Phytochemicals and Health Promoting Benefits of Fruits and Vegetables: A Review

Description

Rajni Goyal¹ and Shreshta² (Department of Home Science, Institute of Integrated Honors Studies, KUK, Kurukshetra, Haryana¹ and Government Girls College, Palwal, Kurukshetra, Haryana²)

For generations, fruits and vegetables have been the cornerstone of a healthy diet, offering natural protection against numerous ailments. Rich in essential vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds like anthocyanins and carotenoids, they provide vital nutrients while being naturally low in calories and fat. Fruits, in particular, stand out for their high fiber content, which enhances digestion and overall well-being. In addition, fruits are a rich source of phytochemicals, which reveal various health promoting benefits including anti-inflammatory, phytoestrogenic and antioxidant properties. These compounds help combat oxidative stress, making fruits and vegetables especially beneficial for managing conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. This review explores the wide spectrum of phytochemicals found in plant foods, including flavonoids, carotenoids, and essential vitamins like C and E. As a significant portion of the Indian population follows a vegetarian diet, embracing a diverse range of these nutrient-rich foods is key to preventing diseases and promoting long-term health. More than just nutritional staples, fruits and vegetables offer a natural and sustainable way to achieve a healthier lifestyle.