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Pages: 325-329
Nitasha Khehra and Srishti Jaju (Department of Psychology, MCM DAV College for Women, Chandigarh)

Adler proposed that ordinal position in siblings and socialization pattern in family constellation may predict psychopathology, personality characteristics and behavior of the individual. However, birth order research has always been controversial and few studies conducted did not specifically examine its effect as an independent risk factor in youth mental health conditions. The present investigation explores the impact of birth order on borderline personality features, depression, self monitoring behaviour and deliberate self harm in college students. A non clinical sample comprising of 101 undergraduate students (males & females) was drawn from Chandigarh region within the age range of 18-21 years. Assessment tools employed include Borderline Symptom List, Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, Self Monitoring Scale and Inventory of Statements about Self Injury (ISAS). Revealed that First born college students scored significantly higher compared to Last born group in Borderline Personality features, Self Monitoring and domains of Self Injurious behaviour including Interpersonal Boundaries, Self Punishment, Anti Suicide and Interpersonal Influence. Correlation analysis in the First born group showed a significant positive association between borderline personality symptomatology and sub domains of self injurious behaviour. There also exists a significant positive relationship between depression and self monitoring, interpersonal boundaries, sensation seeking and peer bonding. As a preliminary attempt, our study provides evidence for the significant impact of birth order on psychopathology in college students in domains of borderline personality features, self-injurious behavior and self monitoring which warrants the need to address family structure and dynamics in etiology and psychosocial management of personality disorders.
Pages: 325-329 Nitasha Khehra and Srishti Jaju (Department of Psychology, MCM DAV College for Women, Chandigarh)
Pages: 316-324
Akancha Srivastava (Indian Institute of Management, Indore, Madhya Pradesh)
K. Ramachandran and A. Suresh (Defence Institute of Psychological Research R & D Organization, Ministry of Defence, Timarpur, Delhi)

Owing to its positive impact, employee engagement has been widely studied across different countries. Survey reports and researches have shown that level of engagement are increasing universally but shifting across regions. Within countries employee engagement is heavily influenced by the organizational culture and the demographics of the work force. In an attempt to find out the status of employee engagement in India, this paper endeavors to find out the type of work which is being carried in India in the field of engagement. The article presents reflective viewpoints of some of the definitions of employee engagement, thereby exploring the empirical and conceptual work on employee engagement. With the help of annual reports, of Nifty 50 we explored the Indian companies where employee engagement is being practiced as business strategy. Subsequently, we studied the sectors with in which employee engagement is being practiced.
Pages: 316-324 Akancha Srivastava (Indian Institute of Management, Indore, Madhya Pradesh) K. Ramachandran and A. Suresh (Defence…
Pages: 312-315
Mamta Tripathi (Post Doctoral Research Fellow, Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta )
Nachiketa Tripathi (Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati)

The present study made an attempt to explore the knowledge management processes and the role of contextual variables in Indian research and development organizations. The present paper aims to focus on various knowledge management processes practiced in research oriented organizations from the organizational culture perspective. A qualitative methodology was employed in the present study. An interview schedule consisting of 23 different items was developed by the authors to conduct in-depth interviews of 30 (Male = 25, Female = 5) individuals who belonged to upper echelon (senior scientists and consultants), aged 27 years to 65 years (mean age = 51.43 years) from 11 Indian research intensive organizations across 3 cities. Content analysis displayed some themes. For instance, sharing of information and expertise took place in most of the research and development organizations at both levels, individual and organizational; more emphasis was given to collaborative research and interdisciplinary ventures. Further it was found that documentation and retrieval of knowledge were given due importance in most of the organizations and various ways were adopted of maintaining it. Besides that, the results also revealed that organizational culture played vital role in influencing knowledge management processes. Organizational culture present in these research intensive organizations principally laid emphasis on inter-disciplinary exchanges, openness, leader accessibility, transparency, trust, etc. Moreover, knowledge management processes were found to have positive impact on performance and profitability. This study has several implications for research and development organizations. It also makes significant contributions to both the knowledge management and organizational culture literatures.
Pages: 312-315 Mamta Tripathi (Post Doctoral Research Fellow, Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta ) Nachiketa Tripathi (Department…
Pages: 308-311
Vali Sheykhali (M.A student of Behavioral Sciences (Preschool Education), Arsanjan Branch Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)
Jahangir Mehr Afsha and Firouz Rezaian (Department of Educational Sciences, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)

