IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review
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Pages: 469-470 Keith Tuffin,an associate professor of Social Psychology in Massey University, New Zealand has been served as researcher and educator of Social psychology for two decades. Having studied, researched and taught social psychology for twenty years,Tuffinwas able to document some changes that have occurred within the discipline over this time and lastly he came up with his published book entitled as Understanding Critical SocialPsychology. |
Pages: 92-97 Capability to reproduce begins with attainment of puberty which takes place in adolescent period. During this period youth goes through major changes and one such important change is the menarche (on set of menstruation). Menstruation is not only physical process but it constitutes social, cultural, psychological and religious constraints. The present study aims to assess the awareness level and effect of psycho-education program related to menstrual hygiene and HIV transmission in adolescent girls of rural area. Close ended questionnaire consisting of 57 items was designed to assess the knowledge, taboos, and hygiene associated with menstruation. Focus group discussion was conducted to assess and identify the barriers in seeking optimum reproductive health. The sample comprised of 110 girls in the age range of 12-15 years. The results indicate that there are taboos and myths still prevalent related to menstruation and many girls have fear of staining their clothes or changing of pads, thereby resulting into absenteeism from the school. Furthermore t- test was applied to study the effect of psycho education program |
Pages: 98-101 This paper is a quantitative research on household water metering to understand attitudes, particularly, willingness and affordability of the people, to metering in areas which are presently metered and which are yet to be metered. Having separate water meter for each flat/apartment/society, wastage of water can be avoided and water can be saved. If we provide separate water meter to each household and levy the charges according to the water consumed by the household irrespective of the minimum charge for maintaining the common area/lawn, then each household will be reasonably cautious in consumption of water which will result in minimum water wastage. Therefore, the households which do not consume water judiciously will have to pay more, thus establishing a system where liability to pay for the water consumed is based on the intensity of consumption of each household. A change in attitude towards saving water will be visible by bringing in accountability. Therefore, this research tries to examine people's willingness to accept a norm which will make water metering compulsory. This practise will prove to be beneficial in the long run |
Pages: 102-107 Perceived social support is very important factor that can affect mental well-being of an individual. Good and healthy social support is related with positive mental well-being and poor social network leads to severe psychological problems such as chronic stress, depression, anxiety, suicidal tendency and so on. The aim of the current investigation is (a) To study the association between perceived social support and mental well-being of Kashmiri students; and (b) To examine how perceived social support impacts mental well-being of Kashmiri students. The study was performed on a group of one hundred Kashmiri students by using convenience sampling technique. Participants completed the measure of Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale. Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation and Simple Linear Regression Analysis was used to test the results. The results revealed that there was a substantial association between perceived social support and mental well-being |
Pages: 108-118 The present study is aimed at examining the association between the internalizing and externalizing problems on the one hand and socio-demographic variables on the other using a sample of 490 (M=267, F=223) at-risk rural adolescents aged between 11-14 years. The sample was recruited from four rural government schools located in a mid-sized city in South India. The data were collected using the Youth Self Report that provided measures of internalizing and externalizing problems of the adolescents. The socio-demographic details chosen for the study were collected using personal data sheet. ANOVAand correlation analysis were carried out to analyze the data. The findings show that males had higher level of externalizing problems compared to females. Students in class eight had higher internalizing problems compared to those in class seven. Significant differences between the schools included in the study with regard to both internalizing and externalizing problems were found. Those with fathers who were illiterates had greater internalizing problems compared to those whose fathers had middle school level education. Mothers' monthly income was significantly positively correlated with internalizing problems. Family's monthly income was significantly positively correlated with both internalizing and externalizing problems. Academic achievement was significantly positively correlated with externalizing problems in the sample. Factors like age, native place and mother tongue, area of residence, community, religion, father's occupation and income, mother's education, and occupation, and rented/own house were not significantly related to internalizing and externalizing problems. The findings are discussed with implications for future research, practice, and policymaking |
