Indian Journal of Health & Wellbeing

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Authors and Ethical Guidelines

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Healthy Ageing among Elderly from a Eudaimonic Viewpoint: A Conceptual Approach Pages: 232-236 Nambiar Veena Chindankutty and D. Dhanalakshmi (Department of Applied, Psychology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry) Ageing is an inevitable ongoing process of change integral to all living organisms. It is characterized by a progressive deterioration in the biological, mental and social functioning of an individual. Therefore we are bound to prepare for embracing this phenomenon gracefully and explore possibilities of enhancing well-being among the elderly. India's elderly population is projected to rise 41 per cent by 2031 (National Statistical Office, 2021) which shows a dire need for approaching healthy ageing. A few decades ago elderly enjoyed a special place in the Indian family structure but with the advent of urbanization, youngsters have started moving out of the family settings. This has placed the elderly in a vulnerable situation wherein they are either left alone or required in the family for taking care of home and children. Though initially pleasurable it may be taxing as time progresses due to the deterioration of health which eventually affects their overall well-being. Hence this conceptual paper attempts to address the significance of healthy ageing from a eudaimonic perspective of well-being emphasizing the dimension of Purpose in Life propounded by Ryff and Singer (2008) in their model of psychological well-being. This model comprises six key dimensions which are foundational for the process of living well and one among them is Purpose in Life (PIL). It is a promising dimension of eudaimonic well-being which undergoes transition across different phases of life and is associated with better engagement in activities, health outcomes and physical functioning during older adulthood. This signifies the essentiality of addressing PIL for enhancing the eudaimonic well-being of the elderly, which contributes to the process of healthy ageing. Hence this paper highlights the significance of developing Purpose in Life among the elderly by emphasizing the need for engaging themselves actively for their well-being and betterment of society rather than surmising old age as frivolous. This paper underscores the need for recommendations from health care professionals and government policymakers in initiating and implementing meaningful purposes for enhancing eudaimonic well-being among older people. Pages: 232-236Nambiar Veena Chindankutty and D. Dhanalakshmi (Department of Applied, Psychology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry) Read more Get Access
Role of Psychological Factors in Distress during Adolescence Pages: 237-241 Rupan Dhillon1 and Saima Hafiz2 (Department of Psychology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab1 and Department of Psychiatry, Govt. Medical College, Doda, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir2) Psychological distress is a term that discusses undifferentiated patterns of symptoms which can vary from depression and anxiety tendencies to personality characteristics, functional disabilities and behavioral symptoms. Mostly adolescents are at a risk of feeling depressed especially if they are living in vulnerable home environments. The nature of distress can be altered by improving the family systems and social support networks. This study has been taken up for the purpose of understanding the association of a number of psychological variables with distress. 400 adolescents with equal numbers of males and females have been taken from the different schools of Jammu city. The scores were factor analyzed. Results of the study stated that 3 factors were extracted out of total 23 variables with a variance of 81.7%. The results are elaborately explained with the help of factor loadings that are obtained. The implications of the study are highlighted. Pages: 237-241Rupan Dhillon1 and Saima Hafiz2 (Department of Psychology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab1… Read more Get Access
Perceived Stress and Depression among Hypertensives Pages: 242-245 Manju and Sarvdeep Kohli (Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana) Medical practitioners, yoga specialists, sociologists, philosophers, and most importantly, psychologists all collaborate in the realm of health. Hypertension is one of the most hazardous health conditions that may result in different chronic illnesses. Despite taking healthy diet, prescribed medication and regular exercise some people still suffer from high blood pressure which indicates role of psychological factors in the development of hypertension. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore differences in the levels of perceived stress and depression among hypertensives and healthy controls. A two group design was adopted in the present study. The sample comprised of 100 participants (50 hypertensives & 50 healthy controls) with the age range of 35-55 years. The tools used for the study were: Perceived Stress Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Data was analyzed by using t-test. Results indicated that hypertensives scored significantly higher on perceived stress and depression than healthy controls. The outcomes suggest that hypertensive individuals require greater psychological management beside medical care. Pages: 242-245Manju and Sarvdeep Kohli (Department of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak, Haryana) Read more Get Access
