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Pages: 190-194
Mohammad Hasan Rezaei and Alireza Remezanpour (Department of Educational Sciences, Darab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Darab, Iran)

The purpose of this study was to investigate some family and environmental factors affecting entrepreneurial orientation of university students. To this end, a sample of 580 students (295 females and 285 males) were selected using multistage cluster sampling technique from seven branches of Islamic Azad University including Marvdasht, Shiraz, Darab, Fasa, Lamerd, Jahrom and Firoozabad branches. The instrument used to collect the data was Kordnaeej's (2007) Entrepreneurs' Personality Traits Questionnaire that was administered to the respondents after ensuring its reliability and validity. The result of the study showed that the mean scores of the respondents on entrepreneurial approaches were higher than average and at an optimal level for the whole questionnaire and its all components except for ambiguity tolerance. In addition, no significant difference was found in the entrepreneurial approaches used by the respondents in terms of their parents' jobs and education level. However, such differences were significant in terms of parents' income and entrepreneurial orientations. In other words, the groups with higher income levels and entrepreneur parents showed more entrepreneurial orientations. It was also found that there was no significant difference between the respondents with and without entrepreneur friends. Besides, the place of residence in city or village had no impact on the respondents' entrepreneurial orientations.

Pages: 190-194Mohammad Hasan Rezaei and Alireza Remezanpour (Department of Educational Sciences, Darab Branch, Islamic Azad…

Pages: 183-189
Habtamu Kebu Gemeda (Adama Science & Technology University, Division of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences, Adama, Ethiopia)

The present study investigated the influences and web of interactions of selected experiential, learning, personality and motivational factors on business students' entrepreneurial career intentions. The selected factors include: prior exposure to entrepreneurship, perceived learning from entrepreneurship related courses, risk propensity, gender, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy belief. Sixty three (44 males and 19 females) full time two-year Master of Business Administration final year students in the academic year of 2010/11 in Department of Commerce and Management studies, Andhra University, who selected using simple random and stratified random sampling techniques fill in self-report questionnaire consisting of various scales and provided consumable data. To analyse the collected data percentage, Pearson product momentum correlation, linear regression analysis, and path analysis were employed. The analyses uncovered the followings: i. among variables considered, risk propensity, prior exposure to entrepreneurship, and perceived formal learning from entrepreneurship related courses found out to be important determinants of entrepreneurial self-efficacy belief, ii. entrepreneurial self-efficacy belief, prior exposure to entrepreneurship, and risk propensity had important direct influence on students' entrepreneurial career intentions and, iii. entrepreneurial self-efficacy belief partly mediated the influences of risk propensity and prior exposure to entrepreneurship, and fully mediated the influence of perceived formal learning from entrepreneurship related courses on entrepreneurial career intentions. Implications of the findings discussed.

Pages: 183-189Habtamu Kebu Gemeda (Adama Science & Technology University, Division of Liberal Arts & Social…

Pages: 178-182
Gagan Deep (Department of Communication Management and Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana)

“Media” has penetrated very deep in the lives of human beings. This penetration is digging more with the continuous growth of information communication and technology. All the media today are trying their best to gratify the specific needs of their consumers. Few media are perceived more helpful than others in their special ways of interacting with people and the content they offer. But, the beauty of existence of a particular medium lies in the fact that it can't be replaced by any other medium. So presently, all the media are growing, keeping in mind their own targets. Here, apart from all the traditional and new media, radio catches our attention because of its all changed come back after the advent of FM culture. Further, the FM radio is increasingly popular among its prime target group of young masses. The present paper tells us the importance of radio for its prime target group in comparison to other main stream media.

Pages: 178-182Gagan Deep (Department of Communication Management and Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and…

Pages: 175-177
Sunila Dhir (HCE, Mandola, Bhiwani, Haryana)

A major change the developing countries face today is of creating an environment conducive to the culture, economic and social development of their people. The modern world is using education increasingly as an instrument for all round development. The quality of manpower in any country ultimately determines the sustainable well being of its people.

Pages: 175-177Sunila Dhir (HCE, Mandola, Bhiwani, Haryana)

Pages: 169-174
Pankaj Kumar (Department of Commerce, Government College, Barwala, Hisar, Haryana)

The role of advertisement in today's fast changing economic and social scenario hardly needs to be emphasised. Every entrepreneur, big or small adheres to some kind of publicity. It may be well planned, organised or just a common passing phase. This very important tool in the marketing mix of any organisation has been approached through various paths and traditions which have continuously been changing. The approaches adopted in advertisements have given them sometimes customary and traditional look and sometimes the presentations appear to be wearing a distinct and fresh look which is well taken not only by the consumers but by general public too. The various studies and researches have undoubtedly revealed positive impact of advertisement on customer's mind and have supported advertisement as a very important demand push factors. The present paper highlights on understanding advertisement and consumer behaviours.

