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Pages: 1177-1183 In this study, Herzberg's motivator-hygiene factor theory was employed to assess various job attitudes of air traffic controllers (ATCs) who were at different career stages by using Super's Career Stages Model (CSM, 1990). Attitudes of Indian ATCs had not been explored in relation with Super's CSM and Herzberg's theory of motivation. Using a survey method with convenient sampling, Job attitude scale (Smith, 1973) was administered on 341 Civil Indian ATCs (301 males & 40 females). Four adult career stages of Super as Exploration, Establishment, Maintenance, and Disengagement manifested by age and tenure as criterions were studied. Two examinations of One-way MANOVAs were computed in order to examine the impact of career stages as a function of age and tenure each. Both MANOVA results were statistically significant and further, separate univariate ANOVA results for age and tenure as two IVs indicated significant differences for seven out of eight sub-facets on Job attitudes scale, except attitudes were similar across career stages towards sub-facets work-schedules in age and towards facility in tenure. Further, post hoc test results revealed that Disengagement-stage ATCs were more content with the significant seven sub-facets in both age and tenure compared to Exploration, Establishment, and Maintenance-stage ATCs. Findings suggest the relevance of needs as per hygiene-motivator factors as well as career stages play a role in job satisfaction ratings. Study results contribute to improve working environments of ATCs by tailoring HR practices. |
Pages: 1184-1187 Mid- life age of women is the turning point in her life, as it brings lots of changes. Between the challenges of adulthood and despair of old age, that is, in mid-life enters the compulsory change in women's life, “the menopause”. Menopause is a period in the life of woman that needs special attention. It is a life passage that closes some doors for women but open other door. It involves physical, psychological, hormonal changes, and social changes also (Mathews, 1992). It is a kind of transitional period in the life of women. A large number of studies have reported that stress is common during menopause. In the present study purposive sampling was used to draw out the sample. Total 100 women of menopausal age group of 45 to 55yrs were selected for the study. Out of total respondents, 50 participants were working women and 50 participants were non-working women. Out of working and non-working respondent, 25 respondents were from nuclear and 25 from joint families respectively. This study aims to assess the level of stress during menopause and to create awareness in women of that stage and to sensitize the members of the society to extend the support to the females to overcome the stage of transition of menopause with positivity. |
Pages: 1188-1192 The present study was designed to investigate physical health or mental health problems a relationship with personality and temperament. In order to meet the research objectives, a representative sample of 200 young adults within the age range of 20 to 25 years is drawn from different department of Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, using a random sampling method. All the selected participant was administered with the help of NEO five factor Inventory S form, Cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire (CMI) and Formal Characteristics of Behaviors Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI). The obtained data was analyzed by using Pearson's correlation and Stepwise Multiple Regression. Results revealed that neuroticism shows positive correlation with physical health or mental health problems. Agreeableness found negatively related with mental health problems. And conscientiousness shows negatively correlations with physical health and mental health problems. In case of temperament, perseverance shows positive correlation with mental health problems, emotional reactivity found positively correlated with physical health and mental health problems. Further neuroticism or emotional reactivity both found predictors of physical health or mental health problems. |
Pages: 1193-1197 From the previous studies it has been found that life skills decrease the growth of maladaptive behaviors related to social interactions and adaptations. The aim of this study was to develop a life skill module and find its effect and applications based on Indian context. To do so, various psychological scales were administered on a sample of 1258 students including adolescents, late adolescents and young adults. Both boys and girls participated in the current study. Out of the total number, 258 school students were included in pilot study (objective 1) and 1000 school and college students were selected for the main study (objective 2) with the age range of 14 to 20 years. After the administration of the scales the data was analyzed by computing means, SD's and t-values. The results showed that all the t values had a significant difference leading to a conclusion that, the life skills imparted had a significant effect on adolescents' different aspects of life. All the findings have been shown accordingly and some suggestions have been recommended for future research. |
Pages: 1198-1201 Purpose of present research was to study the temperament and Behaviour Problems of Orphan Adolescents. The study included a total of 200 school students. The set of variables included Temperament and Behaviour Problems. The two-group design was adopted for the present study. The findings revealed that significant difference was found between institutionalised and non-institutionalised orphan adolescents on temperament as well as behaviour problems. |