Extraversion and Alexithymia Pages: 246-248 Vipin Kumar Singh and Uma Gupta (Department of Siddhant Darshan, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh) The present study focuses upon assessing the status of alexithymia in male postgraduate students having varied positions on the scale of extraversion. The revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, EPQ-R Short Scale, was initially administered to 200 postgraduate students. On the basis of their scores on the extraversion scale they were selected as participants and were assigned to two groups: extraverts and introverts. Both the groups were administered the alexithymia scale. The comparison of the scores revealed that introverts had higher scores on two factors of alexithymia, viz; difficulty identifying feelings (DIF) and difficulty describing feelings (DDF); conversely extraverts had higher scores on the factor of externally oriented thinking (EOT). The findings were discussed in the light of findings from earlier studies as well as the theoretical assumptions underlying the construct of extraversion. Pages: 246-248Vipin Kumar Singh and Uma Gupta (Department of Siddhant Darshan, Institute of Medical Sciences… Read more Get Access
EFT to Resolve Anger Issues: A Case Study Approach Pages: 249-252 Neerja Pandey (Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences (AIBAS), Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh) The present research work titled, 'EFT to resolve anger issues-A Case Study Approach', is an original work in which effectiveness of Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) in reducing anger has been highlighted. Anger being a complex emotion, often masks other emotions and feelings of helplessness. Dealing with anger demands diligent unravelling of the layers of emotions, beliefs, and conditionings to reach the core issue that is tormenting the person. EFT is apt in addressing these layers and effectively reach the core issue. This technique uses subjective unit of discomfort (SUD) as feedback and marker of resolution as insights are gained by the individual. The present paper takes a case study approach where the sample is purposefully selected, and the steps taken to resolve the complexity of their anger are also highlighted. This study attempts to acknowledge the close interplay of mental postulates and emotions. It focuses on how empowering statements (affirmations) and tapping can dispute obsolete mental postulates and encourage a shift in perspective within few rounds of intervention. With one case introduction and two case studies of anger, EFT is found to be an empowering tool that is effective in regulating maladaptive tendencies and de-constructing malformed belief systems pertaining to anger. Pages: 249-252Neerja Pandey (Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences (AIBAS), Amity University, Lucknow Campus… Read more Get Access
A Qualitative Study Exploring Post-menopausal Women’s Perceptions and Experiences of Menopause Pages: 253-257 Dolon Dawn (Department of Psychology, Victoria Institution (College), Kolkata, West Bengal) Living through menopause is a complex experience. Menopause marks the beginning of an infertile phase from the fertile phase. The experience of menopause influences post-menopausal women's quality of life. This study delves into the understanding of women's menopausal experience and their perception of menopausal experience. Fifteen post-menopausal women were included in the study using purposive sampling through snowball sampling in Kolkata, West Bengal. In-depth semi-structured interviews were used to delve into the understanding of a women's menopausal experience and her perception of menopausal experience. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. To describe the women's experiences and perception of menopause, the themes that emerged were health related changes, perception of menopause, change in relationships, and social support. The current study found that support from husband, and social support largely impacts this experience. According to this study, women turned to their families, and peers, for assistance with their issues. Health care professionals should therefore educate women about menopause in addition to being fully informed of its course. It is important to consider their peers' and families' contributions. It is advised that more research be done on how psychological therapies might be used to address these issues in postmenopausal women. Pages: 253-257Dolon Dawn (Department of Psychology, Victoria Institution (College), Kolkata, West Bengal) Read more Get Access