Pages:119-136 Homesickness is experienced by school and college students; professionals, military soldiers, prison inmates, tourists and refugees. Psychologically homesickness can be described as an adjustment disorder with physical, cognitive, behavioural and emotional symptoms. It therefore essentially has three constituents, viz., missing the home environment, adjustment difficulties and associated symptoms. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between homesickness, sense of belongingness and perceived control in a sample of college students away from home using methodological triangulation. The sample constituted of 300 students in the age group of 17- 22 years, who are enrolled in as three-year under-graduate degree program at educational institutions in Delhi. The quantitative phase of the study involved administering the Utrecht Homesickness scale (Van Vliet, 2001); Sense of Belongingness Inventory-Psychological (Hagerty & Patusky, 1995); Spheres of Control Scale version 3 (Paulhus, 1983); and COPE inventory (Carver, Scheier, & Weintraub, 1989) followed by trend analysis, co-relational analysis, MANOVA and multiple regression analysis, using SPSS 16.0. The next phase involved analysing the outliers in greater depth and detail by means of a qualitative interview using Interpretative Phenomenological Approach. Empirical data analysis suggests that a significant declining trend was observed in the progression of homesickness over the course of three years corresponding to an increase in the personal control, interpersonal control, socio-political control and sense of belonging. A significant negative correlation was observed between homesickness and personal control, interpersonal control, socio-political control and sense of belonging. Furthermore, prominent coping strategies used by the subjects in an attempt to deal with homesickness were explored using frequency analysis. The qualitative data obtained highlighted some important aspects pertaining to the progression of homesickness, barriers to perceived control, use and evolution of coping strategies over the course of 3 years of staying away from home. |
Pages: 137-142 Considering local integration of Rohingyas, this study tries to uphold that, while providing humanitarian support to stateless Rohingyas. Bangladesh's disquietude is partly motivated by internal security threats creating the ambiance in Cox's Bazar more challengeable for the humanitarian workers to work on. Further, the challenges Bangladesh is facing while aiding the Rohingyas can be overcome by leveraging native actors and astringency as well as by providing context-specific and sustainable aid. Finally this paper guides with appraisal of recommendations for the humanitarian aid providers to hold their responsibilities in confronting the challenges that lies ahead in the humanitarian field. |
Pages: 143-147 |
Pages: 148-151 The study examines crop insurance and its associated risk. The farmers experience production risks, marketing risks related to different crop enterprises for different agro-climatic regions and areas. Further, this study argues the need for crop insurance as a medium to manage production risk and historical overview of crop insurance products. This study in the last focusing on the risk identification in crops by weather or monsoon and other unavoidable factors like damage due to the attack of pests and diseases. And it also describesthe crop insurance schemes with a comparative analysis. |
Pages: 152-157 In India reproductive health is a major concern especially in economically weak families belonging to scheduled caste (SC). The present study is aimed at drawing a systematic factual knowledge about the socio-economic conditions and reproductive health profile of rural women of Chasi village of district Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh, India. A total of 100 married women of age group: 15-45 years, were interviewed using schedule/guide and purposive sampling method. Majority (82%) of the women were housewives and half (52%) were illiterate. Monthly family income of 70% of the respondents was between Rs. 5001 to Rs. 10,000/-. More than half (60%) of respondents were married in early age group of 15-20 year whereas 35% respondents were married in age group of 21-25 years. Majority (55%) of the respondents gave birth to the first child in early age of 15-20 years and 65% respondents have 3-5 children. 55% of the respondents found sources of consultation treatment in government hospital. Significant number (40%) of respondents were found to have consulted made (Dai) and most of (60%) the deliveries have been conducted at home by untrained Dai. A half of the respondents felt weakness during prenatal period.40% of respondents suffered from lower abdominal pain, 30% respondents suffered from several headache and 25% of respondents suffered from back pain, swelling stitches pain or infection. However,40% of the respondents told that their babies were normal during prenatal period, 25% of respondents have experienced the premature delivery. It was observed that a large number of respondents (46%) take the rest of one month after delivery and one third (29%) respondents take the rest for only 15 days after delivery. This study reveals that the majority of the women lack proper care, consultation and hygiene before, during and after the child birth. This study strongly recommends the formulation and implementation of emphatic strategies to improve reproductive status of women in rural areas. |
