IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review
Filters Sort results
Reset Apply
Need for psychological interventions in building healthy parent child relationship among adolescents Pages: 201-204 The current research study attempts to observe the impact of Psychological Interventions on improving parent-child relationship among adolescents. To achieve this objective Rao's (1971) Parent Child Relationship Scale were administered on 200 undergraduate students from Arts, Commerce, Science and Management streams of South Goa colleges. The adolescents who are in need of counseling were identified on the basis of pre-test scores determined in each scale. On the basis of the obtained data, adolescents were than divided into experimental and control groups. Psychological interventions were provided to those identified adolescent's of experimental group, over a period of one year. After which post-test data is collected from both the groups of adolescents. Further, paired 't'-test was applied to observe the impact of psychological interventions on the above sample. Hypothesis stating that there will be a significant improvement in Parent Child relationship, among Adolescents after going through psychological interventions is proved through this paper. Through this paper the researcher wants to depict the impact of psychological interventions tailor made to an adolescent client for optimal facilitation. The results of parent child relationship scores are highly significant (p<0.001) which revealed that psychological interventions plays a significantly positive role in improving parent child relationships in all domains. The outcome of counseling session was positive indicating that adolescents feel safe to express their feelings and thoughts in interpersonal relationships specially with parents. |
Pages: 205-210 A correlational study was carried out to explore the role of social support and ways of coping processes on self efficacy among HIV positive male persons. Sample of 159 persons with HIV having age between 15-40 years and those diagnosed as HIV positive before six months were selected. Tools used in the study were General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Williams, 1988); Ways of Coping Questionnaire (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984); Social Support Questionnaire (Nehra & Kulhara); and General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale (Jerusalem & Schwarzer, 1981). Statistical analysis were made with the help of descriptive analysis and Pearson Product Moment method of correlation to study the hypotheses that there will be a significant relationship between coping processes and self efficacy, social support and self efficacy among HIV positive persons. Significant positive correlation between self-efficacy and social support has been found. Further significant positive correlations between self efficacy and ways of coping processes except planful problem solving have been found. Since self efficacy is essential for a person to live life at optimum level particularly in the case of persons with HIV that live life with stigma, stress and uncertainty, therefore it is necessary to study some psychological aspects that relate with self efficacy of a person at some point. From these psychological aspects, here we carried out a correlational study of self efficacy with social support and ways of coping processes among persons with HIV. |
Pages: 211-214 Present investigation was done to study “Influence of Academic Workload and Study Habits on Level of Achievement of Science Stream Students Studying in Private and Government School.” The Independent variables were (a). School workload (homework & class work) (b).Study habits (c). School status (Private & Government school) and the Dependent variables was - Level of achievement. it was a comparison study in which 12th class science stream students male and female studying in private and government school were compared on the effect of academic workload and study habits on level of achievement. For the research a sample of 40 students was taken. Study habits inventory by Patel in Hindi language was used to measure study habits and academic performance in class 11. The result show that male and female differ significantly from each other girls studying in both private and government school have better study habits and feel less burdened. |
Pages: 215-216 Climate change is already affecting agriculture, with effects unevenly distributed across the world. Future climate change will likely negatively affect crop production in low latitude countries, while effects in northern latitudes may be positive or negative. Climate change will probably increase the risk of food insecurity for some vulnerable groups, such as the poor. Animal agriculture is also responsible for greenhouse gas production of CO2 and a percentage of the world's methane, and future land infertility, and the displacement of local species. Agriculture contributes to climate change both by anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and by the conversion of non-agricultural land such as forests into agricultural land. Agriculture, forestry and land-use change contributed around 20 to 25% to global annual emissions in 2010. |
