Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Pages: 688-690
Deepika and Jatesh Kathpalia (Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Gender discrimination can be uprooted through empowerment of women and social awareness. By providing women the opportunity to take active part in socio, economic political and familial decisions this discrimination can be reduced. Women of our country have faced discrimination at all ages, now and hence forth this discrimination continues to exist in various forms. Any denial of equality, gender and opportunity on the bias of gender, is gender discrimination. Nature doesn't discriminate men from women. But women worldwide have been the victim's of inequality not only in terms of social and political rights but also on grounds of employment and opportunities. In the male dominant society women have become habituated of this discrimination. As a result, most women fail to understand their own rights and freedom. . Gender discrimination happens because people think that men are better than women. It seems obvious that women would want to change the system, but men are less likely to want to give up their positions of power. However, when men take part in resisting gender discrimination-by treating women with respect. Data were collected from Chaudhriwas, Kalwas , Dahima, and Bhojraj villages of Hisar-I and Hisar-II blocks covered under Hisar district of Haryana State by selecting 200 Parents. This paper shows that role and responsibility among gender and decision making by parents for future prospectus to their children.

Pages: 697-706
Himangini R. Hooja and Priyangini Shaktawat (Department of Psychology, IIS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan )

The aim of the current study was to test the role of home environment and achievement motivation on psychological well-being among school going students. A sample of 100 boys and girls of higher secondary school students between age ranges of 15-19 years was purposively selected. Descriptive method of research was employed and data was collected through Deo-Mohan achievement motivation scale, Home environment inventory by Mishra and Ryff's psychological well-being scale. Correlation and regression was done through SPSS. Results reported that there is significant relationship between six out of ten sub-scale of home environment and achievement motivation. Sub-scales social isolation, deprivation of privileges and rejection has negative significant relationship with psychological well-being and sub-scale reward has positive relationship with psychological well-being. Results also indicate that there is correlation between psychological well-being and achievement motivation. Further analysis using regression showed that Achievement motivation and only permissiveness factor contributed significantly to variation in psychological well-being.

Pages: 716-719
Pinki Ninaniya, Sangwan Santosh, and Reena (Department of Human Development and Family Studies, COHS, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana)

Modernization is the process of social transition, use of new technology, tools, adoption of new values and practices in organizations are all aspects of change and modernization. Adolescence is very important stage in the process of development as adolescent face internal crises because of cognitive social and biological changes. The present study was carried out in Hisar district of Haryana state. The sample consisted 100 adolescents from rural and100 from urban between the age group of 16-17 years (both boys & girls). Comprehensive Modernization Inventory developed by Ahluwalia and Kalia (1998) was used to assess attitude of adolescents towards modernization. Results observed that girls had more positive attitude in all the components of modernization than their counterparts except politics where boys possessing higher percentage as compare to girls. Further mean scores indicated that significant difference were obtained in education, P-C relationship, status of women and as well as politics. Further girls respondents had more positive attitude towards education, P-C relationship as well as status of women as compared to boys.

Pages: 724-728
Divi Tara and Mamata Mahapatra (Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh)

This paper is based on Gerontological issues and is placed here based on secondary data. The Indian tradition always sticks to the well- being of elderly in terms of physical, emotional, mental, economic, social, and spiritual contexts. But alarming physical and mental hassles of silver citizen in present day society now compel the psychologist and sociologists to think over the issue. The rapid socio-cultural changes in global level put in several problems to the population of ageing. Aligned to the above facts,the objective of the paper is to analyse the four components (Physical health, mental health, economic health, & social support) of the elderly population, in particular through the support of extensive literature search to enhance their 'holistic' health. The paper also aims to study the dimensions of social health for maintaining a healthy social life of the silver citizens in the society, adopted by the stakeholders, policy makers, administrative personnel and the general public, to help and enable the elderly to have a positive well- being within themselves and also in the society.