Pages: 1202-1206 Gifted children from underprivileged backgrounds are at a double disadvantage. This is because there is lack of awareness regarding giftedness in their surroundings as well as impoverished environment which leaves their potential unrecognized and undeveloped. For India as a nation with immense human resource potential it is important to understand which individuals possess inherent capacities that are likely to lead to future high achievements? Is it high intelligence or high academic achievement? Do positive self-image and self-esteem determine future success in gifted children? Thus, this study attempted to understand the self-concept of gifted children in relation to their academic achievement. Findings of this study revealed that there is a strong relationship between academic achievement and certain self-concept domains among the gifted population. Gifted children who underachieve in academics have a lower self-concept leading to poor evaluation of one's intellectual capability, and poor social adjustment. Thus, gifted underachievers may need support and nurturing to transform their inherent potential into successful performance. A few recommendations have been made: (i) a shift in the attitude of teachers, parents and the community to look beyond academic performance and value intelligence and thinking abilities in children, (ii) offering gifted academic underachievers the opportunity to perform and excel in non-academic areas which may enhance their self-concept, and (iii) including self-concept enhancement program while designing nurturing programs for underprivileged and underachieving gifted children. |
Pages: 1207-1210 The current world is full of competition and in pressure to perform well constantly. Therefore, it becomes important for an individual to be self- compassionate and flourish in every sphere of life. The purpose of the study was to find out the correlation between self-compassion and flourishing and further, to examine difference between male and female undergraduate students on flourishing and self -compassion. The sample of the study consists of 100 students, (male & female 50 each) between age range of 18-25. Flourishing Scale (Diener et al., 2010) and Self-Compassion Scale (Raes, Pommier, Neff, & Gucht, 2010) were used to collect the data. Purposive sampling was done to gather data. Pearson's Product Moment Correlation and t-test were used to analyze the data. The Results revealed a positive significant relationship between flourishing and self -compassion. Further, it shows that there exists significant difference between male and female undergraduate students on flourishing and no significant difference on self-compassion. |
Pages: 1211-1213 Mental health is a crucial psychological factor with respect to the human behavior. Several studies have shown that emotional abilities are of particular relevance to psychological health and well-being. This study examined the predictive nature of Emotional Intelligence with standardized measures of mental health. For this purpose 100 students (50 males & 50 females) of 9th and 10th standard i.e. students of 13-15 years were selected as respondents. The result revealed that emotional intelligence and mental health were positively related with each other. It also revealed that male students were better than female students in terms of mental health and emotional intelligence. This study thus underlines the importance of training in emotional intelligence and mental health for female students particularly. |
Pages: 1214-1216 With popular and increasing interest in having a psychological explanation to the organic basis to the diseases. Here we are going to put emphasis on the mental health getting affected in women suffering from PCOD which is a hormonal problem and has biological and psychological basis to the development of this problem. Quality of life and depression are the variables whose relationship is been studied in relationship with Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome) which is a relatively common hormonal disorder that causes a number of different symptoms in women of reproductive age. Common to all women with PCOS is an irregularity in the menstrual cycle and the presence of excess male hormones (androgens). Sleep can be defined as a condition of body and mind which recurs for several hours every night, in which the nervous system is inactive, the eyes closed, the postural muscles are relaxed and the consciousness is partially suspended and Quality of life (QOL) is a broad multidimensional concept that usually includes subjective evaluations of both positive and negative aspects of life. Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration. A lot of researches have been done in this area and according to that it was seen that negative correlation was seen between PCOS and all the variables present in the study which means that severity of PCOS leads to lower quality of life and sleep quality and worsens the state of depression. |