The Impact of Time Perspective Training on Psychological Variables among Taekwondo Athletes Pages: 258-263 Chengol Mallesham1 and Thipparapu Rajesh2 (Selection Centre Central, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh1 and Department of Psychology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram2) The objective of the present study is to study the impact of training about time perspective on Taekwondo athletes' time profiles, sports anxiety throughout physical activity, aggressive behaviour, and positive and negative experiences. The study was carried out by employing a single group pre-training and post-training experimental design. Six athletes (1 female & 5 males) underwent six time-perspective training sessions over the course of three weeks. A questionnaire which measures time perspective, a questionnaire which measures aggressive behaviour, physical activity questionnaire and sport anxiety questionnaire, and a questionnaire of positive and negative experiences were used to conduct pre and post-tests for the athletes. The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was employed, and its results indicated that a statistically significant difference in future time attitude, anxiety (physical activity as well as sport), and hostile behaviour. The post-test revealed significantly lower scores for the Future-Positive time attitude, but significantly higher scores for sport anxious individuals during physical activity, as well as hostile behaviour than the pre-test scores. Emphasising on a certain area of time profile may contribute to negative repercussions by fuelling anxiety (physical activity & sport) and hostility among the Taekwondo athletes. Hence, the psychologists and coaches need to design psychological interventions that include ideal time profiles, to give participants opportunities and experience handling the past, present, and future associated with their training and competitions in a practical way. Pages: 258-263Chengol Mallesham1 and Thipparapu Rajesh2 (Selection Centre Central, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh1 and Department of… Read more Get Access
Addressing the Mental Health Issues of Children and Adolescents in COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Approach Pages: 264-269 Priyanka Podder1, Rudrani Chatterjee2, Saranya Banerjee3, and Sanjukta Das4 (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal1, Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Kolkata, West Bengal2, Department of Psychology & Clinical Psychologist, Research Project from CPEPA, University of Calcutta by DCRT, Govt. of W. B., Kolkata, West Bengal3, and Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal4) Since its onset in 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has devastated mankind in all possible aspects of life, hurting the children and adolescents in an extensive manner. This article presents various reflections obtained from our clinical and research activities with the children and adolescents in the community continuing through the pandemic months. The psychological well-being of the children and adolescents, across various ages and strata of the society, has reached new lows with each passing month. Research has shown a steep rise in the mental health problems in this population worldwide. This article talks about the multidimensional adverse impact of the pandemic faced by those residing at their own homes, enrolled and not enrolled in school and those living in institutions and streets. It is proposed that there is the need for a comprehensive child-friendly approach to render mental health intervention for these children and adolescents. The multifaceted strategies discussed in this approach address their mental health difficulties related to family, studies, school and different socio-economic conditions to uphold their best interests and psychological well-being.These needs to be done while taking in consideration the socio-cultural context and also maintaining the COVID-19 protocol as necessary in different settings. It should be involving all the stakeholders, like, parents, caregivers, teachers, school and other institutional staff, peers, mental health professionals and the significant others in the community. This can lead to create a better safe and sound place for the children and adolescents even among the pandemic blues. Pages: 264-269Priyanka Podder1, Rudrani Chatterjee2, Saranya Banerjee3, and Sanjukta Das4 (Department of Psychology, University of… Read more Get Access
Fast Food Delivery Boys, At-risk Behaviours, Fatalities and Solutions-Qualitative Perspective Pages: 270-273 Harbans Lal (SNDT Women University, Director-Forum of Behavioural Safety, Mumbai, Maharashtra) Several reports indicate that fast delivery boys risked their life and of others on the road for express service. The start-up entrepreneurs like Swiggy, Zomato, DominoZ, Zepto, and others are playing with public life and promoting unsafe behaviours/ unsafe conditions, causing thousands of near misses. The delivery boys rush so fast that they don't see traffic lights, speed limits etc. Governments should put some control on such time bound businesses where lives are at-risk. Fast delivery with fast at-risk behaviors on the road with 10-20-25-30 minutes delivery is fatal idea. Companies must demonstrate behavioural safety compliance clearance with 100% zero-harm culture. Qualitative research in this paper makes a lot of sense in this regard. 201 industry professionals participated in the study to reflect on the issues and solutions. For sustainability of delivery industry, it is crucial to not to overlook the safety standards to save the riders from injuries and fatalities. It is possible to sustain both the safety culture and industry. Industry requires a connected safety culture which defines a connect among people. It is recommended to drive long term safety culture in promoting Business Sustainability. Pages: 270-273Harbans Lal (SNDT Women University, Director-Forum of Behavioural Safety, Mumbai, Maharashtra) Read more Get Access
