Indian Journal of Positive Psychology

Pages:21-25
Hojjat Ali Salimi and Mahbobeh Chin Aveh (Department of Psychology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran)

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between organizational culture and innovation with the mediation of job enrichment in the Fars governor's staff. The sample of 175 employees with sampling was available in Fars governor. Participants completed Denison organizational culture questionnaire, Hackman & Oldham job enrichment and Kimer Siegel organizational innovation. Using simultaneous and regression method by using the theoretical model proposed by Baron and Kenny were analyzed. The results are based on the hypothesis that organizational culture is a predictor of innovation. Organizational culture is also a predictor of job enrichment. Job enrichment is as predictor of creativity and innovation. The findings support the mediating role of job enrichment between the relationship of organizational culture, and innovation.

Pages:30-33
Prachi Bhavesh Sanghvi and V. Premanand (St. Agnes Centre for Post-Graduate Studiesand Research, Bendoor, Mangalore)

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms generally have an onset prior to age 25. If they exist in evident degree, they are by and large, hampering. Self-awareness is associated with good clinical outcome in case of obsessive-compulsive disorder. It gives a person an opportunity to choose different ways of being. People with increased self-awareness are more likely to accept themselves and the responsibilities resulting from their choices as well as actions. As result of it, past literature suggest that obsessive-compulsive symptoms reduce. In this context, it was assumed that perceived choice will mediate between self-awareness and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Therefore, the current research aimed to study the role of Perceived Choice as a mediating factor between Self-Awareness and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms among emerging adults. Two hundred and eighty seven emerging adults(M= 133, F=154) participated in this study. Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised and Self-Determination Scale were used to measure the study variables and mediation analysis was done. The results revealed that Perceived Choice partially mediates between Self-Awareness and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms with statistical significance level of χ2 (0) =.000, p > .000. Implications of the study include understanding the way in which these variables influence the symptoms and incorporating them in the therapeutic procedures accordingly.

Pages:39-43
Jesline Maria Martin Mamen (Department of Psychology, Kuriakose Elias College, Mannanam, Kottayam, Kerala) Anju Dias (Department of Counselling Psychology, Loyola College of Social Sciences, Sreekaryam, Kerala)

Adolescents undergo a lot of crisis during their developmental stage. Early separations from parents, deprivation of parental care, love, security, acceptance and discipline during adolescence have a detrimental effect on the psychological well-being of adolescents. This study explores the relationship between resilience and psychological wellbeing among destitute adolescents. The participants (N=160) consisting of both male (N=80) and female (N=80) adolescents in the age range of 13-17 years, were conveniently selected from various destitute homes in Thiruvananthapuram city, Kerala. Brief Resilience Scale and Psychological Wellbeing Scale were administered to collect the data from the participants. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's Rank Correlation method were used to analyze the data. Results revealed statistically significant relationship between the resilience and psychological wellbeing among destitute adolescents. The findings of the study show that adolescents living in destitute homes have low resilience and psychological wellbeing. The study also suggests implications to improve the coping mechanisms and well-being of adolescents in destitute homes.

Pages:48-54
Papia Mukherjee, Anindita Chaudhuri and Sonali De (Department of Psychology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata)

The joint family system has been one of the salient features of the Indian society since a long era. The enormous changes in the family system has documented over a period of century which increases the freedom of marital choice, greater involvement of females in decision making regarding family matter, rises level of education among women, greater conflict between husband and wife, incidence of separation and divorce. Changes in the traditional family system are steadily diminishing the joint family structure from the urban scene. Thus, the present study explores how the love attitude, feeling of security and motivation to acquire relationship threatening information of couples contribute to the marital quality of spouses from urban area in the present era. The sample consisted of 15 couples from joint family and 15 couples from nuclear family. The age of the participants ranged from 30 to 50 years, with minimum five years of length of marriage, from middle to higher socio economic group, at least graduate and having at least one offspring. The participants completed Love Attitude Scale, Indian Adaptation of Maslow's Security-Insecurity feeling Inventory, Motivation to Acquire Relationship Threatening Information Scale and Martial Quality Scale. The data were analyzed using Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis (SMRA) separately for females from joint family, females from nuclear family, males from joint family, and males from nuclear family. Result showed that Erotic Love contributes 20.8% to marital quality for the group of female from joint family and 15.9% to marital quality for the female from nuclear family. Thus, erotic love contributes to marital quality as a whole for the wives from joint as well as nuclear family. On the other hand Pragmatic Love contributes 19.9% to marital quality in case of male from nuclear family. In case of male from joint family, Feelings of security contributes 18.8% to the marital quality but, the result signifies that feeling of security influences negatively to the quality of marriage for the group of joint family male.