In the past it was believed that Consider totally silent and apathetic and inactive, classroom learning is real. But now the teachers suggested the methods that are used Students are invited to express opinions and engage in learning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of participatory teaching methods Compared with traditional teaching methods Academic achievement of girls and boys in the sixth year of primary school English language is Abadeh Tashk area. With a semi-empirical and the sample of male and female students In the 2013-2014 school year and the number was 415.Samples were 46.Which were selected by simple random sampling. The subjects were divided randomly into control and experimental groups. After the implementation of participatory teaching methods and traditional Groups by self-made achievement test Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was calculated with 87% the reliability is high. It was a 20-question multiple-choice exam. The different levels of listening-comprehension-reading and grammar to be assessed. For data analysis using spss software Descriptive statistics of the measurement frequency, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics to determine significant relationship between the variables listed T test method is used. Results indicate that the achievement levels of boys and girls who have been trained in participatory methods there is a significant difference (Average Boys 17/27 Girls 19/33 t = 1/99 and 25% significance level). And achievement rates between boys and girls that trained with traditional method. There are differences Significant.(Average Boys 15/07, Girls 19/3 t = 3/06 Significance level of % .003)
Pages: 308-311 Vali Sheykhali (M.A student of Behavioral Sciences (Preschool Education), Arsanjan Branch Islamic Azad University…
Pages: 300-307
Samvedna Sharma (Psychology Student, University of Jammu, Jammu)

Community violence is recognized a significant public health problem. Exposure to family and community violence is linked with posttraumatic stress symptoms and difficulties in academic motivation in adolescents. The present study aimed to examine the post traumatic stress disorder symptom (PTSD), impairment functioning of PTSD Symptoms and academic motivation of Grade 8th and Grade 10th students (boys and girls) residing in Jammu city. A cross-sectional data of 160 students i.e. 80 for grade 8th& 80 for grade 10th, were selected through purposive sampling. Results have shown significant difference on PTSD symptoms between Grade 8th and Grade 10th students. It was also found that Grade 8th girls and Grade 10th boys have PTSD symptoms and Impairment functioning, as well as high Achievement motivation . No other significant difference was found. Keeping these figures in mind we need to focus on those factors those help to recover and motivate the adolescents in spite of exposure to chronic adversity.
Pages: 300-307 Samvedna Sharma (Psychology Student, University of Jammu, Jammu)
Pages: 293-299
Sumandeep Brar (Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Rajasthan)
Agya Jit Singh (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala)

The purpose of the present study was to measure some selected personality traits and adjustment problems of the female criminals. It was also the aim to study the relationship between the adjustment problems and personality traits of introversion/extraversion and neuroticism of female criminals. It was hypothesised that significant relationship would be established between the adjustment problems and the personality traits of female criminals. In order to achieve these objectives, 200 female prisoners from Patiala Central Jail and Ludhiana Women' Jail were administered three inventories;i,e; (i) Neuroticism and Introversion-Extroversion Inventory by Muhar, Bhatia & Kapoor; (ii) Bell's Adjustment Inventory adapted by Dr. Ojha and (iii) Marital Adjustment Questionnaire by Kumar & Rohatgi. The results of the study reveal that (i) female prisoners are neurotic and extrovert, but most of these were maladjusted, (ii) positive relationship has been found between neuroticism and adjustment; but not with marital adjustment. Introversion-extroversion has no relationship with adjustment and marital adjustment of the female prisoners; (iii) adjustment of the female prisoners has positive relationship with personality traits and marital adjustment, (iv) marital adjustment has no relationship with personality traits but has a positive and significant relationship with all areas of general adjustment.
Pages: 293-299 Sumandeep Brar (Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Rajasthan) Agya Jit Singh (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University…
Pages: 287-292
Barnas Sabunga, Dasim Budimansyah, Sofyan Sauri, and Achmad Sanusi (General Education Studies Program, School of Postgraduate Studies, Universitas Pendidikan, Indonesia)

The purpose of this research is to explore, examine and identify the transformation of character values through wayang performance. The study focuses on Sunarya version which comprise of four aspects: 1) values present in wayang performance, 2) character values intended to transform the audience, 3) conditions that can reinforce moral values, and 4) suitability of learning experiences delivered through wayang performance. The study uses grounded theory methods that provide opportunities for the discovery of new theories. The data was processed and analyzed by means of interviews with puppeteers, academics, puppetry organization and audience, observation of puppet shows, and document review. The values of characters are presented through wayang performance based on the values of monotheism in regard to six systems value of life which include: theology, physiology, ethics, aesthetics, and logic.
Pages: 287-292 Barnas Sabunga, Dasim Budimansyah, Sofyan Sauri, and Achmad Sanusi (General Education Studies Program, School…
Pages: 282-286
Sandeep Kaur (Himalayan University, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh)
Agyajit Singh (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala)

The main purpose of the study was to find out the gender differences on emotional intelligence and emotional maturity of the high school students. It was also the aim of the study to establish a relationship between the emotional intelligence and emotional maturity of the school students. For it, two tests i.e.; Mangal test's Emotional Intelligence and Yashvir Singh and Bhargava's test of Emotional Maturity were administered to 400 high school students, The results of the study show that on emotional intelligence male and female students differed significantly; and male students had more emotional intelligence. The females were better on self motivation and empathy whereas the males were better on social skills. On the emotional maturity variable, significant differences were found on the basis of gender of the students, where the males were more emotionally matured. There is a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and emotional maturity.
Pages: 282-286 Sandeep Kaur (Himalayan University, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh) Agyajit Singh (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala)
Pages: 277-281
Gouri Sharma (Institute of Teacher Education, Pt. R.S.U, Raipur, Chhattisgarh)