Pages: 158-160 Identity refers to the constellation of one's goals, values and beliefs to feelings of solidarity with groups to which one belongs, or to roles that one plays within the larger social structure. Afirmly established identity provides a sense of uniqueness to an individual. Parents act as a primary socialization agent in a family who may enhance or deteriorate identity development of adolescents through their way of nurturing. Self-concept also plays a major role in identity formation of adolescents where, an individual with a clear sense of self and positive outlook possess unique identity. Various theories have also been proposed regarding self-concept, parenting and identity development, viz.,Higgins's self-discrepancy theory, Self-determination theory, Super's self-concept theory, Nanoanalytical theory, Attachment theory etc. Intervention programmes also proves to be effective in enhancing adolescents selfconcepts and identity development. |
Pages: 161-165 The authors reviewed the educational feminism theory to examine how it has helped gender treating initiatives of Ethiopian science teachers. By so doing, the findings show that Marxist and Radical feminism theories were ineffective to achieve gender equality in the instructional process of the nation. Most of the activities of Marxist feminists focused on educating people about the dominant ideology. Radical feminism also preferred to achieve a gender context school environment by following a separatist principle that enforced both men and women to have detached institutions and relationships. However, treating females by isolating them from males may develop a sense of inferiority complex among females - they may perceive themselves as weak to learn science than males. Accordingly, the reviewers considered the liberal feminism as an imperative theory that helps teachers to treat gender in their instructional endeavors. The theory seeks to level the playing instructional field that would allow girls to have the same opportunities as boys. Therefore, Ethiopia has to use this liberal feminism theory to strengthen its motives for achieving gender reflective instructional practices. |
Pages: 166-169 COVID-19 pandemic has become an issue of international emergency. Newly available data from China, Europe, USAand India provides insight on this disease, its epidemiology and pathophysiology. These insights may guide in formulating strategies and interventions to contain and manage the outbreak. Pneumonia cases caused by novel beta corona virus first emerged in Wuhan, China in the end of 2019.This outbreak has brought the importance of analyzing the epidemiological data on the virus, its spread as well as on prediction of its spread, risk factors and outcomes. Based on the available data and published evidence, we systematically discuss the characteristics of COVID-19 for providing a reference for future studies and to find out ways for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. |
Pages: 170-174 Personality and Criminal thinking styles have been studied globally along with other psychosocial variables as predictors of offending behavior. There are very few research evidences are available that have been carried out to see the association between personality and criminal thinking styles in offenders. Criminal thinking style is defined by Walters (2006b) as a“content, matter of thought and a process leading to the initiation and maintenance of behavior characterized by the habitual violation of the law”. “Personality is defined as a dynamic organization, inside the person, of psychophysical systems that create the person's characteristic patterns of behavior, thoughts and feelings” (Allport, 1961). Yochelson and Samenow's Criminal Personality Theory emphasizes on the role of thinking error in criminal or offending behavior based on their idea of free will. Walters' Criminal Lifestyle Theory too further on highlighted the importance of thinking in criminality by incorporating three independent factors; external factor (condition), decision making process (choice) and mindset (cognition). This article is, therefore, an attempt to study personality and criminal thinking styles in offenders, and how it can have an effect on offending behavior. The description of the variables of personality and criminal thinking styles is elaborated in light with the existing appropriate theoretical model. Findings of different empirical studies conducted by researchers to understand personality factors and their association with criminal thinking styles in offenders are incorporated. The implications of the study have been highlighted as well. |
Pages: 175-178 Psychological correlates of a pandemic- COVID-19. Hoarding groceries to ostracizing our neighbors, COVID-19 has succeeded in seeping through the physical barrier to the psychological realm of our community. As we continue to combat the pandemic which has now been the cause of over 2 lakh deaths word-wide, it is imperative that we understand the emotional responses of the masses through a pandemic. The coronavirus, and the measures taken by public health authorities to control the spread of the virus, results in a range of emotional reactions such as social isolation, loneliness, fear, stigma, anxiety consequently leading to fear driven behaviors such as hoarding. Aim of the present study is to understand any psychological outcomes of the coronavirus and the measures used to attenuate its spread. Scientific literature published in the last 20 years, available on google scholar search engine have been reviewed. The pandemic causes profound psychological impact on the psyche of the masses and its important that these psychological correlates of the coronavirus are addressed by the health care system, in the process of treating the novel coronavirus. |
Pages: 179-181 Mental health is an important part of well-being. Mental health and physical health complement each other and is highly correlated. In India researchers have been studying mental health and its correlates for the last three decades rigorously. The objective of this review is to identify and sort out studies that has been conducted in India concerning mental health of Indian women and its correlates (sociological & economic status, job pressure & marital status). These studies are focused wholly on women of India (working & non-working). This piece of research gave us a direction and identified the gap and work to fill it through researches. Studies especially focused on women's mental health (working & non-working) have been lacking behind and needs to pick up the pace at par with the other specified researches. |
