IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review

Pages: 385-390
Harprit Kaur and Amandeep Kaur (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab )

Internet Addiction Disorder refers to the excessive usage of Internet. It is a multidimensional construct which is associated with problematic behaviors due to uncontrolled
involvement with internet. This disorder is developing at a rapid rate worldwide, especially among the student population. Emotional Health refers to the individual's optimum management of his/her emotions. The emotional health has two facets, i.e. the lack of ability to describe and feel emotions (Alexithymia), and the deficits in regulating the emotions (Emotional dysregulation). The current research purports to explore the relationship of Emotional health among young adults with Internet addiction. For this purpose, four standardized tools, namely, Internet Addiction Test (IAT-20) (Young, 2014); Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) (Bagby et al., 1994); and Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS) (Gatz & Roemer, 2004) were administered to a sample of 200 young adults (internet addicts) in the age range of 20- 28 years. Further, the data was analyzed using Co-relation, t-test and stepwise multiple regression to study the relevant relationships, gender differences and predictive contribution. Statistically significant positive relationship was found between Emotional health and Internet addiction among young adults. Significant gender contrasts were also explored. Stepwise multiple regression output revealed that Emotional health, as a whole accounted for 73.7% variability in internet enslavement among the young adults. Results and their implications are discussed in the article.

Pages: 395-397
Anjali Sharma (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

Prejudice is the negative attitude that people hold towards each other on the basis of membership that stimulate different type of negative behaviors reflected in minor to major acts of discrimination. The premise of discrimination is dependent upon prejudice that leads not only negative relationship between groups or sometimes within groups but also facilitates distress among members of different caste or groups within society. The present study is an endeavor in itself to bring out this notion of discrimination and psychological distress on ground level and provide some specific notion regarding the outcome of having negative or extreme attitude towards each other.

Pages: 402-406
Bikram Keshari Mishra (Department of Sociology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha)

The paper focuses on the specific strategic approaches followed by the corporate in bringing about sustainable development through corporate social responsibility. There is a vast intensity of social exclusion of tribal and specially women in rural Odisha. Multinational companies play a significant role in combating social exclusion of tribes through their corporate social responsibilities. The present paper examines the role of Vedanta Company in empowering the Dongria Tribe in Rural Odisha through its strategic CSR practices. Dongria tribe which is the most primitive and socially excluded tribe in Odisha is found to be uplifted by the Vedanta Company. The study is carried by reported information by the company and secondary sources of analysis. The present paper addresses the role of Vedanta Company in transformation of health, education and sustainable livelihood of rural people. The paper also attempts to examine the practical application of Corporate Social Performance theory by taking Vedanta Company in context. In Odisha there is vast disparity and inequality between schedule caste women and other caste women with regard to accessibility of health, education and livelihood facilities. The CSR strategy of Vedanta i.e., Integrated Rural Development Program (IDVP) has provided income generating activities through formation of self help groups of women and made them self dependent. Tremendous changes in the reproductive health services have been brought in the Dongria women and the literacy rate of the target population have been increased by the company. Vedanta Company has been successful to a great extent to empower the tribal in Rural Odisha by providing a health, education and livelihood opportunities through CSR. The company plays a significant role in combating social exclusion of rural Odisha and thereby bringing sustainable development.

Pages: 412-414
Ekta Soni (Department of Applied Psychology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science, and Technology, Hisar, Haryana )
Madhuri (Department of Psychology, Ch. Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, Haryana )

Aim of the present study was to assess the effect of parental stress and control by mother on mother-child relationship. Data was collected from 50 mothers and their children. Age of the child ranged from 13 to 17 years. Tools used in the study were Distress Weinberger Adjustment Inventory (Weinberger & Schwartz, 1990) Parental control (Houston Community Demonstration Project, 1993) Parental Child Attachment- Rochester Youth Development study (Thornberry Lizotte, Krohn, Franworth, & Jang, 1991). Results revealed that control by mother was significantly correlated with attachment of child towards mother. Further regression analysis revealed that control by mother predicts the child's attachment towards mother by 12%.