Pages: 169-174Pankaj Kumar (Department of Commerce, Government College, Barwala, Hisar, Haryana)

Pages: 164-168
Brinda B. Sharma (Centre for Studies in Behavioural Science, Dibrugarh University, Assam)

Anxious expectations of rejection in high rejection sensitive individuals serve as a self-fulfilling prophecy due to their maladjusted interpersonal behaviour. Karen Horney's theory of personality contends that the culture in which individuals are reared is primarily responsible for the development of their personality and their resultant adjustment or maladjustment. Rejection Sensitivity (RS) has been theorized to originate from early attachment and is associated with loneliness, over conformity or withdrawal and defensive anxiety etc. in adolescents and adults. Horney also stressed the importance of human relationships and believed that neurotic trends in ones personality not only reinforced each other but also created conflicts. These conflicts encompass contradictory attitudes towards the self and contradictory sets of values. The patchworks generated by inner rifts may explain the behavioural tendencies and outcomes in Rejection Sensitivity. The article explores how Horney's theory accounts for the phenomenological experiences in Rejection Sensitivity and its linkages with empirical results are analyzed. Research on the outcomes in Rejection Sensitivity has revealed that high rejection sensitive individuals exhibit over compliance, aggression and withdrawal which can be explained in light of Horney's basic conflict between the attitudes of “moving towards”, “moving against” and “moving away from” people. However Horney highlighted the hope for psychological salvation and thus the theory is also examined to illuminate the mechanisms of coping in Rejection Sensitivity. A further line of research was suggested involving an understanding of self to counter the negative feedback loop in Rejection Sensitivity.

Pages: 164-168Brinda B. Sharma (Centre for Studies in Behavioural Science, Dibrugarh University, Assam)

Pages: 161-163
Kiran Maheshwari (Department of Psychology, Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phoole Univeristy, Jaipur, Rajasthan)
Bhanwar Singh (Department of Psychology, Pacific University, Udaipur, Rajasthan)

We conducted descriptive research, to measuring the gender differences based on social development in primary school children in Jaipur. 320 primary school children participated in this study (160 girls and 160 boys). The Primary school social skills questionnaire has been applied in two forms of girls and boys. 160 girls and 160 boys answered the questionnaire. The result showed from the viewpoint of the children's that there existed significant difference in social skills between boys and girls , the social skills were generally higher in girls. Moreover, the cooperation index was higher in girls whereas, there was no significant difference in attitude towards adults between girls and boys from the viewpoint of the social development.

Pages: 161-163Kiran Maheshwari (Department of Psychology, Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phoole Univeristy, Jaipur, Rajasthan)Bhanwar Singh (Department…

Pages: 156-160
Sradhanjali Mishra (Department of Personnel Management and Industrial Relation, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha)

In leadership we see morality magnified and the study of human relationship. It includes the personal challenges of authenticity, self interest, self discipline, moral obligations related to justice, duty, competence and common good. The emerging issues in leadership today are the conspicuous absence of human values, positive relationship, trust, faith and human relationships. Leadership is the result of an ability to persuade or direct man, apart from prestige or power that comes from office or external circumstances. Leadership is what leaders do in group. It is to inspire other to undertake some term of purposeful action as determined by leaders. It is an influence of relationship between the leader and follower, who intend real changes that reflect their mutual purpose. It goes without saying that “Managers are people who do things right and Leaders are people who do right things”. This article dwells upon how leaders can create better organizations by initiating a mutually shared ethical culture with their followers or employees. They can generate positive relationships and cohesion develop which ultimately promote organizational culture. It is experienced that organizations scramble as they denigrate the value of their human capital. It is needless to say that companies often forget that it is people who make success or failures. Development of collective ethical culture and human values is the crying need of the time. In this article an humble attempt has been made to highlight the leadership style like selfless work, dedication, commitment, faith etc. The concept of “Work is Worship and Duty is God” has been focused, so that selfless work becomes an essential element in the role of a leader. Mutual love, trust, makes wonder and ultimate goal is the true realization of the almighty immortal soul. The feelings like hatred, anger, jealousy may jeopardize the work culture in an organization. The wisdom of good things, godly love, mental peace, tranquil mentality will uplift the workers from fear psychosis of death. Internalization of peace and work will lead to perfect congruence between thought and action. The perfect congruence between thought and action of a leader makes him an integrated human being. Whatever be his leadership style it gives him a subconscious and integrated thought process by which he is able to function more rationally. There is motivation of workers through inculcation of human values as the former is a matter of human understanding. Moreover it is process of encouraging people to go towards meeting their aspirations and thereby realizing their hopes and dreams.