Pages: 217-221 As the responsibilities of women with children are changing with the change in work status, various personal and social issues are surfacing for women. Perceived social support might be considered as one of the factor which could contribute to personal life and relationships. The present study aimed to identify the relation between perceived social support and marital adjustment among working and non-working women. The sample of the study consisted of 100 women (working married women 50, non-working married women 50), age ranging between 28 to 40 years (minimum 5 years of marriage), with at least 1 child. Two tests, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS), were administered to the respondents. Data was analysed with the help of t-test and step-wise regression. Results showed that working mothers had higher marital adjustment than non-working mothers. Further, perceived social support, especially from family's side played an important role in developing marital adjustment among women. |
Pages: 222-225 Indian Civilization is known for its ancient Indian Texts in Sanskrit and Pali. All the Vedas, Puranas, Upanishad, Agamas, Samhitas, etc. Texts are known for their contribution in Indian Civilization and Culture. These are not only the Religious Texts for the particular society rather they are the Texts, which shows the way; How to live human life in this Universe. The most significant theory of Rasa, and Bhava has appeared in the Taittiriya Upanishad. Common man thinks that these are only the Religious Texts, which may liberate us but these are not only for one aspect of life rather they deal with Totality of Life. Even the Science, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Medicines and various aspects of Philosophy and Psychology are deeply rooted in such Texts. The known Texts are Samarangana Sutradhara a study of Vastu Shastra architecture and all the Shilpa Shastras Texts, Vishnudharmottara Purana deals with Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. Similarly Agni Puran, Markandeya Puran, Vayu Purana, Garuda Purana, Skanda Purana and Matsya Purana etc. deals with astronomy, psychology, art, iconography and architecture in many Adhyas. A study of Art and Architecture in these Texts are valuable Treasure for the Scholars. |
Pages: 226-230 Life satisfaction is one of the key concepts that positive psychology studies. This article provides a review of the existing literature on the relationship between parenting style and life satisfaction among the adolescents. A parenting style is a psychological construct that incorporates various attitudes, behaviors and approaches used by parents while raising their children. Life satisfaction is an individual's appraisal of life as a whole rather than the feelings that are felt at a given instant. The way parents deal with their children has a major influence on children's perception towards life. The purpose of this review is to understand the impact of parenting styles on adolescents' life satisfaction. Various correlational studies have found that parenting style plays an important role in life satisfaction of the adolescents. Authoritarian parenting style leads to decline in the life satisfaction while authoritative, supportive and permissive parenting style improves the life satisfaction of the adolescents. Indulgent-neglectful parenting also lowers the life satisfaction of the adolescents. Directions for future research have also been discussed. |
Pages: 231-233 Someone is threatening you with imminent and deadly force. You could safely retreat from the threat but you choose, instead, to stand your ground and meet force by force. In doing so, you kill the aggressor. Are you guilty of murder in America? In most of the United States, the answer is no. By statute, court rulings, or a combination of both, more than thirty states have adopted a 'stand your ground' i.e., no retreat rule which bars the prosecution of people who use deadly force against a deadly aggressor without first attempting to retreat, or offers such persons a valid self- defence claim against a charge of criminal homicide. By contrast, a minority of states enforce a retreat requirement under which a defendant may not successfully claim self- defence if the defendant could have safely retreated, but did not, before using deadly force against a deadly attacker. |
Pages: 234-237 The present study was an attempt to find out the difference between abstinent and relapsed opioid dependents on Hardiness. The sample of the study consisted of 200 male opioid dependents, out of which 100 were abstinent and 100 were relapsed opioid dependents selected randomly from the Govt and Private Rehabilitation Centres of Punjab. Hardiness Scale (Kobasa & Kahn, 1982) was used to collect the data. Means, Standard Deviations and t-ratios were calculated to determine the differences between two groups. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant difference between the two groups on hardiness, with the abstinent group scoring higher on hardiness, in comparison to the relapsed group. The findings clearly reveal that to increase abstinence among the opioid dependants, the treatment and rehabilitation services should focus on enhancing commitment among the drug addicts. |
Pages: 238-242 Caregivers of any patients goes through a lot of difficulty in caring. They provide emotional support to the patients along with their proper treatment caring for patients with dementia is challenging, demanding and stressful and it negatively effect the mental and physical health of caregivers. There are very few studies have examined the effectiveness of MBSR in caregivers of dementia for improving their level of mindfulness and reducing worries. 20 patients with their caregivers were taken from Psychiatry OPD, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. They were randomly divided into 2 groups namely experimental group (n=10) and control group (n=10) only experimental group Dementia patient's caregivers were taken for MBSR intervention. Both groups were assessed on Penn worry state questionnaire at baseline and after MBSR intervention and Toranto mindfulness scale was administered only on experimental group at pre and post. After MBSR intervention experimental group are caregivers found significantly reduction in worry in comparison to control group and experimental groups caregivers also found improvement in state of mindfulness. Results indicated that MBSR intervention significantly reduced worry and increase mindful-state among caregivers of dementia. |