Pages: 1217-1219 Crime is on a rise in our modern urbanising society, and it is not only adult crime but also juvenile delinquency is a matter of concern. This present study is to seep through and understand how delinquency can be avoided by checking the role of optimism and resilience in delinquent behaviours. It is seen that poor resilience increases delinquent behaviour, and since children with low socio-economic status undergo various stressors this study focuses on the target population of adolescents in Delhi slums. This study aims to find out how optimism mediates to build resilience and decrease delinquent behaviour. Quantitative research design is used to check correlation between the variables followed by mediation analysis is to form a mediation model. Purposive sampling technique is used and data is collected from young adults from slums in Delhi. Theories suggest that difficult social environment develop the attitude and skills to become delinquents. The present study focuses to develop an optimism resilience model to decrease delinquent behaviour. |
Pages: 1220-1224 The rising rates of teenage suicides in the country is a matter of grave concern. With the parents and society pressurizing the young minds to target the most coveted and now glamorized educational institutions of the country, academic distress and related depression seems to be a common place thing now. No wonder, the rates of suicides are rising. Social media and the world of virtual reality further worsen the situation. The boom of information and technology has raised the difficulty levels of curricula .The present paper attempts to address all these factors and also intends to propose preventive and remedial measures. |
Pages: 1225-1230 Stakeholders in tourism are broadly classified as players of supply-side and demand side. Supply side players are referred as destination management organizations, service providers and host population; and the demand side constitutes tourists. The great performance of supply-side players basically enhances the satisfaction level at the demand side which is the ultimate goal of any destination management organization for growth and sustain ability of the destination. The comparative and competitive advantage that a destination possess over similar other destinations heighten the engagement and commitment of supply-side stakeholders for further investment in tourism sector and thereby business enlargement at the destination. Thus, framing proper stakeholder management policies and strategies are important for any tourist destination to enhance and sustain its competitiveness in both domestic and international markets. This article presents a theoretical framework to explore whether tourism destination competitiveness with a mediating effect of tourism suppliers' strategic congruence with destination would lead to their business performance at the destination. This could facilitate a clearer understanding of the nature of tourism suppliers' reactions to tourism, so that the results could help tourism planners and policy-makers to develop more appropriate destination products as well as to enhance competitiveness in tourism markets in turn. |
Pages: 1231-1233 One of the most common disorders which we can see is the addiction of substances; here we would be taking in account the alcohol dependent patients. When a patient is addicted to a particular substance in this case alcohol, a combination of factors play an important role in his/her life. His different aspects of life are affected in different ways which he/she has no clear idea. The paper will be focusing on anxiety, optimism and marital compatibility in alcohol dependent patients. During alcohol consumption or in the withdrawal phase a lot of patients feel anxiety which they don't understand clearly as a result to overcome these symptoms they can relapse. It is optimism variable which helps them on their path to recovery. Marital compatibility is one of the most affected area, a lot of studies have been conducted on the spouses of the alcohol dependent patients but not many alcohol dependent patients. This study will try to bridge this gap and may be in the near future interventions and programmes can be designed on the results obtained. |
Pages: 1234-1237 There is an increasing awareness as well as sensitisation in the society towards the sexual minority group and the need to initiate their inclusion, sense of belonging as well as ensuring their rights towards a civil life. This change has been more evident in the past two decades with increasing research on the transgender population, not just in India but on a global level. The aim of the present review paper is to highlight the mental health concerns that the transgender population faces which thus leads to manifestation of various psychological issues in them and the level to which this population feels supported in our society. To reach the objective of the study the variables considered were : 1) Social Anxiety 2) Perceived Social Support and 3) Quality of life in the Transgender population. Research studies focusing on these variables conducted globally were considered, critically analysed and articles from the papers were summarised in an attempt to clearly provide an explanation of the current understanding on the mental health of transgenders in terms of the occurrence of social anxiety, the level of perceived social support and their Quality of life. |
