to know the consumer attitude towards dietary supplement The trend towards nutritional supplements are increasing very fast. Highly quality dietary supplement products are helping in filling the dietary gap that every one will have. This is the ira of communication where more and more information is available to the general public. People have realized the importance of dietary supplements so the demand for these dietary supplements is increasing day by day. Two types of consumer are taken like doctors and non -doctors to understand their attitude toward dietary supplements. Some of the important out comes are like profession plays very important role for usage of directory supplements, liquid dosage forms & good taste are two most accepted attributes of these products iron preparations are consumed to the maximum extent. Physician plays very important role for prescribing the dietary supplements.

Pages: 36-38
Sonia Verma (Department of Management, Singhania University, Jhunjunu, Rajasthan)
Jugesh Aspal (IIMT Group of Institutions, Meerut)

This study proposes a new integrative model to explain citizenship behaviors in the organization by pointing out its characteristics and different aspects. The theoretical approach was based on four sub-models consisting of common meaning: 1 The demographic model 2 Tthe environmental/political model 3 The structural model, and 4 The situational model. The direct relationships between the four models and OCBs were examined together with the analysis of formal behavior expected of employees in the organization. The study also tries to examine the relative correlations of the four models with each other, trying to asses the contribution of every sub-model to the explanation of OCBs. The basic argument of the study is that different relationships can be established between the four sub-models and the dimensions of OCB. The basic hypotheses of the study are: 1 Employees acting politically outside the organization will also tend to do so in the organization 2 Employees taking part in the organizational decision-making process will tend to perform more OCBs as compared with those who do not feel involved in the decision-making process 3. Job satisfaction is related positively to different dimensions of OCB; (4) Organizational commitment is positively related to different dimensions of OCB. The generalizability of this study to the private sector and to different kinds of organizations is also reviewed. Recommendations are made for further research that could shed more light on OCBs as a unique phenomenon at work. Therefore in this research only the link between OCB and Organization has been covered in the light of the above study of the subject matter. The researcher has also tried reveal all the hidden aspect not been uncovered earlier in this regard.

Pages: 28-31
Sonia Verma (Department of Management, Singhania University, Jhunjunu, Rajasthan)

This research paper aims to model the dynamic relationship between performance measurement, management styles and organisational culture, in order to develop a better understanding of the causal linkages between these three areas. The related literature on performance measurement, management control systems and management information systems, in the context oforganisational culture, is examined and a framework for mapping the interplay of the three areas is developed. The research is based around five case studies where performance measurement systems were implemented in action research programmes, using identical implementation methods, by the same research team. The use of the performance measurement systems was then observed over a period of time in relation to the implementation lifecycle, changes to management style and organisational structure over time. The dynamic relationships were then mapped using the framework developed. Patterns were observed, which led to new insights. Organisational culture and management style seem to be interdependent throughout the lifecycle of the performance measurement system. That is, management styles need to evolve as the maturity of the performance measurement system and the organisational culture evolve. A successfully implemented and used performance measurement system, through cultural change, leads to a more participative and consultative management style. Similarly, the correct use of performance measurement systems can encourage an achievement culture to emerge. All five cases suggested that an authoritative management style was essential at the start but this would change with the emerging culture. The research results are limited to five socially constructed case studies. Whilst these findings remain valid, they cannot be used for universal generalisations. In terms of modelling the organisational culture, the research focuses on the organisation as a whole and does not take into account the possible existence of sub-cultures within the organisation. Practical implications A better understanding of management styles and organisational culture will allow practitioners to better assess the organisations' readiness to implement performance measurement systems. Similarly, the results provide guidance towards the management styles that would be appropriate when implementing performance measurement systems in different cultural settings. The framework for modelling the dynamic relationship between performance measurement, management style and organisational culture, together with the findings, should provide useful insights and methods for future researchers in this area.

Pages: 23-24
Kalpana Yadav (Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Jhunjhnu, Rajasthan)

In India and globally celebrities like Hritik Roshan, Aiswarya Rai, Aggasi, Samphas, Anna Kornikova, M S Dhoni, Rahul Dravid, Shah Rukh Khan, Sachin Tendulkar, Madonna, Bill Cosby Michael Jordan, these names have become symbols of the role of endorsers in advertising. Firms spend millions of dollars to sign up celebrities to endorse their products. Some popular endorsers such as Michael Jordan earn as much as $50 million a year from endorsements alone. Endorsement contracts are now so lucrative that many professionals in sports and entertainment direct their careers to this end. In some sports, such as track and field events, winning at the Olympics has pretty much become a means to subsequent endorsement contracts.