Pages:60-64
Geeta Sunkarapalli, Neha Taparia and Tina Fernandes (Department of Psychology, St. Francis College for Women, Hyderabad) Aarti Nagpal (Centre for Health Psychology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad)

Optimism as defined by Scheier and Carver is the global generalized tendency to believe that one will generally experience good versus bad outcomes in life. The vague sense of being in danger is usually called anxiety. Coping strategies encompass cognitive and behavioural strategies used to manage stress situations or/and to attend negative emotions. The objective of this study is to study the relationship between Optimism, State and Trait Anxiety and Coping Strategies. A non-probability convenience sampling method was employed to select participants in the age group 20 - 60 years (men and women) from the city of Visakhapatnam. The Life Orientation Scale (Scheier et al., 1994), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults by Charles D. Spielberger, 1977 and Coping Strategies Scale by A. K. Srivastava, 2001 were used to collect the data. The data analysis revealed significant positive correlations between Optimism and the five dimensions of Coping namely Behavioural Approach, Cognitive Approach, Cognitive Behavioural Approach, Behavioural Avoidance and Cognitive Avoidance and State and Trait Anxiety. The data analysis also revealed a significant negative correlation between State anxiety and Behavioural, Cognitive and Cognitive Behavioural Approaches of Coping and Trait anxiety and Behavioural and Cognitive Behavioural approaches of Coping. The within group design results show a significant difference between men and women in levels of Optimism and two dimensions of Coping namely Behavioural Approach and Cognitive Behavioural Approach. Providing psychosocial interventions to improve Optimism will facilitate anxiety reduction and effective coping.

Pages:71-75
Anjali Edbor and Pankaj Singh (N.K.P. Salve Institute of Medical Sciences, Digdoh Hills, Nagpur, Maharashtra)

The present paper is an attempt to examine the positive relationship between emotional intelligence and personality. It also examines the role of emotional intelligence in job performance. Sample for the study include 170 nurses' (55 male, and 65 female nurses') between the age group 22 to 30 years, at different medical institutions from central India Nagpur. The data were analysed with the help of compared “t” test, an analysis of variance showed a mean of male emotional intelligence 125.23, female 124.72, and t- value is 0.153, significant at p-value of 0.05 level. Based on this study it shows that, male & female nurse's high score of emotional intelligence they, can manage themselves strongly, focus on career, work in a team, have strong leadership quality, more focused and can maintain family / partner relationship, academic achievement, decision- making, and work positively.

Pages:84-87
Jaisri M. (Department of Psychology, Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Kalady, Kerala)

Happiness is a pleasant, transient, and blissful experience that everyone can feel but cannot define. Whereas, life satisfaction is the way a person evaluates his or her life and how he or she feels about where it is going in the future. Both happiness and life satisfaction are firm basis for the development of psychological as well as subjective well-being throughout the life span of an individual. In view of the above, the present study was an attempt to understand the level of happiness and life satisfaction among adults. The participants were 1513 adults belonging to the age range of 20 to 60 years, selected from Trichur and Ernakulam districts, Kerala. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Hills & Argyle, 2002), and The Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985) were administered to the adults and the obtained data was analyzed using one way ANOVA, Duncan's post hoc test , and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results revealed no significant difference among the different groups of adults in their level of happiness. However, the late young adults had highest satisfaction with life while the early young adults had the least life satisfaction when compared to the other groups of adults. The results revealed significant relationship between happiness and life satisfaction.

Pages:93-96
Renuka Joshi and Kanchan Yadav (Department of Psychology D.A.V. (PG) College, Dehradun, Uttaranchal)

The present study was conducted to determine the gender difference on Emotional Competence in reference to CBT intervention among individuals with depression. Probability sampling technique was used and the sample was chosen by stratified random sampling method. A total sample of 200 subjects within the age-range of 18-40 years were selected, using Anxiety, depression and stress scale developed by Pallavi Bhatnagar (2011). Out of which 100 males and 100 females were subjected to CBT intervention based on REBT model. Emotional competence scale developed by Sharma and Bhardwaj (2007) was employed to measure emotional competence and its dimensions before and after CBT intervention. Results indicated that the significant difference between pre and post CBT intervention on the level of depression of both male and female subjects was found.

Pages:100-102
Anjana Bhattacharjee and Amrita Banerjee (Department of Psychology, Tripura University, Tripur)

The study investigated the level of wellbeing among cancer patients. The study also intended to explore the impact of gender and chronicity of illness on the wellbeing of the cancer patients. Data was collected from a sample of 100 cancer patients. Among them 50% was male cancer patients while the rest 50% was female cancer patients. All of them were selected purposively from the Regional Cancer Institute, Agartala, Tripura. Background Information Schedule and Personal Wellbeing Index were used for collecting data. The results showed no significant impact of gender and chronicity of illness on the well being of the cancer patients.

Pages:107-112
Priyanka Behrani (Department of Psychology , The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Gujrat) Jadeja, M. (Department of Clinical Psychology, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gujrat)

The objective of the study was to study of hope and its process using focus groups and phenomenological analysis. Snyder defines hope as: “Hope is the sum of perceived capabilities to produce routes to desired goals, along with the perceived motivation to use those routes”Snyder (1994) also proposes that hope has no hereditary contributions and it is rather an entirely learned cognitive set about goal-directed thinking. The teachings of pathways and agentic thinking is seen as an inherent part of parenting which helps the child to bring in the components of hopeful thinking in place by the age of two year. The method used for the study was focused group discussion. Twelve female co-researchers in the age group of 21-23 years were selected for the study. Phenomenological analysis was used to analyze the information. A phenomenological research consists of two main findings: textural descriptions and structural descriptions. The finding is Hope is something which is vast and abstract. It is also something which is related to positive future events and is beyond our immediate reality, experience and thus limitless. It is independent, ever- changing and even irrational at times. A contradicting quality is that hope is definitely something about which we are conscious and serious but at the same time it is something which has very little or no conviction.