Pages : 734-736
Seema Rani Sarraf (Department of Psychology, M.G. Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh)

This study investigated the effect of intervention program on manic depressive psychotic patients. Sample consisted of two female patients suffering from manic- depressive psychosis (diagnosed by psychiatrist in mental hospital). The patients were taken from Mental Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. This study was planned to investigate social awareness and personal hygiene in both patients. Twenty- four sessions were planned (two sessions per week) for the intervention. An action plan was made according to which intervention program was supposed to proceed along with the medicines. The action plan was divided into two phases. The first phase was observation phase which include the observation of the initial condition prevailing among the patients in the ward while the second phase included the therapy session. For social awareness the group activity (group exercise, group singing & group activities like making cards, coloring & competitions) was organized. A group of 10 patients was formed and these patients were included in that group. To improve the personal hygiene area the patients were instructed to brush daily, to take bath, to wash hands before taking food and to change their dress daily. If the patient had done it then they were reinforced by encouragement and token (some candies). Considerable changes were found in both patients after the intervention program.

Pages: 740-743
Lalit Kumar Singh (Department of Psychology, Lucknow University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh)
Kiran Srivastava (Department of Psychology, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh)

The purpose of this paper is to investigate analytical causal factor contributing in the development of pathological hoarding and individual's reluctance to dispose of material possessions. This paper attempts to see hoarding phenomenon as part of psychopathology among psychologically disturbed population which is not uncommon. Articles earlier discussed however vary in their explanation of hoarding behavior. Human beings are innately formulated to fill the gaps consciously or unconsciously. Inner world of the individual cast lasting impression to the covert and overt behavior of individual. Functional hoarders might be those individuals who accumulate a large number of items that seems useless or of limited value for others and have difficulties to dispose of such items without clear conscious motivation or control (Greenberg et al., 1990; Sookman, Abramowitz, Calamari, Wilhelm, & McKay, 2005). Observations on patients, discussion with them on the above mentioned issues, who were identified as hoarders, individuals who accumulate objects privately and are unable to dispose without clear conscious motivation or control, constitute the primary data for this paper. Impact of internal unfulfilled wishes can be seen in exaggerated personification brought into the inanimate object by the hoarder. In investigating the underlying reasons for accumulating objects and resisting dispossession, informants show evidence of being reflective consumers who perceive dispose as a threat to inner world (unconscious), Unknown Psychological deficits, memory, to security. This paper confirms current literature regarding the role of possessions as symbolic representations of one sided established interpersonal ties with others and as a signal to past experiences. The paper supports that possessions provide a sense of security to the owner which is unconscious in pathological conditions.. Finally, this paper reinforces that preserving material objects cultivate a vision for being optimistic to some extent about the future. Ultimately, informants' motivations to accumulate, to keep, and to not-dispose of objects reflects a desire to reassemble the fragments of their self and helps to reunite temporal experience into a unique space where memories of broken emotions, trust and support can restructured to feel gratification for the survival of the entity. This paper gives an opportunity for the reader to personally evaluate hoarding behviour and to develop their understanding of highly analytical and dynamic aspect of hoarding as psychopathology. In this paper hoarding phenomenon as psychopathology from psycho-analytic perspective has been explored. Important is the fact that hoarders finds value in hoarded items. This statement might be important from treatment perspective. Analytical explanation of the psychopathology embedded in the hoarding phenomenon would certainly help to seek possible means of psychological intervention. This could be an important focus for treatment.

Pages: 748-751
Vijay Mahadeorao Bhujade (Department of Psychology, Vidyawardhini Arts, Commerce & Arts College, Dhule, Maharashtra)

Higher education is a stressful period in students' life which they need to cope with due to various reasons as living away from the families, a heavy syllabus, and inefficiency in higher education programs. Depression, anxiety and academic stress among college students are a cause of concern. Every nation invests lot of money on education. However research survey on college student's reports at any given time there will be 10 to 20 % of student population suffering from psychological problems (Stress, Anxiety, & Depression). This paper briefly describes the research carried out in the last 3 decades especially regarding stress, anxiety and depression. It focuses stress among college students, nature of psychiatric morbidity, emotional problems and adjustment, psychological problems of college students. Emphasizing how counseling will help students with emotional problems and also suggested preventive measures to be taken by colleges such as setting up student counseling centers, create awareness among college students in seeking help with counseling centers. It is also suggested to have mentor- mentee programme compulsorily on all colleges. A student health committee should be formed in each college with mental health professionals as its members. There should be regular seminar and workshop for teachers and college students on various issues of psychological problems and its coping mechanisms.

