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Pages: 402-405
Puneet Tokas (Department of Physical Education, Singhania University Pacheri Bari, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan )
Parveen Kadyan (Department of Physical Education, M. S. College, Saharanpur, U.P.)

Achievement motivation and Anxiety have been two of those factors under consideration. Mmotivation is the base of a pyramid towards success in sports. Keeping this in view, the present research was planned to study the significance of psychological variables on the performance of male football players viz. achievement motivation and anxiety. The findings of the present study state that psychological variables i.e. achievement motivation and anxiety are significantly correlated to the performance of male football players. Among the total number of selected subjects, the mean score value of high performance players was more as compared to that of low performance players for vital capacity and equal for blood pressure. This further infers that high performance players performed better than the low performance players.

Pages: 402-405Puneet Tokas (Department of Physical Education, Singhania University Pacheri Bari, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan )Parveen Kadyan…

Pages: 399-401
Mandev and Manoj Dayal (Department of CM&T, Guru Jambheshwar University, Hisar, Haryana)

As the findings of the study suggest that all the sampled dailies have not given much salience to this issue nevertheless the data reveals that media often follow an agenda. Dainik Bhaskar published 55 news stories which were biased nature and projected the workers union with negative treatment Dainik Jagran published 25 news stories that were biased nature. In these 25 news stories the newspaper clearly advocated govt. and company management and projected the trade union in such a way that as whole faults lies with trade union. Dainik Jagran followed by The Times of India with 24 biased news stories, Dainik Bhaskar published 13 biased stories and The Hindu has published just 1 story that was biased nature

Pages: 399-401Mandev and Manoj Dayal (Department of CM&T, Guru Jambheshwar University, Hisar, Haryana)

Pages: 395-398
Neelika Arora and Pallavi Bhagat (Department of HRM & OB, Central University of Jammu, Jammu)

To have a competitive edge over others, every organization is focussing on engaging their employees to become a competitive differentiator. Engaged employees have become a holistic part of success of the organizations. Employees can get engaged only if they are receiving a high performance work environment at their work place. Most of the organizations today are becoming a powerful source of competitive advantage and in order to overcome competition, physical and mental well-being of employees needs to be emphasised. Hence, employee engagement is today seen as a powerful source of competitive advantage in the turbulent times. To attain mental well being, employees perceive workplace spirituality, the thought within an individual about the work done by him and the reason behind doing that work. This can help in engaging employees which can ultimately result in organizational citizenship behaviour in them.This paper focuses on the role of workplace spirituality on employees which can help the organizations to know and develop measures so as to engage employees and retain talent thus resulting in organizational citizenship behaviour. This paper includes theoretical framework of employee engagement as a mediator between workplace spirituality and organizational citizenship behaviour. This paper proposes a conceptual model which can be helpful in understanding the impact of workplace spirituality on employee engagement which can result in the citizenship behaviour among the employees working in the organizations. This can lead to retention of employees thereby negatively impacting the “Intention to quit” in employees leaving them with a sense of belongingness with the organization and having long term relationship with the employees thus, keeping the organization economically sound.

Pages: 395-398Neelika Arora and Pallavi Bhagat (Department of HRM & OB, Central University of Jammu…

Pages: 390-394
Bhavjot (Department of Public Administration, Punjabi University, Patiala)

Disaster Management is an effort to inquire into the process of a hazard turning to disaster to identify its causes and rectify the same through public policy with minimising and preventing the damaging impact of a natural or manmade hazard. India has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique geo-climatic conditions. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been recurrent phenomena. Disaster is a sudden and unfortunate event that brings with it great damage, loss, destruction and devastation to human life as well as property and also hampers the ongoing developmental projects in a particular area being affected by the disaster. The damage caused by disasters is immeasurable and varies with the geographical location, climate and the type of the earth surface/degree of vulnerability. India is vulnerable to wind storms spawned in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea, earthquakes caused by active crustal movement in the Himalayan mountains, floods brought by monsoons, and droughts in the country's arid and semi-arid areas. Sometimes disasters can also cause huge loss of life and property. This influences the mental, socio-economic, political and cultural state of the affected area. Disaster management occupies an important place in this country's policy framework as it is poor and the under-privileged who are worst affected on account of disasters. Disaster management forces can help by removing people and property from a threatened location and by facilitating timely and effective rescue, relief and rehabilitation at the place of disaster. Sustainable Development preparedness can reduce hazard. There is need to link disaster management and development plans. Planned improvement in legal framework and bringing community consciousness is needed.