Adult sibling relationship: A gender study of middle aged adults Page: 75-77 Sakshi and Anuradha Singh (Department of Psychology, Mahadevi Kanya Pathshala (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarkhand, India) The objective of this study was to compare the score of male and female on the various adult sibling relationship dimensions (contact, emotional closeness and conflict, confiding). Quota sampling technique was used to select 150 male and 150 female adults from the general population of Jammu city. Adult sibling relationship scale (Nandwana & Katoch) was used to study the variable. The findings revealed that the females acquired higher mean score as compared to males on adult sibling relationship. The t-value suggested significant difference at 0.01 level on three (contact, emotional closeness and conflict) of the four dimensions of adult sibling relationship. It could be concluded that the gender has a great role on adult sibling relationship. Result reveals that females are good in keeping contacts, are emotionally closed and confide things with little bit conflict that brings sorrow in their sibling relationship as compared to their counterparts. Page: 75-77Sakshi and Anuradha Singh (Department of Psychology, Mahadevi Kanya Pathshala (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttarkhand… Read more Get Access
Marital and Sexual Satisfaction, Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Wives of Patients with Chronic Illnesses Page: 01-06 Daanesh M. Umrigar and Rajendra Mhaske (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra) To explore the psychological health, as well as the levels of marital and sexual satisfaction, of wives of patients with a chronic illness. The sample consisted of 34 women, whose husbands were diagnosed with, and were undergoing treatment for a chronic illness (Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), Diabetes; or Cancer). Correlational and comparative analysis were conducted on the data. Clinically significant marital and sexual dissatisfaction were found. Wives reported moderate levels of depression and anxiety, but severe levels of stress. Depression and Sexual satisfaction were found to be significant predictors of marital satisfaction. Wives are impacted by the illness status of their spouse. The additional stress of caregiving, along with societally ascribed roles and responsibilities on women creates a more difficult, stressful environment, which affects the relationship satisfaction as well as psychological health and well-being. Page: 01-06Daanesh M. Umrigar and Rajendra Mhaske (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune… Read more Get Access
Emotional Intelligence and Severity of Disease among Coronary Artery Disease Patients having Type D and Non-type D Personality Page: 07-11 Sheena Philips1 and Sushama Bhosale2 (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune ,Maharashtra1 and Waghire College of Arts, Commerce & Science ,Pune, Maharashtra2) Globally Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) has emerged as a major health concern. For more than half a century research interest in the contribution of personality to CAD has shown mixed results. People with Type D or Distressed personality exhibit uncomfortable emotions (Negative affectivity), and avoidance of social situations (Social inhibition) both of which adversely impact heart health. Emotional Intelligence includes understanding, managing, regulating, and using emotions. Relevant research shows that individuals with high Emotional Intelligence enjoy better physical, social and psychological health and experience lesser emotional distress as compared to those low on it. Further personality and emotion are known to impact the severity of the disease. The present study compares Type D and Non-Type D Personality CAD patients on Emotional intelligence and severity of disease. Sample consisted of N=176, (Type D=88, Non-Type-D=88) CAD patients, matched on age (30-65 years). The study utilized the DS-14 scale, EEA (Exploring Emotional Abilities), and preoperative LVEF (Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction). Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Independent samples t-test, and Mann-Whitney test. A statistically significant difference was found among CAD patients having Type D personality on Self-Awareness, Motivation, Empathy, Social Skills, overall Emotional Intelligence and pre-procedure LVEF which was poorer when compared to Non-Type D counterparts. Page: 07-11Sheena Philips1 and Sushama Bhosale2 (Department of Psychology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune ,Maharashtra1… Read more Get Access
COVID-19 and the Elderly Support System in Urban India: Challenges and Concerns Page: 12-17 Monika Rikhi (Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (Eve), University of Delhi, Delhi) The world is grappling with Covid-19 pandemic for almost two years now. The human population has been affected at all strata in innumerable ways. The elderly seems to be the worst impacted not only at the physical health level but psychologically too. A meta-analytic understanding of elderly research clearly shows their high susceptibility to the pandemic conditions. The lockdown conditions led to a collapse of the social support networks enjoyed by the urban elderly population. The traditional roles of family members, relatives, domestic helps and paid caregivers as support systems, metamorphosised with the announcement of