Pages: 754-756
Neha Bishnoi (School of Education, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana)

Individuals differ in many ways. But in educational perspective learning disability is the obstacle in acquiring knowledge and to express it. The individuals with learning disability seem like as normal child. Identification of learning disabilities should be at early stage, unless it will stop the progress of the individual. There are different types of learning disabilities and there exist different types of training or intervention programs. In this paper the researcher has explained the concepts, types and some remedies for learning disabilities. There are some instructions for teachers as well as for managements.

Pages: 768-770
Lata Rathi (Orange City College of Social Work, Nagpur, Maharashtra)
N. R. Mrinal (Ex. Head Department of Psychology RTM, Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra)

Dental Disfigurement is a major problem for a person who is suffering from Malocclusion. Malocclusion, is a technical name given to crowded, irregular or protruded teeth. In the present investigation the Anxiety and Stress are studied with reference to Dental Disfigurement among Adolescents. The 8 SQ Questionnaire (Cattell, 1976) was administered to 50 Male (age range 12-20 years) and 50 Female(age range 12-20 years) patients to investigate anxiety and stress with an equal number of Normal's having no dental disfigurement. Both the groups, experimental and control were matched on age and sex. It was found that experimental group, adolescents suffering from malocclusion scored significantly greater on Anxiety (M=14.34) as compared with normal's ( M=11.8), F=15.04,p<.01. Similarly the Stress was also found to be significantly greater in adolescents suffering from malocclusion (M=15.11 as compared with the normal's (M=12.83), F=11.56, p<.01. The interaction between A*B was found to be significant which means the gender has an influence on Stress. The females (M=15.06) scored significantly greater than males (M=12.88), F= 10.56.

Pages: 774-776
Bodhraj Kumkaria, O. P. Sharma, and Mridula Pal Singh (Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan)

The present study aimed at investigating the role of subjective well-being and emotional intelligence in determining subjective well-being among psychiatrist. The sample size consisted of 100 psychiatrists with (50 male & 50 female) from SMS Psychiatric Center, Jaipur and various Government Psychiatric Centers located in Rajasthan State through purposive sampling. Correlational design was used. Participants completed Psychological Well-Being Scale (Ryff, 2008); Mangal's Emotional Intelligence Scale (Mangal & Mangal, 2004); and Self-efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995). The results of the study revealed that psychological well-being of psychiatrist significantly positively correlates both with self-efficacy and emotional intelligence.

Pages :786-788
Vinita Singh (Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh)

Domestic work, a predominantly female occupation, has been increasing in India. The lives of poor women are marked by many hardships. They have to deal with poverty, exploitation, male domination and violence at every step. Yet many of them manage to conquer their sit-uation and build a life for themselves and their children. Growing urbanization, the increased labor force participation rate of women, and the decline of extended families are the primary reasons for the exponential growth of this sector. The purpose of the present study was to know the important aspect of working and living condition of female domestic workers. Main objective of the study was to know their problem at workplace and home, psychological problem and how they cope with those problems. The sample included 30 female domestic workers and 1 of them was studied in detail. The questionnaire used in the study which includes both structured and unstructured questions. Unstructured interview, a part of the questionnaire aimed to understand respondent's life, their feeling and their ideas regarding work. Results are indicating that female domestic workers are facing financial, health, psychological and social problems like wage system, excessive duty hours, no leave which affect their well-being.

Pages: 792-794
Vikas Yadav and N. K. Chadha (Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi )

Loneliness as a construct has received less attention in recent times. We in this paper review the existing literature on the construct of loneliness. The review briefly summarizes the various facets of loneliness; prominent theories of loneliness, causes and correlates of loneliness and the intervention techniques develop to overcome loneliness. Our research suggests that there is need for more research in establishing causal relationship between loneliness and its correlates. We also suggest the need to be conduct research to clearly delimit the construct of loneliness from other similar constructs like loneliness and anxiety.