Present study aimed at investigating the role of classroom environment parental education, income and institution on academic achievement. For this purpose initially, 200 student Studying in different private and government school of Raipur district of Chhattisgarh state were selected randomly as sample. To measure the academic achievement of the student, the overall marks obtained by the student in different subjects (viz., Hindi, English, maths, science, environmental science, & social science) in annual examination was used. The dependent variable of the study is academic achievement and independent variable were classroom environment parental Education, income and type of school .To analyze the data descriptive statistics , product moment correlation coefficient and regression analysis technique were used. The results showed that parents' education income, institution and rule clarity (sub dimension of classroom environment) had a significant positive correlation with students' academic achievement. The result of multiple regression analysis found affiliation, rule clarity and income as a good predictor of students' academic achievement
Pages: 277-281 Gouri Sharma (Institute of Teacher Education, Pt. R.S.U, Raipur, Chhattisgarh)
Pages: 271-276
Neeta Sinha (School o Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat)

Industry estimates suggest that there are more than 1,300 business schools in India and these business schools produce an estimated 120,000 graduates every year (Shahaida, January 2009: 58). Thus in this competitive scenario the students had to strive very hard to be 'market ready' which led to an increase in the perceived stress levels of management students. It is in this context that the study of stress becomes imperative among the students of Management. Academic stress among college students has been a topic of interest for many years. Students' experience of anxiety and stress during their college years may be imperative for their overall functioning as well as their academic performance. Many variables like academic pressure, financial concerns, social obligations, peer pressure etc. may be related to the academic-related stress experienced by college students. It is generally believed that females are able to manage their stress levels better. Emotional Intelligence (EI) too is believed to have a significant influence on stress. The objective of the study is to probe whether Emotional Intelligence and Gender play any role in influencing the Stress levels of Management Students. Data was collected from B Schools across India. Sample size was 1013. Two stage stratification sampling was done. The scale used to measure Stress levels of students is Organizational Role Stress (ORS) (Pareek 1983). The scale used to measure Emotional Intelligence of students is EIS Inventory developed by Upinder Dhar (2002). Results revealed that EI or Gender do not have a significant influence on the stress levels of students. However there is an inverse negative correlation between EI and stress. Both males and females experience stress through the levels may vary on various dimensions.
Pages: 271-276 Neeta Sinha (School o Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat)
Pages: 263-270
Muhamad Parhan, Sofyan Sauri, Abdi Majid, and A. Juntika Nurihsan (Program of General Education, School of Postgraduate Studies, Universitas Pendidikan, Indonesia)

The present article intends to present a contextual teaching and learning model that can be applied in the teaching of prayer in Islamic religious education. The essence of prayer is promoting understanding. Through a contextual learning model, there will emerge understanding and easier applicability of religious virtues based on clear knowledge. The author uses mixed methods, where data has been collected through participatory observation, documentation study, in-depth interview, and through questionnaires. It has been revealed that with the use of a contextual teaching and learning model to teach Islamic education, there is improved knowledge and understanding of the religious values. This can be evidenced from the students' improvement in the application of the learnt prayer knowledge in their daily life. Using a contextual teaching and learning model can make learning more realistic, concrete, actual, enjoyable, and meaningful, because students are actively engaged in the development of learning materials which are application to real life situation. The authors conclude by recommending that this learning model sould be applied to facilitate the teaching of religious virtues and practices in schools.
Pages: 263-270 Muhamad Parhan, Sofyan Sauri, Abdi Majid, and A. Juntika Nurihsan (Program of General Education…
Pages: 255-262
Abdullah Malik and Bushan D. Sudhakar (Department of International Business, School of Management, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry)

The engagement of sports celebrities as the expression of marketing communications strategy has now become the practice of the companies in positioning of the brand in the consumers' mental space. Firms are making huge investments in hiring sports celebrities for juxtaposing brands and building organizations with endorser's source based qualities such as source trustworthiness, source attractiveness and source expertise in order to retain memory space of consumers, which is bombarded by thousands of adverts at a time. These qualities may operate in a transferable way and make optimistic effects. But the qualities of the celebrities at times may be inappropriate, irrelevant, and unwanted, which may make a hue and cry to the stigma and the firm in the positioning of the brand. In the current study, the factors of sports celebrity endorsement were employed as the stimuli to affect the brand positioning in order to measure customer purchase behavioural intention as the outcome.
Pages: 255-262 Abdullah Malik and Bushan D. Sudhakar (Department of International Business, School of Management, Pondicherry…
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