the lockdown. The study purports to understand the changed social support networks that the elderly population has used to satiate their physical, social and psychological needs during the lockdown period. A sample of the urban elderly population was studied for the social support networks using a standardized psychometric test. To understand the altered support systems during the pandemic lockdown a group of volunteers working with the elderly population was interviewed. This helped to understand the assistance provided by them for various needs expressed by the elderly population. The discussions and interviews have been taken as a source to develop a possible understanding of the elderly social support networks in the urban Indian settings for active ageing under modern critical conditions. Page: 12-17Monika Rikhi (Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (Eve), University of Delhi, Delhi) Read more Get Access
Self-esteem among Adolescents of Andaman and Nicobar Islands Page: 18-21 K. Sakthivel (Department of Psychology, Andaman College (ANCOL), Chakargaon, Port Blair, South Andaman) Self-esteem is the overall change in an individual worth show in a negative or positive way about one's self (Minev et al., 2018). Its evolution starts at conception and is persistently altering as a result of life experiences. It is impossible to exaggerate the significance of self in the adolescent experience. The aim of this study is to look into the self- esteem of male and female undergraduate students in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Data was gathered from 100 college students with mean age 18-19 years were taken as sample for the present study. Self-esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) has been used to assess college students' self-esteem. The samples were selected Purposive Sample. t test were used. The results reveal a significant difference between male and female among college students. Page: 18-21K. Sakthivel (Department of Psychology, Andaman College (ANCOL), Chakargaon, Port Blair, South Andaman) Read more Get Access
Profile Differences in the Psychosocial Correlates of High and Low Suicidal Risk Groups in Early and Late Adolescents Page: 22-28 Sayantani Chatterjee (Department of Psychology, Loreto College, Kolkata, West Bengal) Life undergoes different changes at different points of time, with both pleasure and displeasure being its integral parts. Adolescence having its own simplicity also imbibes complexities of various kinds. Early adolescents are referred to as 'teens,' and late adolescents as 'youths'. Adolescence is a launching phase of striving for self sufficiency. The purpose is to determine differences in psychosocial correlates of high and low suicidal risk groups in adolescents. Purposive random sampling has been used for selecting 380 individuals. The scores on the Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire are used to segregate individuals into 'High' and 'Low' Suicidal Risk Groups by method of Median Split. Statistical measures used are Mean, Standard Deviation, t-test. For early adolescents, two groups differed significantly on psychiatric morbidity, self enhancing humor, aggressive humor, happiness, locus of control. High suicidal risk group scored high on psychiatric morbidity, aggressive humor, self-defeating humor, locus of control. Low suicidal risk group scored high on reasons for living, affiliative humor, self enhancing humor, happiness. For late adolescents, two groups differed significantly on psychiatric morbidity, aggressive humor, self defeating humor, happiness, locus of control. High suicidal risk group scored high on psychiatric morbidity, aggressive humor, self-defeating humor, locus of control. Low suicidal risk group scored high on affiliative humor, self-enhancing humor, happiness. The findings imply the need to give due emphasis on mental health functioning and the utilization of positive resources by adolescents to survive the stresses of this period and not to feel meaningless about their existence. Page: 22-28Sayantani Chatterjee (Department of Psychology, Loreto College, Kolkata, West Bengal) Read more Get Access
Rumination, Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Physical Health and Neuroticism in Young Adults Page: 29-34 Komila Parthi1 and Sheena Shivinder Kaur2(Department of Psychology, DAV College, Sector-10, Chandigarh1 and Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh2) Rumination has been defined as passively focusing one's attention on a negative emotional state like depression, its symptoms, and thinking repetitively about the causes, meanings, and consequences of that state (Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991). Researchers have identified rumination as maladaptive coping and emotional regulation strategy. Research reveals a strong relationship between rumination and depression(Tong, Hou, Liang, Li, Huinan, & Lee,2021), anxiety (Grant & Beck, 2010); stress (Samaie & Farahani, 2011); physical health (Thomsen, Mehlsen, Olesen, Hokland, Viidik, Avlund, & Zachariae, 2004); and neuroticism (Segerstrom, Tsao, Alden, & Craske, 2000). Rumination or repititive thinking may lead to a number of problems among the young adults. The objectives of the present study were to identify gender differences on rumination among young adults and to examine rumination in relation with depression, anxiety, stress, physical health and neuroticism in young- adults. Ninety-nine