Pages: 156-160Sradhanjali Mishra (Department of Personnel Management and Industrial Relation, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha)

Pages: 152-155
Mamta Chhirang (G.S.S.S., Kot (3698), Panchkula, Haryana)
Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare Officer, Hisar, Haryana)

The present study is designed to investigate into various aspects of teacher effectiveness and the effect role conflict on it. This study is a Comparative Study of Teacher's Effectiveness among Government and Private Teachers in Relation to Role Conflict. The present study was conducted on a sample of 200 teachers who are working in government and private school and colleges. Age range of teachers in 25-50. The sample was collected from the Hisar, Rohtak and Siwani Districts of State Haryana. Teacher Effectiveness Scale and Role Conflict Scale are used for data collection. In the present study, Mean, S.D., T-test, Pearson Product Moment several basic statistical measures were used for describing and analyzing mass data in a meaningful way. (i) Mean and SDs were worked out to describe the nature of data. (ii) 't' test was applied to test the significance of different groups. (iii) to study the relationship between different variables, co-efficient of correlation was worked out. The findings indicated that Role conflict is negatively correlated with Academic achievement, professional management, social area. Role conflict is positively correlated with emotional aspect, moral aspect, personality.

Pages: 152-155Mamta Chhirang (G.S.S.S., Kot (3698), Panchkula, Haryana)Dalbir Singh Saini (District Social Welfare Officer, Hisar…

Pages: 148-151
Preeti Vishwakarma, O.P. Verma and Mitashree Mitra (School of Regional Studies & Research, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh)

The learning style is the learner's preferred way of perceiving and responding to the information in a specific learning situation the concept of learning style travel with the learning theories. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between intelligence, locale and gender with different learning styles separately. The sample of the study was 100 students of class 10th studying in different government schools of urban and rural areas in Raipur, Chhattisgarh. A Verbal Intelligence test developed by Ojha and Chowdhury (1970) was used to measure the intelligence of the students and the Indian adaptation of Inventory of Learning Process (ILP) developed by Schmeck, Ribich and Ramanaiah (1977) was used to measure the different learning styles. The data were analyzed using product moment correlation and multiple regression analysis. Positive correlation was found between different learning styles and intelligence. Multiple regression analysis revealed that there is a significant contribution of intelligence to Methodical Study (MS), Fact Retention (FR) and Elaborative Processing (EP) learning styles. The role of gender and locale was not found significant with any of the learning styles.

Pages: 148-151Preeti Vishwakarma, O.P. Verma and Mitashree Mitra (School of Regional Studies & Research, Pt…

Pages: 144-147
Sumita Singh (Department of Education, Chhittisgarh Vanijaya Avam Vigyan Mahavidyalaya, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh)

The present study was undertaken to compare the study habit and educational achievement the disabled children ie visually disabled, locomotor disabled & hearing impaired. 600 disabled children of class VI,VII, &VIII special at schools of five district of Chhattisgarh i.e Raipur , Durg , Bastar, Rajnandgaon and Bilaspur were taken .The data was analyzed using correlation. The result of the study revealed that there is an apparent effect of the study habit on educational achievement of disabled children.

Pages: 144-147Sumita Singh (Department of Education, Chhittisgarh Vanijaya Avam Vigyan Mahavidyalaya, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh)

Pages: 136-143
Richa Shukla (Symbiosis Institute of International Business, Symbiosis International University, Pune, Maharashtra)

Emotional intelligence has been identified as one of the important behavioral constructs considered to be major contributor to success at workplace and well-being of individuals. The major objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and well-being among Indian Revenue Service (IRS) officers. A total of 300 IRS officers (231 Males and 121 Females) belonging to the three managerial levels (147 junior, 90 middle and 63 senior level) were selected from the all India total cadre strength of around 4000 officers with approximately 8% from each of the three managerial levels. Significant positive correlations were found between all components of emotional intelligence and well-being. Stepwise regression analysis revealed two important factors of emotional intelligence namely self-regulation and social skills as significant predictors of general well-being.

Pages: 136-143Richa Shukla (Symbiosis Institute of International Business, Symbiosis International University, Pune, Maharashtra)
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