Pages: 243-247 It is largely accepted that impulsivity is part of bipolar disorder. However, presence of various sub-facets of impulsivity in bipolar disorder remains largely unknown. The present study aims to see various sub-components of impulsivity in patients diagnosed with BPAD current episode manic type. Purposive sampling was used to select 20 patients with diagnosis of BPAD current episode manic type (based on ICD- 10 DCR) (group 1) from a tertiary care hospital. Another 20 normal healthy subjects (group 2) were taken from accompanying person on the score of less than 3 in GHQ-12. Both the groups were matched on age, sex and education level obtained through initial assessment on socio-demographic clinical data sheet. All the subjects (n=40) were assessed using Barratt Impulsivity Scale and Stocking of Cambridge test, (a sub test of CANTAB). There was a statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 on measures of BIS. On SOC, significant differences were obtained on sub-components of Mean Subsequent Thinking Time and Problems Solved in Minimum Moves. The findings of this study suggest that impulsivity more present in patients with BPAD than normal subjects. |
Subjective well-being in relation to emotional intelligence and values among different professionals Pages: 248-252 Main aim of this study was to find a correlation between emotional intelligence dimensions, values and subjective well- being among different professionals. This study took up a sample of 300 Different Professionals 100 Doctors, 100 Lecturers and 100 Engineers (age range 35 to 50 years) with balanced number of males and females from Jaipur city. The tools used were Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1997); Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener et al., 1985); Emotional Quotient Test (EQ Test) (Chaddha & Singh, 2001); and Type of Values Questionnaire (Rokeach, 1973). Data collected is then computed and correlation was found between all the variables. Further Multiple Regression Analysis was also computed. The results found showed a positive correlation between subjective well-being and emotional intelligence, values and satisfaction with life among different professionals. And also it was found that Emotional Intelligence, Values and Satisfaction with Life are significant predictors of Subjective Well-being in Different Professionals Doctors, Lecturers and Engineers. |
Pages: 253-257 Teachers have eminent role in nurturing, educating and developing young brains. The young brains directly or indirectly contribute in building up of an entirely new and growing world so the role of a teacher has evolved from merely being teacher-centered to student centered. Considering the importance of job performance of teachers at different levels of schools, study aims to explore the various predictors as well as dimensions of job performance at various levels of schools viz. elementary, secondary and higher secondary. The study provides insight of predictors of job performance among teachers of elementary, secondary and higher education level. |
Pages: 258-262 Subjective well-being, emotional intelligence and values among professionals or in this case doctors are a very significant aspect of any professional's career and personality. Values predict our behavior and decisions and emotional intelligence is also very important part of subjective well-being. This study took up 100 doctors from Jaipur city. The tools used were Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1997); Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener et al., 1985); Emotional Quotient Test (EQ Test) (Chaddha & Singh, 2001) and Type of Values Questionnaire (Rokeach, 1973). Data collected is then computed and correlation was found between all the variables. The results found showed a positive correlation between subjective well being and emotional intelligence and partial positive correlation between values and satisfaction with life |
Pages: 263-267 HIV is a life-threatening disease that once make a person infected, continues to attack the immune system of a person and makes it weak even to such an extent that person does not remain as capable as to fight against even an ordinary diseases. This study aims to understand the relationship between ways of coping processes and social stigma among 159 persons having HIV who were diagnosed before six months. As a screening test, General Health Questionnaire was administered. After that, Ways of Coping Questionnaire and Social Stigma were administered to measure ways of coping processes and social stigma of the persons. Descriptive Analysis and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were applied for the statistical analysis. Statistical Analysis of the data showed that there was significant negative correlation between Distancing and Social Stigma (r=-0.17), Positive Reappraisal and Social Stigma (r=-0.24), Planful Problem Solving and Social Stigma (r=-0.23). |