young-adults (49 males & 50 females) in the 18-24 years age range comprised the sample of the study. They were administered the Ruminative Responses Scale (Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow, 1991); Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995); and PGI-Health Questionnaire N-1 (Verma, Wig, & Prashad, 1985). Results reveal that females are significantly higher than males on anxiety. However, no significant gender differences emerged on rumination, depression, stress, physical health and neuroticism. A significant positive relationship emerged between rumination, anxiety and stress among males. While among females no significant relationship emerged between rumination, depression, anxiety, stress, physical health and neuroticism. Page: 29-34Komila Parthi1 and Sheena Shivinder Kaur2(Department of Psychology, DAV College, Sector-10, Chandigarh1 and Department… Read more Get Access
COVID-19 Lockdown on Quiet Ego and Impostor Syndrome Page: 35-42 N. Savya1, A.S. Guru Prapanna Sri2, and K.P. Naachimuthu3 (Psychologist, Ernakulam, Kerala1, Department of Psychology, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu2, Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu3) The Impostor Syndrome (IS), characterized by intense feelings of self-doubt and a fear of being exposed as 'fraud' is being increasingly reported among Gen Z (Goel, 2021). It involves the person being excessively concerned with their social image due to their feelings of inadequacy. In other words, they remain in a perpetual state of heightened self-consciousness. A way to counter the experience of IS would be to turn down the volume of their ego and develop a more balanced sense of self-perception while being more accommodative of others in their environment. Quiet Ego (QE) is a self-identity that counters the loudness exuded by egotism. It is nurtured through deliberate self-reflection which people of the fast-paced world seldom have the time to engage in. The COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown, however brought a temporary cessation to the drill. Drastic changes in the working arrangement, a feeling of being imprisoned at home, a constant threat of being affected by the virus has affected the lives of people in many ways. The present study aimed at exploring the relationship between IS and QE among Gen Z and the effect of lockdown on QE. The study was conducted using a mixed model research design, in two phases. Quantitative data from 76 participants were analysed using Pearson correlation and simple linear regression. Qualitative data from an in- depth interview of 44 participants were thematically analysed through manual coding. No significant correlation or regression between the two variables was found. The qualitative analysis yielded the themes under two major aspects-interpersonal (close circle & global community) and intrapersonal (engagement, outcome of introspection, effects of personality). The subthemes of the same are elucidated along with the implications. Page: 35-42N. Savya1, A.S. Guru Prapanna Sri2, and K.P. Naachimuthu3 (Psychologist, Ernakulam, Kerala1, Department of… Read more Get Access
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals with Pre-existing Mental Illnesses in India Page: 43-47 Aditi Joshi (Jesus & Mary College, B.A Programme Department, University of Delhi, Delhi) One of the most important aspects of life that have been impacted by the pandemic is mental health. The lack of already existing mental health services, especially in India has been a very hard path to walk on for a long time as the expenditure on the mental health sector is close to negligible, in India. This study aimed to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the mental health of individuals who were already suffering from different disorders, whether it has exacerbated their condition or helped in any way. Phenomenological approach was taken up in order to assess 5 different individuals with pre-existing, diagnosed mental disorders on their experiences and issues during the pandemic and the lockdown. A semi-structured virtual interview took place via zoom and informed consent was taken beforehand. A thematic analysis was done in order to assess the recorded data into 4 themes- 1. Lack of motivation and productivity 2. The inconvenience of mental health services 3. Impact of physical confinement 4. Self and disorder awareness. Further research in this area will help us understand the need for accessible mental health services and how to tackle these issues. Page: 43-47Aditi Joshi (Jesus & Mary College, B.A Programme Department, University of Delhi, Delhi) Read more Get Access