Pages: 390-394Bhavjot (Department of Public Administration, Punjabi University, Patiala)

Pages: 386-389
Anwaar Mohyuddin and Mahvish Farooq (Department of Anthropology, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan)

The paper deals with the symbolic representation of red color among natives of Rawalakot. A district in state of Azad Kashmir. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the significance of culture in the ways people establish the meaning of red color, what role the self and socio-cultural influence play in an individual's interpretation and establishment of meaning of red color, and to know about physical and mental effects of red color with joy, happiness, love, depression, celebrations etc.. In this paper an attempt has been made to understand that how people culturally attached with red color and symbolize their lives with it. Colors are considered not in isolation, but they are mainly studied in contrasting pairs or in sequences. Researchers found that a specific color could have different associations in different conditions, and that generally the associations are more abstract than concrete. The present study focused on the use of colors in a specific culture, and results will show that one color may imply different meanings at the same place, and this makes us to understand on how colors are construed in cross cultural diversity This paper deals with the ways how a specific color (red) conveys meanings in two primary ways - natural associations and psychological symbolism. The qualitative anthropological techniques were used to collect empirical data.

Pages: 386-389Anwaar Mohyuddin and Mahvish Farooq (Department of Anthropology, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan)

Pages: 383-385
Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani and Mohammed Anus (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh)

The education system in India primarily focuses on teaching students just academic and literacy aspects of life. Increasing knowledge base is the core goal of education in Indian schools and colleges. The purpose of education has been to acquaint students with basic knowledge of languages, social and basic sciences, and mathematics. Spiritual and religious base value education has been ignored in the contemporary education system. Educationists and psychologists have realized that the education in schools and colleges need to be broadened and should include teaching and training the positive behavioral skills which are adaptive for everyday living. The World Health Organization has also emphasized on teaching school and college students the basic skills of life known as life skills. Emergence of positive psychology has also shifted the focus of education toward teaching and training in positive psychological states like happiness, gratitude, forgiveness and spirituality. This is often known as positive schooling. Gratitude and forgiveness are also the values cherished by the major religions of the world like Islam, Hinduism, and Christianity. Research has shown that gratitude and forgiveness in people are associated with well-being and happiness. The current paper will focus on interventions which will increase gratitude in school and college going students. There is also a need to incorporate these concepts in school and college curriculum to enhance well-being of students. There is also a need to place professional counselors and psychologist in schools and colleges for imparting training in these values to students.

Pages: 383-385Mustafa Nadeem Kirmani and Mohammed Anus (Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar…

Pages: 378-382
Amna Anwar (MA. Globalisation and Development, Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of Sussex, United Kingdom)

The perception along with the manner of food consumption has been a rapidly changing phenomenon. Compared to a few decades ago, the cost of food items have gone up due to which, there is convenient availability of food from regions that consumers previously could not have imagined to receive food from. This paper talks about the emerging and established transnational organizations, such as the World Trade Organization, which have been actively involved into the global food chain systems. They make the production and distribution of food items around different parts of the world a well defined mechanism, ensuring food security.

Pages: 378-382Amna Anwar (MA. Globalisation and Development, Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of Sussex…

Pages: 374-377
Smita Mohanty (District Sub-Registrar, Dhenkanal, Odisha)

The study followed a 2x2 factorial design of research factor I refers to sector and factor 2 refers to level of employees. Executives and Non-executives from Public and Private Sector organization (N=240) responded to emotional intelligence and coping styles tests. Results showed significant differences between sector and level. The Private sector executives exhibited greater degree of emotional intelligence and more positive coping styles than the other three groups. It was also observed that EI is correlated with coping behaviour. Emotionally intelligent people showed higher degree of cognitive appraisal than others.