Pages: 268-274 Socio-economic characteristics are the most important features to examine the development level of any area. The study discusses the impacts of land acquisition on socio-economic conditions of the peripheral villages of the Sonipat city, Haryana. A primary survey has been conducted to analyse the impacts of urbanization on socio-economic conditions of the residents. During field observation, simple random sampling has been adopted and the information has been collected through a well-structured questionnaire. Results reflect that there is a lack of higher education and only 18.91 percent respondents are highly qualified. A psychological feeling of brotherhood in the society has been declined because of increasing cash prices of the agricultural land, as well as the feeling of superiority to each other. There is also a drastic change in the family types and joints families are converting in to nuclear ones along with emergence of extended families. While observation more than 85 percent respondents of all social groups have admitted that there is a positive change in the status of women after urbanisation and it has generated a supportive environment for them. It has been unearthed that in post urbanization, with the increase of employment opportunities there is also a modification in occupational structure. Primary activities are declined as a result of sharp increase in secondary and service sector activities. All social groups have made a clear statement of the view that increase in household facilities is one of significant positive results of post urbanization period. |
Pages: 275-279 The study has been undertaken to investigate to determine the relation between extrovert and ambivert personality types with emotional and social adjustment of teenagers. To determine this Social Adjustment Inventory and Extroversion-Introversion Test (EIT) was used. The sample size was 216; 194 extroverts and 22 Ambiverts. All subjects were selected from several intermediate colleges of Agra. The study being expost facto, subjects were selected as per purposive sampling. There is significant negative correlation between extrovert and emotional adjustment of the participants. There is significant correlation between extrovert and social adjustment of adolescents. There is no significant correlation between ambivert and emotional adjustment of teenagers. There is no significant correlation between ambivert and social adjustment of selected sample. Extroverts are found to be better socially adjusted. As the level of extroversion increases emotional adjustment decreases of adolescents. Ambivalent are not found to be good in social adjustment. Ambivalent adolescents are not found to be better emotionally adjusted. |
Pages: 280-283 Article 356 of the Constitution was one of the most keenly debated and discussed in the Constituent Assembly. In the words of Dr. Ambedkar “such articles will never be called into operation and that they would remain a dead letter". The Founding Fathers apprehended that, if and when it would be misused, it would violate not merely the federal character of the polity envisaged by them but also make a mockery of democratic principles. It seems that they were very much sure that the provision of the article would not be used to strengthen the corporative federalism but it would be used in resolving the ministerial crisis in the State.2 As observed by Shiban Lal Saksena “I feel that by these articles we are reducing the autonomy of the States to a farce. These articles will reduce the State Governments to great subservience to the Central Government". |
Pages: 284-287 The present study is an attempt to investigate the Job performance among women teachers in Higher education institutions. Purposive sampling technique was used for data collection. A sample of 110 women teachers working in Government and private degree colleges were selected for the study. Self-made questionnaire on Job performance scale was used to collect the data from teachers in higher education. The result of the study by using principal component analysis indicates that team spirit is the principal component that affects job performance of women teacher in higher education. Job security is also crucial in determining job performance of women teachers in higher education institutions in Haryana. |
Pages: 288-290 Emotional Intelligence has become very popular among academicians and practitioners. It enables people to use emotion advantageously to achieve desired outcome in different fields. It is the capacity for recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves and for motivating emotions well in us and in our relationships. Emotional intelligence has been found to be positively related to psychological well-being, creativity, academic achievement, cognitive ability, self-esteem, reasoning ability, moral judgement, intelligence and negatively related with anxiety, stress, depress and psychological distress. The present paper reviews on emotional intelligence and health. |
Pages: 291-294 1857 के विद्रोह को ही भारत की स्वतंत्रता हेतु प्रथम स्वतन्त्रता संग्राम माना जाता है। यह विद्रोह सफल रहा या नहीं, इसकी प्रति क्या थी, इसका विस्तार व मूल लक्ष्य क्या था, ये सब विषय इतिहासकारों को माथापच्ची कराते रहते हैं, किन्तु यह निर्विवाद है कि इसके बाद से भारत की स्वतंत्रता तक के भारतीय राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन व सशस्त्र संघर्ष में भी, 1857 के विद्रोह ने हमारे क्रांतिकारियों का पथ प्रदर्शन किया है। इस क्रांति में हमारे वीर पुरखों ने तो अपना सर्वस्व बलिदान किया ही, हमारी वीरांगनाओं ने भी जो रोमहर्षक बलिदान किए, जो त्याग किए, और वीरता के जो कीर्तिमान स्थापित किए, वे न केवल भारतीय नारी के लिए, अपितु सम्पूर्ण नारी जाति के लिए भी अनुकरणीय आदर्श प्रस्तुत करते हैं। रानी लक्ष्मीबाई, बेगम हजरत महल, रानी द्रौपदी बाई, अवन्तीबाई लाधो, यदि राज परिवारों की महिलाओं का प्रतिनिधित्व करती हैं तो वीर नारी झलकारी बाई, उदा देवी, अजीजन बाई, आदि वीरांगनाएँ भारत के पिछड़े समाज से आने वाली महिलाओं के गौरव का प्रतीक हैं। |