Effect of Yoga Nidra on Quality of Sleep among Young Female Adults during COVID-19 Pandemic Page: 48-52 V.P. Neeraja and K.P. Naachimuthu (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) COVID-19 global pandemic has created a lot of stressful life events for the individuals. Some coped to this new way of living but the ones who couldn't develop mental distress. Sleep problems are common at the best of times, all the stress, worry created by this pandemic have made existing sleep difficulties even worse. Poor sleep quality is one of the major problem among young adult population, females showed more sleep related problems than males. The aim of the present study is to find out the effect of yoga nidra on quality of sleep among young female adults during Covid-19 pandemic. This quasi -experimental design was conducted among 24 young female adults, which were allocated equally into intervention and control group. The questionnaire used in the study was Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Intervention group was instructed to do yoga nidra for 3 weeks, every night for 30 minutes. Then both intervention and control group evaluated after 3 weeks. Data were analyzed using paired t test and correlation analysis. Data analysis showed that there was a significant difference in Global PSQI score (p < 0.01) for experimental group before and after the intervention. No significant difference found in the control group (p = .157) before and after the yoga nidra intervention. The study concluded that yoga nidra significantly improved the sleep quality among young female adults during Covid-19 pandemic. Page: 48-52V.P. Neeraja and K.P. Naachimuthu (Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts & Science… Read more Get Access
Role of Relational Risk Factors in Substance Abuse among Adolescents Page: 53-56 Pamil Preet Kaur1, Gurminder Sokhey2, and Naina Sharma3 (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab1,2 and Department of Distance Education, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab3) The present study investigated the role of relational risk factors in substance abuse. The sample comprised 300 participants 18 to 19 years old from different schools and colleges of Chandigarh, Mohali and Panchkula. To select the subjects with substance abuse problem from the general population a screening measure was administered. Apart from those standardized measures like Parental Monitoring and Peer pressure were administered. Application of correlation and step wise multiple regression revealed that peer pressure positively contributed to substance abuse whereas the correlation and contribution parental monitoring was negative. Page: 53-56Pamil Preet Kaur1, Gurminder Sokhey2, and Naina Sharma3 (Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala… Read more Get Access
To Study Clinical Profile of PLHA (People Living with HIV/AIDS) with Tubercular Co-infection: A Prospective Study at Tertiary Care Centre in North India Page: 57-59 Sanjay Fotedar1, Vikas Bhatti2, Vinay Rampal3, Zahid H. Gilani4, and Surinder Kumar5 (Department of Internal Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana1,2,5, Department of Internal Medicine, Govt. Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir3, Department of Pharmacology, Govt. Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir4) People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) are at high risk of developing secondary infections, after seroconversion and with decreasing CD4 count the incidence of tuberculosis increases and adds to morbidity and mortality. Management includes concurrent treatment of HIV infection and specific management of tubercular infection. To study the clinical profile and disease outcome of tuberculosis in patients living with HIV/AIDS infection (PLHA). A prospective study from a tertiary care centre at Northern India. Patients with HIV/AIDS infection (PLHA) presenting with signs and symptoms of tuberculosis, diagnosed as cases of tuberculosis (pulmonary and extra pulmonary) were evaluated with respect to clinical profile, disease characteristics and socio demographic profile and respective data collected. 132 patients with HIV/AIDS infection diagnosed as cases of tuberculosis were included in study and data evaluated. Common clinical features included fever (84.4%), weight loss, (81.8%), cough with hemoptysis, followed by headache and altered sensorium. CD4 count <250 was significantly associated with tubercular infection with males effected more than females. Patients were diagnosed as having tubercular infection by AFB staining, Non-resolving pneumonitis on chest X-ray, HRTCT chest besides sputum culture, ESR, Monteux test, FNAC of lymph nodes and CSF study in extra pulmonary tubercular patients. The disease burden is more in developing and underdeveloped nations with high incidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Individuals infected with HIV infection may develop tubercular infection in course of HIV disease or may present with signs and symptoms of tubercular infection before being diagnosed as having HIV infection. The incidence of tubercular co-infection in PLHA is directly influenced by CD4 count and increases with fall in CD4 count. High degree of clinical suspicion with prompt evaluation for secondary infection including tuberculosis and timely management is associated with better outcomes. Page: 57-59Sanjay Fotedar1, Vikas Bhatti2, Vinay Rampal3, Zahid H. Gilani4, and Surinder Kumar5 (Department of… Read more Get Access
