The Role of Cultural Beliefs and Norms in Perpetuating Child Sexual Abuse and Violence: A Systematic Review

Description

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21886095

Molly Shayamano and Daniel Tuelo Masilo (Department of Social Work, Walter Sisulu University, South Africa)

Many children globally experience sexual abuse and exploitation, raising significant concerns for child protection efforts. While multiple factors contribute to the prevalence of child sexual abuse, cultural beliefs and norms are believed to play a significant part in perpetuating such violence against children. This study examines the role of cultural factors in exposing children to sexual abuse and violence across different contexts. This study implements a systematic literature review that follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards and integrates theoretical insights to deepen understanding of how cultural factors influence child sexual abuse. The study results indicate that cultural norms and beliefs often create an environment that allows child sexual abuse to thrive by silencing the victim, normalising abuse, stigmatising the victim and hindering prevention efforts. Given the significance of cultural factors in shaping occurrences and responses to child sexual abuse and violence, this study emphasises the critical need for culturally responsive social work interventions that also challenge harmful cultural traditions and enhance child protection.