Pages: 374-377Smita Mohanty (District Sub-Registrar, Dhenkanal, Odisha)

Pages: 370-373
Hoori Nadir (Research Scholar, Kolhan University, Chibasa)
G. Vijaylakshmi (Department of Commerce, Karim City College, Jamshedpur)
Zaki Akhtar (Department of Psychology, Karim City College, Jamshedpur)

Last decade laid emphasis on micro finance, the micro financial institutions and self help groups. The paper highlights the impact of micro financial institutions, leaders in the micro finance field can no longer be complacent and assume that current program services are automatically empowering the poor and weaker section of society. The current paper is a overview of the wider SHG bank linkage movement in India, private MFIs have had limited outreach. However, we have seen a recent trend of larger micro finance institutions transforming into Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFCs). This changing face of micro finance in India appears to be positive in terms of the ability of micro finance to attract more funds and therefore increase outreach. Large banks are also tie-up with SHGs. In overall terms an organizational structure will help them achieve more trans parencey and efficiency. It is also be seen that males and females are taking loans from MFI,s and Banks to start their own small enterprises. These small enterprises gave the weaker section the control over their earning and healthy and nutritional living standards. A more refined model of micro-credit delivery has evolved lately, which emphasizes the combined delivery of financial services along with technical assistance, and agricultural business development services. When compared to the wider SHG bank linkage movement in India, private MFIs have had limited outreach. However, we have seen a recent trend of larger micro finance institutions transforming into Non-Bank Financial Institutions (NBFCs). This changing face of micro finance in India appears to be positive in terms of the ability of micro finance to attract more funds and therefore increase outreach

Pages: 370-373Hoori Nadir (Research Scholar, Kolhan University, Chibasa)G. Vijaylakshmi (Department of Commerce, Karim City College…

Pages: 365-369
Vineetha C. B. (Head of Language Teaching Research, LAMED Center for
Interdisciplinary Research on Language Acquisition and Allied Sciences)
Arun Kumar A. (Chief Ideator, LAMED, Chennai )

Foreign language learning depends on the motivation of students. We aimed at augmenting the intrinsic motivation using motivational interviewing (MI) technique based on the trans-theoretical model of change. Engaging, focusing, evoking and planning were the underlying rationales in this technique that focused on developing a therapeutic relationship with teacher and engage in collaborative decision making. From January 2013 to December 2013, we developed and field-tested this technique in a private language institute in South India. Between July 2014 and December 2014, the strategy was tested in French (N=20, Males=12, Females=8) and Spanish(N=31, Male=14; Females=17). The technique focused on group and individual interviewing during the 100-hour class (baseline, midline and end-line). Individual interviews to ascertain the motivation levels and the value attached to the language were done at the beginning of the course followed by mid line group and individual motivational interviewing. The motivation levels were examined at the end line individual interviewing after the course based on the desire to continue to next level. The attrition rate of the students was measured. Field notes were also collected and qualitatively analyzed.Results revealed that students developed more confidence with higher retention rates (attrition less than 5%). Motivation in foreign language learning can be increased using motivational interviewing. Language teachers can integrate this technique in their classrooms. The long term implications in learning require exploration.

Pages: 365-369Vineetha C. B. (Head of Language Teaching Research, LAMED Center forInterdisciplinary Research on Language…

Pages: 357-364
Vani Kakar (National University of Educational Planning and Administration, MHRD, Government of India)
Nanki Oberoi (The Bitty Oberoi Foundation, Noida, U.P.)

The aim of this theoretical paper is to describe the current situation of Counseling practices in schools within the Indian context. The goal is to bring out the neglected aspect of psychological health and well-being of students, which the current schooling practices seem to be out of sync with. Bridging the gap between the disciplines of psychology, philosophy and education, the discussion comprehensively brings together the Habermasian conceptualization of communicative action and public sphere. This becomes relevant for kick starting a necessary discourse in the area of Counseling and mental health practices in the school setting. The paper acknowledges the lack of a much needed effectual, legally binding mental health policy within the context of a school setting, and consequently discusses implications for policy and brings together the conclusive topics of a much needed potential debate in this arena.

Pages: 357-364Vani Kakar (National University of Educational Planning and Administration, MHRD, Government of India)Nanki Oberoi…

Pages: 351-356
Aditi Sharma (Department of Psychology, The IIS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) has been explored and researched by scholars for more than twenty five years and it continues to be an area of interest for researchers. OCB has been defined in the literature as a multi dimensional concept that comprises all positive behaviours that are relevant for the organization which include traditional in-role behaviours, organizationally relevant extra-role behaviours, and political behaviours like full and responsible participation in the organizational things. This paper is an effort to understand the meaning, nature and scope of OCB and to study the various dimensions and antecedents of OCB. The paper gives detailed discussion on the five dimensions of OCB and the antecedents referring to other dimensions of OCB given by various researchers from time to time.

Pages: 351-356Aditi Sharma (Department of Psychology, The IIS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan)
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