Pages: 295-300 वैश्विक स्तर पर व्याप्त हिंसा, आतंकवाद, मतभेद, भूखमरी, बढ़ती बेरोजगारी व तनावपूर्ण माहौल में यह प्रश्न उठना स्वाभाविक है कि गाँधी जी के सत्य व अहिंसा पर आधारित दर्शन की आज कितनी प्रासंगिकता है। गाँधी जी के समय भी अनेक लोगों ने उनका मजाक उड़ाया व उनके दर्शन को अप्रासंगिक करार दिया, परन्तु वे यह भूल जाते हैं कि वर्तमान तनावपूर्ण माहौल में जब परमाणु युद्ध का खतरा विश्व पर मंडरा रहा है तो ऐसे में गाँधी दर्शन ही एकमात्र विकल्प बचता है। गाँधी दर्शन की प्रासंगिकता इस तथ्य में भी निहित है कि विश्व के अधिकांश विश्वविद्यालयों में गाँधी दर्शन पर चिंतन मनन हो रहा है। बीसवीं शताब्दी के प्रभावशाली व महान लोगों में नेल्सन मण्डेला, दलाई लामा, मिखाइल गोर्वोच्चोव, मदर टेरेसा, आंग सू की, मार्टिन लूथर किंग जूनियर, अन्ना हजारे व पोलैण्ड के लेख वालेसा इत्यादि के प्रेरणा स्रोत भी गाँधी जी ही रहे हैं। इन्होंने अपने-अपने क्षेत्रों व देशों में गाँधीवादी विचारधारा का उपयोग किया और सफलता प्राप्त की। समय के साथ-साथ गाँधी दर्शन की प्रासंगिकता और बढ़ेगी क्योंकि गाँधी दर्शन मानव की मूलभूत प्रवृत्ति की विवेचना पर आधारित है। |
Pages: 01-04 Bullying has existed in schools for so long. Research into the area however is only decades old. Even though empathy is shown to be a significant predictor of antisocial behaviors including bullying empirical evidence on the links of empathy to school bullying is missing from the scientific literature in Ethiopia. The present study examined whether or not and how adolescents' sex and the two dimensions of empathy: perspective taking, and empathic concern predict bullying. Data were drawn from 404 randomly selected primary school students from Bahir Dar city and Debark town, Ethiopia. The perspective taking and empathic concern subscales from Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) were used to measure the two dimensions of empathy. Whereas, bullying was measured using participant role scale taken from Salmivalli, Lagerspetz, Bjorkqvist, Österman, and Kaukiainen (1996). Multiple Linear Regression was used to analyse data. Results showed that the adjusted R2 was .139 suggesting 14% of the variance in bullying is explained by the combined impact of the predictors. It was also determined that adolescent' sex (β= -.219, t= -4.648, p=.00) perspective taking (β= -.11, t= -2.271, p=.024) and empathic concern (β= -.229, t= -4.727, p=.000) are significant predictors. We concluded that adolescent's sex, perspective taking and empathic concern inhibit bullying behavior. Based on our findings we suggested inter alia that future endeavors to curb bullying should consider the role of empathy. |
Pages: 05-08 Academic dishonesty is a ubiquitous phenomenon that happens in all disciplines at the college level. A serious matter of academic dishonesty, student cuts to the heart of the rationale of higher education. The completed college students may not have the necessary information and proficiency implied by their academic transcript. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between anomie and academic dishonesty of college students. The study was descriptive-correlational in nature and data were collected using anomie scale and academic dishonesty scale through survey method. The sample of the study was 212 college students selected via random sampling technique. Among them 105 was male and 107 was female college students. The results of the study are: a significant positive relationship was found between anomie and academic dishonesty of college students. The study revealed insignificant difference on anomie and academic dishonesty of college students. Implications of the study for educational institutions are discussed. |
Pages: 09-11 Anil Kumar, Ashok Kumar Godara, and Ashok Kumar (Department of Extension Education, COA, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana) The study was conducted in purposively selected Jhajjar districts of Haryana state with selected 33 number of PWPS adopted farmers from this district and an equal number of non beneficiaries adjoining to the beneficiaries' farm were also selected. In this way a total number of 66 respondents i.e. 33 beneficiaries and 33 non-beneficiaries were included in the sample for the study. (A) Technical Constraints: The PWPS adopted respondents reported that This technology only works in less than 8 meters water table and PWPS spare parts are not available in market these were consider to be 1st and 2nd major technical constraints respectively. In the same district for non adopted farmers, It does not works in cold / winter days and This technology only works in less than 8 meter water table these were considered to be 1st and 2nd ranks of technical constraints respectively. (B) Financial Constraints: Less number of PWPS are available on subsidy and High cost of PWPS these both constraints were found to be the most serious financial constraints and were ranked as 1st by the adopted group in the study area. In case of non adopted group, High cost of PWPS was found to be the most serious financial constraint and it was 1st rank and Lack of money to buy a PWPS was considered 2nd rank. (C) Extension Constraints: Lack of package of practices for PWPS irrigation farming system was considered to be the major extension constraint and it was ranked 1st by the adopted farmers. In case of non adopted farmers, Lack of adequate manpower from state extension agencies was found to be the most serious extension constraint and it was 1st rank. |