Pages: 419-424
Harpreet Kaur (Sewa Devi S.D. College of Education, Tarn Taran, Punjab)

The study examined teacher effectiveness among teacher educators in relation to organisational climate. The sample in the study was 645 teacher educators from 96 private B.Ed. colleges affiliated to three state universities of Punjab i.e. Punjabi university, Patiala, Panjab University, Chandigarh and Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar were randomly selected by lottery method. The descriptive statistics such as mean, median, mode, S.D., skewness, kurtosis, quartile deviation and ANOVA and post-hoc were used to analyse the data. The results revealed (a) The teacher educators had average level of teacher effectiveness and perceived good organisational climate of the colleges. (b)The teacher effectiveness was high in better organisational climate, average in good organisational climate, and low in poor organisational climate. (c) The organisational climate was positively and significantly correlated with teacher effectiveness in male group, female group, rural college teacher educators, urban college teacher educators and in humanities stream teacher educators. The correlation between teacher effectiveness and organisational climate in science and commerce stream teacher educators was positive but not significant. On the basis of findings, it is suggested that the management should give autonomy to principal of the colleges to enhance teacher effectiveness and the academic freedom should be given to the teacher educators by creating conducive/democratic environment and by providing proper physical resources in the college.

Pages: 429-434
Kavita Bhatnagar and Roopali Sharma (AIPS, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)

Childhood overweight is a serious health condition, where kids weigh above the normal weight for their age. This prepares an early field for diseases like diabetes, high blood pressure, cholesterol and various other ailments that are actually related to adulthood. While the problem is global, it is relatively newer in Indian population but unfortunately; it is growing at a rapid rate. Increased consumption of fast food, sugar laden fizzy drinks, lack of physical activity and largely sedentary lifestyle comprising of watching television, playing video or computer games, playing on mobile phones and tablets due to the changing urban lifestyle are the major causes of childhood overweight and obesity.100 children aged 7-9 years staying in Delhi, NCR along with their parents (n=200) participated in the study. The Weight and height of children were measured and the BMI was calculated. WHO simplified field charts were used to classify childhood obesity and overweight. Parental Stress was assessed by Singh Personal Stress Source Inventory (SPSSI). Among all participants, it was found that a large number of children were obese and overweight. Prevalence of obesity and overweight was higher in boys than girls. The levels of stress in parents was higher in case of families where both parents were working. A high level of stress was found in parents of children who were found to be obese or overweight.

Pages: 439-441
Kurian Jose (Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra )
Rajith K. Ravindren (Psychiatrist, Institute of Mental Health, and Neuro Sciences, Kozhikode, Kerala )
Bhagya Lekshmi (Occupational Therapist, Institute of Mental Health, and Neuro Sciences, Kozhikode, Kerala )

The life experience of institutional care providers of mentally ill, their perception about mental illness and imbibed stigma, adaptation to the changed role of care giving are rarely researched in countries like India. Using mixed research methodology, participants (n=24) from institutions which provide rehabilitation of mentally ill in Kozhikode district of Kerala state were selected for the study. A focused group discussion was conducted and the experiences of the participants were documented. Majority of the care givers noted that their experience in working in these institutions has changed their attitude towards mental illness as well as their attitude towards life as a whole. This in turn helped them to adapt to new strategies of rehabilitation services.

Pages: 450-452
Ashu Dhawan and Rajeev Dogra (Department of Psychiatry, Pt. B. D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana)

The present study investigated possible relationships between blood types and personality within a normal population. Previous research work from published studies claiming associations between blood type and personality is scanty, conflicting. This study predicted that blood donors of b+ ve and o +ve blood group showed lower scores on all TCI dimensions except persistence, finding was same for AB group except they had higher scores on cooperativeness and A+ ve group showing high score on harm avoidance. The blood donors having O-ve group also showed lower scores on all TCI dimensions except high scores on self-transcendence. Participants comprised a sample of blood donors 25 males and 25 females. Temperament Characteristic Inventory developed by Cloninger et al. was administered. Statistical Analysis was done using appropriate statistics from the statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0

Pages: 459-465
Nida Zakaria (Department of Mass Communication, Mewar University, Rajasthan )
Shobha Kulshreshtha (Department of Mass Communication, Vice-President, Shri Venkateshwar University, Gajraula )

An empirical study was conducted among the students of different colleges of Jamshedpur to study Hindi and Urdu newspapers content variable. Students were selected to examine their likes, dislikes, preferences of the Hindi and Urdu newspaper read by them. The study also focused on the elements of connects between the reader and the newspaper. The sample was collected from the Under Graduate and Post Graduate students. Students who read Urdu and Hindi language newspaper were chosen for my study. It consisted of 200 students (100 UG + 100 PG). Homogenous sample was selected for the study. This means only muslim students (boys & girls) were chosen as my sample. A set of questionnaire was constructed and standardized for the purpose of data collection. Purposive sampling technique was applied for the present study. Mean, S.D and t test were applied for the analysis of data obtained. The study reveals that students of both the groups select the newspaper with easy to understand language. Urdu newspapers are lacking behind in the treatment and presentation of the news. The study also found that students like to read news about their own region and society. They love to see their stories covered by the vernacular press which often goes unnoticed. It was also disclosed that Hindi newspapers sensationalize the story to attract more readers.