The Lived Experiences of Students with Suicidal Ideation: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Page: 60-69 Piya Pandya and Raosaheb Raut (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Mumbai, Maharashtra) The present research study explored the lived experiences of students with suicidal ideation. Suicide is a multifaceted and global health concern by which students are largely affected. Suicidal ideation is a precursor to attempting suicide and a warning indication. The objectives of this study were to understand the students' lived experiences with suicidal ideation and their changing perceptions. It focused on identifying processes that led to the ideation, risk factors and psychosocial factors. It also concentrated on their preferred coping strategies, identifying support systems and ways to reach out to them. The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach was employed for the present study. The data was collected using an in- depth semi- structured interview schedule from eight participants, who were students that have had suicidal ideation, residing in Mumbai, within the range of 15-29years. The data was analyzed using Atlas-ti software. The findings revealed 6 superordinate themes and 14 sub-ordinate themes. The main superordinate themes are Education and Health, Abuse, The World around Us, Interpersonal Relationships, Negative Emotions and Behaviors, and Pillars of Support and Coping. The different 14 subordinate themes were discussed in detail. Page: 60-69Piya Pandya and Raosaheb Raut (Department of Applied Psychology, University of Mumbai, Maharashtra) Read more Get Access
Association between Ordinal Position and Emotional Maturity of Adolescents Page: 70-74 Chanda Rawat (Department of Human Development & Childhood Studies, Delhi University, Delhi) The present study analyzed the emotional maturity of 320 adolescents across their ordinal position. Samples were selected randomly from two different geographical areas of Uttrakhand in which 42 samples were found to be 1st born, equal number of samples were 2nd and 3rd born (59 samples) in Uttarkashi (hilly terrain) and in U.S. Nagar (plain terrain) 50 samples were 1st born, 46 samples were 2nd born and 64samples were 3rd born. A demographic questionnaire was developed and administered to assess the socio-demographic characteristic of adolescents and emotional maturity was measured using Emotional Maturity Scale. One way ANOVA was applied to calculate the significant difference in emotional maturity of selected adolescents across their ordinal position. Results showed no significant difference in composite emotional maturity of adolescents from both districts across their ordinal position. However, first born respondents from both the districts were seen to significantly differ on two components of emotional maturity viz. they were significantly more independent and socially well-adjusted as compared to second and third born. Page: 70-74Chanda Rawat (Department of Human Development & Childhood Studies, Delhi University, Delhi) Read more Get Access
Sexual Harassment: A Growing Concern in Hospital Settings Page: 75-78 Reena Chaudhary and Manvir Kaur (Department of Sociology, USOL, Panjab University, Chandigarh) Since the independence of India, the number of women coming out for work has increased substantially and the efforts were also made to elevate the status of women in India by removing their social and economic disabilities. It will be agreed that the levels of economic equality and independence are the true indicators to determine the status of women. Employment of women, therefore, is a necessary corollary to achieve gender equality and gender justice. The Indian Constitution grants equality to women and the Government of India has brought out specific legislations to protect and safeguard their rights and interests. Women have started working in every field and also experience number of problems at workplace. One such problem is Sexual Harassment at Workplace. Sexual harassment at workplace is an occupational hazard encountered across the world that reduces the quality of working life, jeopardizes the well-being of women and men, undermines gender equality and imposes costs on firms and organizations. The present paper is an attempt to know about the extent of the problem of sexual harassment in the hospitals and the types of coping mechanisms used by the respondents to handle the problem of sexual harassment at workplace. Page: 75-78Reena Chaudhary and Manvir Kaur (Department of Sociology, USOL, Panjab University, Chandigarh) Read more Get Access
Role of Family Environment in Predicting Depression among Adolescents Page: 79-82 Shipra Sharma and Vandana Sharma (Department of Psychology, S.D. (P.G.) College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh) The objective of this investigation was to analyze the relationship between family environment and depression among adolescent students. The study consisted 300 adolescent students (150 male & 150 female) selected through stratified random sampling. The age range of the sample group was between 14 to 17 years. They were taken from C.B.S.E. board schools of Ghaziabad city. The tools of the study, Family Environment Scale by Bhatia and Chadha and Cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire by Wig, Pershad, and Verma, for Depression were used. Statistical analysis used for the present study were correlation and multiple regression. A significant negative correlation was found between family environment and depression among adolescent students in terms of family cohesion, expressiveness, acceptance and caring, independence, active-recreational orientation, organization and control except Conflict which was positively correlated to depression. In addition, three dimensions of family environment, i.e., independence, conflict and organization emerged as predictors of depression among adolescents in the present study. Page: 79-82Shipra Sharma and Vandana Sharma (Department of Psychology, S.D. (P.G.) College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh) Read more Get Access

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