Pages: 1238-1241 Any society cannot prosper without considering every member of it at par in all respect. Transgender though have been belatedly recognized a third gender with legitimate power of equality along with other genders and citizens of the country yet there is still many a slip between lip and cup as so much of discrimination is visible and in persistence. The transgender people who have been accorded a high degree of dignity and respect in the ancient scriptures from the time immemorial and their presence would auger well and considered very auspicious in every defining act and movements have ironically been discriminated from our contemporary society in terms of rearing, education, employment, health and public amenities. The present paper deals with issues and major problems being faced by the transgender people in our society and prospective remedial measures to be adopted by the government and civic societies to assuage them. The transgender though constitute insignificant in number but they are the integral part of our society who contribute for holistic and inclusive social living. The topic has been introduced succinctly followed by the important research reviews collected and presented on the transgender including various terminologies on transgender. The key hurdles pertaining to this community have been narrated and possible solutions are also presented. The paper is concluded highlighting important aspects of transgender with socio-economic and cultural status. |
Pages: 1242-1247 Every individual deserves equal opportunity to access basic amenities like food, safe drinking water, education, clothing, shelter besides other opportunities. But inequality exists in different forms and social justice is aimed at ensuring that every human being receives their basic right. Social Justice commitment is the willingness of a person to engage in social justice activities. It can be enhanced if the predicting factors can be determined. The role of Peer influence, Spiritual intelligence, Emotional intelligence and Resilience on Social Justice Commitment is examined in this review article. These factors were found to have positive influence on how a person reach out to others who are in need, how they faced challenges while promoting prosocial behaviour and over all well-being of a person. The direct influence of the predictors reviewed on Social Justice Commitment is not well explored. Hence, directs to further research and exploration of Social Justice Commitment. |
Pages: 1248-1250 Middle age is considered as the time to change of power, independence and to taking decision for younger generation. In middle life empty nest couples having more time to focus on their marriage relationship and enjoyed the activities, play together and more money to spend on themselves. In this study marital adjustment scale developed by Kumar and Rohatgi has been used for this purpose. To fulfill these objectives, 120 couples (man & women) those living with wards and without wards were selected from metro cities through purposive sampling method. The study shows that high level of marital adjustment, found on those living without wards whereas, low level of marital adjustment is found among couples those living with wards. |
Pages: 1251-1256 This paper is an attempt at understanding the rather under-explored area of Indian media ownership, mergers, and acquisitions and the effect it has on the prospects of free choice of content among the audience. It is a historical study and deals with secondary data from a number of sources that include RNI, FICCI-KPMG reports, media analysts' statistics, and relevant literature. The core idea of this study consists of examining the attempt of perpetuating a constructed perception of free choice over content through multiple media avenues while the same media continue to be rallied under lesser media corporations and conglomerates every year, thus, obliterating possibilities of divergent ideology and opinions. The study tries to offer critical comments on the growing integration of mass media ownership in India and foreign investments into them as well. This study is essentially a review of data and literature on media ownership in India. It tries to problematize the subject in the context of Chomsky's idea of necessary illusions, Ben Bagdikian's media monopoly theory and the counter-arguments of Ben Compaigne. |
Pages: 1257-1259 Psychological well-being is a contentment, satisfaction with all elements of life self-actualization (a feeling of having achieved something in one's life). It is attained by achieving a state of balance affected by both challenging and rewarding life events. Work performance assesses whether a person perform a job well. It is an important criterion for an individual and organizational outcomes and success. The present study is an attempt to understand the psychological well-being and work performance among employees and entrepreneur. A sample of 100 adults in age group of 20-25 years were chosen for the present study. This study focuses on analyzing mental health and performance among their setup Result shows that ,the present study concludes that there is difference between the Psychological Well-being and work performance of entrepreneur and employees differs according to their setups. employees doesn't maintain good mental health than the entrepreneurs |
Pages: 1260-1262 The present study explores the role of Marital Status (Married/Unmarried) in psychological well-being among working women. For this, a sample of 120 working women aged 25-35 years and working in public sector in Prayagraj, UP, India was taken. Psychological well-being scale of Ryff (1989) was used to assess the well-being of respondents. Data was analysed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results showed significant differences across the married and unmarried groups in overall well-being scores. Significant differences were also found in different dimensions of psychological well-being in respect of marital status. |