Pages: 182-187 The objective of the present study was to find out the relationship among stress, social networking addiction and stress coping techniques among adolescents in Bihar (India) and their differences across gender. A sample of 100 adolescents (50 boys & 50 girls) was selected through incidental-cum-purposive sampling method. The data was collected from a school of Patna (Bihar). The Stress Scale, Social Networking Addiction Scale and Stress Coping Technique Scale were used for data collection. The Mean, SD, Coefficient of Correlation and t-ratio were computed for testing the hypotheses. The obtained results revealed that there were positive correlations between stress and social networking addiction, and between social networking addiction and adaptive coping style. The results showed no significant difference in stress, social networking addiction, and stress coping techniques across gender |
Pages: 188-191 Eras have come, and eras have gone, but the dilemma of women is not likely to change. Time has helplessly examined women suffering in the form of discrimination, exploitation, degradation, humiliation etc. From the last decade's crime data, we see sharp number of crimes recorded under cruelty by husband and his relatives. It also seems that the same category has had the most dramatic increase over the years. In this regarding, the study was conducted on 200 rural women in Kurukshetra district of Haryana state. Information were collected from 12 villages with well-structured interview schedule as per objectives of the study. It was found that more than two-third of the respondents (71.0%) were conscious about reservation of seat for women in Panchayats, followed by prohibition of discrimination based on caste, sex, religion and place of birth (64.5%) and provision of maternity relief (59.0%). It was also found that more than two-fifth of the respondents (63.0%) were aware about the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 followed by dowry prohibition act (57.5%) and the medical termination of pregnancy (54.0%).It was also advocated that create healthy environment for women and girls everywhere by supporting exertions to end violence against them. |
Pages: 192-195 Parents as primary caregivers usually play a very important role in the lives of their children. Although taking care of their children as caregivers is an unexpected “career” with twists and turns. Caring for a child with a disability can impose parents with multiple strains usually due to health problems, financial demands , time demands, and a snag of social participation, such as a working career. Due to the difficult situations faced by the parents having kids with disability can lead to mental health issues in parents. To measure the spiritual intelligence and emotional competence in the parents having children with special needs and parents having children without special needs. To measure the spiritual intelligence and emotional competence in the parents having children with special needs and parents having children without special needs. Parents having children with special needs, (N= 50) and Parents having children without special needs, (N = 50) .Scales used: Spiritual Intelligence scale (Mishra) and Emotional Competence Scale (Bharadwaj) T test was used to measure the scores. With the awareness of the importance of mental health issues, the health care providers will pay more attention toward the mental health of the parents, especially in the cases of having poor social support, and low income family. Further researches should be done in order to examine the child's disease and disability, the use of medical service, and quality and amount of social support, nationwide to rectify the system for providing support services to both children with disabilities and their Cgs. |
Pages: 196-199 The study examines the Precaution Measures and behavior by the college students to protect from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Tamil Nadu context. The selected data were further categorized into college students who hailing from rural and urban area. Sixteen precautionary measures were given to students to answer and factor analysis is applied to predict the measures followed by the students. The results exhibited that majority of the students are using the smartphone during the lockdown period to spend their time. They are giving importance to the Respiratory Hygiene but giving less importance to Staying in Home to obey the Government Rule. |
Pages: 200-204 Women empowerment is the buzz word around the world, when it comes to ensuring women get equal opportunities as compared to men. This excitement around the topic is because of the potential women possess to contribute immensely to the development of society. This is because if a woman is empowered, then it is linked to the sustainable development in the entire world. Therefore, women empowerment has become important topic in the development of the nation. In order to make the nation developed, it is always necessary to develop both the halves of the population equally, i.e., the nation must ensure that both men and women are provided equal access to resources and opportunities to reach the ultimate goal of development. Empowering women means giving power to woman to take decisions at her own level in economic, political and all other dimensions of life. In order to empower women it is necessary to understand