Pages: 469-475
Suneeta Yadav (Post-Doctoral Fellow, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

The role of women in India has changed drastically attaining a new definition and perspective in the last few decades. Being employed outside for these women, does not mean a reversal in the priority of home and household related activities and these are still considered to be their prime responsibility by society as well as the women themselves. Household constraint experienced by employed women may include effort, time and economic constraint that eventually affect both physical and mental health if not managed effectively. The interplay of Household constraint and work-family conflict, experienced more widely by employed women due to their dual responsibilities, can play havoc with their mental health. Researchers suggest that, employed women experience work-family conflict due to involvement at work place as well as in the family, which is likely to have negative consequences for their mental health. However, it is not to be denied that work-family conflict alone may not lead to poor mental health but possibility of household stress emanating from the conflict may be the real reason for the negative mental health consequences. This study, aimed at examining the mediating role of various dimensions of Household constraint in the relationship between Work-Family Conflict and Mental Health among female bank employees. Work-Family Conflict Scale, Mental Health Inventory and Household Demand Schedule were administered individually to 250 clerical level female bank employees. The collected data was analyzed using a Pearson 'r' test and computing Partial correlations. Analysis of the data showed that on dimensions of Household constraint, Effort, Economic and Overall Household constraint, except Time constraint, partially mediate the relationship between W-to-F Conflict and Overall Mental Health. However, only Effort and Overall Household constraint partially mediate the relationship between Family-to-Work Conflict and Overall Mental Health. Results have been analyzed in the light of the stresses that are experienced by women working in banking sector in context to their work and home lives.

Pages: 482-489
Meghna Maiti and Utpal Roy (Department of Geography, University of Calcutta, Kolkata)

Since independence, Government of India (GOI) introduced lots of programmes to improve the health condition of childbearing mothers and reduce maternal mortality. For addressing the issues associated with maternal health, safe motherhood and fertility regulation interventions, Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) Programme has been implemented at the national, state as well as district level and below of it. In spite of functioning of RCH programme, women's health specially reproductive health standard is far from satisfactory level and the disparity among states are still prominent and it varies from excellent to poor. Different analysis reveals that the state-level effects of various RCH services are significantly higher than the district level. But the unit below district level might always present the functioning and performance of RCH at regional in this regard. This attempt is an initiative to assess the variation in reproductive health status of women among blocks of Paschim Medinipur district, West Bengal. As reproductive health depicts the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, preconception, prenatal and post natal care, but for the sake of this study, specific attention is given to a number of prenatal and natal aspects due to some limitations in data. Results of different applied measures identify the range of differentials between blocks that can be effective to reduce the disparity level in planning formulation and implementation for the poorly performed blocks in future.

Pages: 496-499
Vikas Sharma (Amity Institute of Clinical Psychology, Amity University, Gurgaon, Haryana )
S.P.K Jena (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi )

India has a large cancer population and the numbers of new cancer cases are increasing which is going to exert pressure and pose a challenge to the health care delivery system. Sleep difficulty is one of the most important concerns of cancer patients. It can adversely affect the quality of life of cancer patients by producing subsequent depression and anxiety. Sleep difficulties are important consequence of cancer diagnosis which adds to the distress and challenges posed by cancer. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy in patients suffering from oral cancer on quality of life. Two group randomized pretest- post test control group design was utilized by the researcher. 40 participants consented to participate in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to the experimental and control group. The overall improvements in quality of life were greater in experimental group as compared to the control group. This study recommends the application of cognitive behavior therapy in people with insomnia suffering from cancer.

Pages: 508-514
Sanchi Jain and Priyanka Musalay (Department of Psychology, St. Francis College, Begumpet, Hyderabad )

Social Support guides an individual to endure difficulties and plays a significant role in contributing to overall well-being. Studies showed that social support helps to sustain positive attitude in cancer patients. The phenomenon of social support is highly associated with coping strategies which together influence emotional and physical well-being of the patient. The objective of the study is to find out if there is any significant relationship between social support and coping strategies in cancer patients. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 101 Stage I and Stage II cancer patients where 51 were male and 50 were female. Social support was measured using Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Coping was measured with the revised Brief COPE Scale. Analysis of data was done using Pearson's product-movement correlation coefficient and t - test. The results revealed that there was a positive significant correlation between perceived social support and coping strategies. The implications and shortcomings are discussed.