Pages: 1263-1267 Present study is aimed to compare body image attitudes and perception for gender and Body Mass Index (BMI) categories among university/college students. Sample consists of 327 college students from different departments and colleges of the University of Allahabad (Uttar Pradesh, India). Body image attitudes were measured by using the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire- Appearance Scale [(MBSRQ-AS) Cash, T. F.,2018]. Perceptual body Image was measured by Stunkard Figural Scale. Results showed body image issues among Indian college students regarding weight, size, and shape. Male students were more satisfied with their body areas than female students (p<.001), but in evaluations of their looks, females evaluated more positively than male students (p<.001). Male students have strived towards muscularity however females have strived for thin ideal (p<.001). Normal BMI group showed more positive body image for both the genders in comparison of underweight and overweight categories. Body image attitudes and perception differ in terms of Body Mass Index and Gender. There are body image issues in male and female college students, which must be addressed. |
Pages: 1268-1270 Emotional abuse is undervalued and underrated aspect among adolescents. Emotional Abuse is one of the biggest social evil. As a result of abuse, lose control in their lives, unable to attain confidence and unable to adjust in society. Adolescence is one of the most compelling and yet complex developmental stage. The outgrowth of emotional abuse put adolescents at risk and face severe consequences such as poor school performance, distress, anxiety, irritation and have long-term outcomes such as aggression, substance abuse, suicide, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression. To measure the impact of emotional abuse on adjustment among adolescents and to learn if there is any difference in the impact of emotional abuse of male and female adolescents. The present research was a correlation study aimed at investigating the impact of Emotional Abuse on adjustment among adolescents. The sample consists of 50 adolescent boys and 50 adolescent girls and is between the ages of 18 to 21 from Al Barkat Institute. The convenient sampling method was used to select the participants. Moreover, the tools used for this study was Emotional Abuse developed by Alam and Nasheen, and Adjustment Inventory developed by Kumar. The data were analyzed using t test and Pearson correlation. The statistical results show that there is an impact of emotional abuse on adjustment among adolescents and as emotional abuse increases among male and female adjustment level decrease. The present research implicates that serious steps should be taken against emotional abuse, create awareness at societal level, to address the rising problem of abuse among adolescents and to examine interventions for the victims of emotional abuse. |
Pages: 1271-1274 Young people with disabilities have to face a lot of difficulties during their transition to adulthood. However, it's heartening that there is a marked shift in people's attitude towards the issue. Educationists, healthcare activists and administrators of schools are supporting kids with disabilities during this challenging phase of life. Concerted efforts are being made to help disabled children overcome challenges they confront while transitioning to adulthood. It's a hard moment for the younger individuals to move from childhood to adulthood. As we create many transitions in our life, but the transition into adulthood is perhaps the one with the most far-reaching implications. This write-upaims to provide an overview of the situation so that we become able to understand the challenges faced by the disabled children during the transition to adulthood and come up with better solutions to address the issue. |
Pages: 1275-1277 Caregivers play an important role in the dealing with the psychiatric disorders majorly Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders. Yet this key role is not taken so seriously. Caregivers are the ones dealing with so many aspects of life along with taking care of the person who is suffering some psychiatric disorder. They have their own burnouts. However, these individuals still have certain basis on which they keep the work going on. Therefore, this piece of work, the sole aim to bring into awareness the level of spirituality the caregivers have for the patients of schizophrenia and mood disorders, the level of optimism that helps them keep going with the care they provide, and the quality of life even after taking care of the people suffering from schizophrenia and mood disorders. Also, to suggest the ways how these can be curbed, so that further individuals can be able to deal better and their conditions can be made better. |
Pages: 1278-1280 Children benefit from the regular educational programme but at times due to certain conditions they need individualized plan of special education within the setup of inclusive classroom. The concept of inclusive education and classroom is a model wherein students with special needs and disabilities study and spend time with students who do not have special needs or disability. For this purpose, there is a need for training and sensitization of regular teachers, special educators, and school counsellors. Sensitization programmes are also recommended for parents of regular students along with regular students. Together they all contribute in the creation of inclusive classroom. The conceptual framework for creation of inclusive classroom presented in the present work includes ergonomics, classroom management, creation and use of resources, and time-management on part of the teachers. |