the ill practices followed by the society against women in male dominated Indian society. By and large they are discriminated against, suffer neglect, denied rights and violated in every possible way including getting killed even before they are born. The successive governments have been paying special attention to achieve the objectives of women empowerment. The government of India and Punjab has started so many programmes for the upliftment of the women. Ministry of women and child development has also started many schemes/programmes for the welfare of women. The governments have to be careful about not letting these schemes use women as only posters for the schemes. The women must be actual beneficiaries and for this the women themselves need to come forward and start coming out of the shadows of their family members. The schemes discussed in this paper clearly showed that govt. is providing all the help to women in order to achieve community, organizational, economic, political and psychological empowerment. Along with the governments it is our responsibility to be open-minded and change the mindset of the society by providing equal opportunities to women so that she performs well in all spheres of life. Keeping above points in mind, this paper made an attempt to analyze the need for women empowerment and various schemes launched by the state government for the benefit of women using secondary data sources. |
Pages: 205-211 The objective of this study was to analyze the differences in behavior between groups of buffalo heifers reared in loose vrs. barn housing systems and fed on green and hay fodder during the autumn and hot season, to supplement the information for guidance of farmers on how to better manage their animals, increase thermal comfort and improve the feed conversion efficiency with efficient feed utilization. Twenty female buffalo heifers of about 12- 15monthsage were selected from the buffalo herd under Buffalo Research Centre, Department of Livestock Production and Management, College of Animal Sciences, CCS Haryana Agricultural University (LUVAS), Hisar. The animals were divided into four groups of 5 each based upon their average body weight and age. The experiment was installed for a period of 120 days (February 1 to May 31)to compare the effect of two housing and two feeding systems which were comprised of 4 treatment groups viz.: T1:Conventional barn + Hay and Concentrate mixture, T2: Conventional barn + Seasonal green fodder and Concentrate mixture,T :Loose housing + Seasonal 3 green fodder & Concentrate mixture, T : Loose housing + Hay and Concentrate mixture.Ingestion, rumination and 4 resting time in day and total time was significantly (P |
Pages: 212-214 Increased life expectancy and the prospect of longevity lead to indication on an importance of spirituality while aging. This article aims to study and analyze the concepts related to older people linked with spirituality and how this concept affects their quality of life leads to healthier life. Spirituality supports healthy and productive relationships with various aspects of life, like mental and physical security as well as social security and life enjoy menton the full quality oflife among elderly. Spiritual viewpoint has become a very important aspect among the elderly citizens because of physical illness, disability, loss of loved ones, loneliness, depression, anxiety and mortality during oldage.Importanceofspiritualityandaginghasincreaseddue tophysical andemotional as well as social well-being. |
Pages: 215-218 Like in any relationship conflicts occur in marriage too. This happens when the needs and wishes of spouses deviate and are thus not compatible. Conflicts impact everyone involved in it. This study focuses on studying the impact of marital conflict (domestic violence & substance abuse) on children and also to propose strength based interventions to help children impacted by marital conflict. Marital conflicts have a severe impact on the children and studies have found that these children frequently fall ill. The conflict also affects their ability to have positive romantic relationships; they also tend to have poor interpersonal skills, problem-solving abilities, and social competence, thus impacting their social skills and behavior. Lastly, the psychological impact includes low self-esteem, mood disturbances, aggression and rage; among a range of others things. |
Pages: 219-222 Certainly, society should not expect discipline, peace and security and the establishment of justice, unless the people of society are aware of the religious disputants and if they do not consider them to be the guiding light of their lives.On the contrary, the realization of all kinds of disorder and non-religious and inhumane acts, such as oppression, and the right to freedom, were foreseen in various ways in society. Because of the oppression and the pervasive right to live in our environment, in a way that neither the life of a Muslim is safe nor his property and honor. Due to the importance of this issue and the needs of our Islamic community, it was necessary to publish a scholarly article in this regard, where I discussed the divine power (worldly oppression & its consequences in terms of Islamic law). The purpose of this research is to explain the concept of cruel and criticize of this inhumane treatment and behavior from the prospective of the Islamic Shari'ah and ways to prevent it in order to inform our dear compatriots. So this is a descriptive and analytical study which is done in the confines of books and libraries. The result of this research is that oppression and the violation of the rights of others, including life, property and honor, will destroy the good of one's actions unless the oppressor repents and apologizes to the oppressed and receives his consent. |